PVP接枝PHBV的研究

采用正交实验设计优化聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）与聚羟基戊酸-co-羟基丁酸共聚酯（PHBV）在氯苯溶液中的接枝反应工艺。结果表明：乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）与过氧化二苯甲酰（BPO）用量，反应温度显著影响接枝率（GR％）。在优化的反应工艺条件下，接枝率的置信度为90％的置信区间是（9．83±1．14）％，该值与实验结果（10．48％）一致。     

接枝SBS改性沥青的制备及性能

为了改善SBS改性沥青的存储稳定性,选择与沥青相容性好的单体,对SBS进行接枝改性.采用正交试验研究了接枝工艺参数(反应温度、反应时间和配料)对接枝率的影响,比较了不同接枝率下SBS改性沥青的性能,并采用1H-NMR和FTIR对接枝产物进行了分析,确定了合适的接枝工艺参数,即反应温度为90℃,反应时间为2 h,BPO与SBS的质量比为1.5%,L与SBS的质量比为0.2.在该试验条件下,获得了接枝率为7.21%,接枝效率为36.1%的改性SBS.存储软化点差和DSC分析表明,通过适量接枝,可显著改善沥青与SBS的相容性.     

甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯-苯乙烯多单体熔融接枝粉末聚丙烯

用转矩流变仪研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和粉末聚丙烯(PP)的熔融接枝反应。研究表明:采用粉末PP有利于吸收液态接枝单体,使各组分均匀分散在PP基体中,从而使GMA的接枝效率显著提高。加入第2单体苯乙烯(St)可有效控制PP降解,促进GMA接枝。通过对苯乙烯用量、引发剂用量、温度等影响接枝反应因素的系统研究,确定了优化的熔融接枝反应工艺条件为:在100 g PP粉末中,加入St和GMA各12 g,过氧化二异丙苯DCP 1.4 g,反应温度170℃时,GMA的接枝效率最高,可以达到94.0%,接枝率达11.3%,此时接枝产物的熔体流动速率(MFR)也最小。     

衣康酸——苯乙烯熔融接枝HDPE改性研究

本文采用反应型双螺杆挤出机和熔融接枝技术制备了可反应性相容剂HDPE-g-ITA和HDPE-g-(ITA co-St),借助气相色谱和热重分析技术,确定了熔融接枝工艺和工艺参数。应用红外光谱分析了接枝物的化学结构,证明熔融接枝过程中部分羧基脱水生成酸酐；接枝率和熔体流动速率测定结果表明,衣康酸(ITA)的接枝能力较马来酸酐(MAH)强,引入第二单体苯乙烯(St)对提高ITA的接枝率有更大的促进作用。     

聚丙烯无纺布接枝NVP的碘络合反应及杀菌性能研究

以接枝N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)的透明双向拉伸聚丙烯(BOPP)膜为模型,用紫外可见分光光度计研究了表面接枝NVP与碘的络合反应,考察了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)-碘的配比、络合温度、络合时间对络合反应的影响。结果表明,增大络合配比、升高络合温度及延长反应时间,均有利于提高与碘的络合程度。在此基础上,利用聚丙烯接枝NVP无纺布与碘络合制成了“消毒布”,并对其杀菌性能进行了初步评价。     

CR/AA二元接枝改性胶粘剂的研制

以丙烯酸(AA)为接枝单体,甲苯、乙酸乙酯为溶剂,BPO为引发剂,在氯丁橡胶(CR)上进行接枝共聚,制备出CR/AA二元接枝共聚物(CR-g-AA)胶粘剂.探讨了反应温度、反应时间、原料配比和引发剂用量等对接枝率和产物性能的影响,并用TG/DSC对接枝共聚物进行了表征.结果表明,反应温度85℃、反应时间4 h、引发剂用量为CR质量的0.9%~1.2%、CR与AA的质量比为15/100时,单体转化率达到70%、接枝率为56.8%,产物的180°剥离强度达到5.7 kN.m-1.     

无规聚丙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸的合成

采用溶液聚合的方法将无规聚丙烯(APP)与甲基丙烯酸(MAA)接枝共聚制得接枝共聚物APPgMAA.讨论了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂BPO浓度、单体MAA浓度对接枝率的影响.结果表明:当聚合反应温度低于120℃时,随着温度的增加,接枝率显著增大;当聚合反应温度高于120℃时,接枝率随温度升高而降低.延长反应时间有利于提高接枝率.最适宜的w(引发剂)为1%,m(MAA)/m(APP)为025/1.利用红外光谱证实了接枝物APPgMAA的存在.     

非均相合成PP-g-MMA共聚物研究

非均相合成了甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)和聚丙烯 (PP)的接枝物 (PP—g—MMA) .对合成产物进行了IR表征 ,考察了引发剂PBO、甲苯、反应时间和单体等对接枝率和接枝效率的影响 .结果表明 ,在BPO引发下 ,MMA能被接枝到PP链上 ;甲苯的加入对提高接枝率不利 ,单体用量的改变对接枝率的影响较大 ;反应最佳工艺条件为温度 :86℃ ,时间 :2 .5h ,配方 :PP/g∶MMA/mL∶BPO/g=2 0∶1 0∶0 .3.     

新型聚丙烯增韧剂-聚丙烯接枝聚氨酯的合成研究

报道以马来酸酐化聚丙烯 (MPP)和聚氨酯 (PU)预聚物为原料 ,采用溶液法制备聚丙烯的聚氨酯接枝共聚物的一种合成方法。研究了反应条件对接枝程度的影响以及合成工艺的优化 ,并采用FTIR对产物进行了表征。结果表明 :以二甲苯为溶剂 ,在 10 0～ 130℃条件下 ,通过聚氨酯预聚物的NCO基团与MPP的MA基团的反应可以使PU链接枝于PP主链 ,接枝程度与反应时间、反应温度密切相关     

淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚反应的研究

研究了以过硫酸铵—亚硫酸氢钠为引发剂的木薯淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚反应.对影响接枝率和接枝效率的各反应条件进行了考察,得出反应的最佳条件为:丙烯酸淀粉(质量比)=41;过硫酸铵淀粉(质量比)=1.5%1;过硫酸铵亚硫酸氢钠(摩尔比)=31;单体中和度为70%,反应温度为35℃,反应时间为3h.此时,接枝率为19.9%,接枝效率为78.4%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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