应用拉曼光谱和裂变径迹法对关中盆地氦气成藏特征的实验研究

为了获得关中盆地氦气成藏特征,通过拉曼光谱对关中盆地的华山、宝鸡和牧护关花岗岩岩体中石英裂隙的5个包裹体样品的10个点进行分析,同时结合烃类包裹体的岩石学特征,均一温度和成分分析,结果表明该区石英裂隙中发生过两次氦气充注事件。早期包裹体主要成分为CO_2和N_2,均一温度为330~370℃,晚期次生包裹体具有明显的甲烷拉曼峰的特征,有CH_4充注,均一温度为170~230℃。在7个裂变径迹数据的约束下,中新世以来关中盆地晚期次生包裹体的形成时期为氦气成藏的主要时期。     

环县—正宁地区长9油层组流体包裹体特征及地质意义

运用ZEISS双通道荧光-透射光显微镜、雷尼绍inVia Relflex型显微拉曼光谱仪和Linkam MDS-600冷热台,对研究区长9油层组流体包裹体岩相特征、均一温度/冰点温度和古压力特征进行了研究,并结合研究区地层埋藏史、热演化史厘定了石油的充注史,恢复了长9油层组原油充注时的动力条件。结果表明,研究区长9油层组盐水包裹体和液态烃包裹体主要分布在石英颗粒内的裂隙中,其次在石英次生加大边、胶结物和穿石英颗粒的裂纹中。与油包裹体共生的盐水包裹体均一温度测试和古压力恢复结果表明,研究区长9油层组主要为长7烃源岩生烃增压驱动的一期石油充注,对应地质时间为早白垩世中晚期(105~125Ma),其中石英颗粒内裂隙中与石油包裹体共生盐水包裹体均一温度主要分布在105~130℃,古压力系数集中在1.0~1.5;石英次生加大边及胶结物中的包裹体均一温度主要分布在100~125℃,古压力系数集中在1.1~1.3;穿石英颗粒裂纹的主要分布在120~130℃,古压力系数集中在1.2~1.4;总体上充注次序为石英次生加大边及胶结物略早于石英颗粒内裂纹略早于穿石英颗粒裂纹。     

莺歌海盆地乐东10-1区黄流组储层流体包裹体特征及油气成藏期次分析

莺歌海盆地是我国南海北部海域重要的高温超压含油气盆地，乐东区黄流组砂岩储层致密，成岩作用较强，气藏具有低孔、低渗、低含气饱和度及异常高压的特点，流体包裹体记录了油气充注时的古流体信息，能够为油气成藏时间及成藏规律研究提供科学依据。本文通过对莺歌海盆地乐东10-1区黄流组砂岩样品进行镜下包裹体显微岩相学观察、包裹体类型与成分分析、包裹体均一温度与盐度测定等，研究黄流组砂岩储层的成岩特征及油气包裹体发育特征，结合其他地质条件综合分析油气成藏期次。结果表明：乐东10-1区黄流组砂岩成岩先后顺序主要为次生加大石英、方解石（白云石）胶结物；黄流组砂岩储层中包裹体比较发育，主要沿切穿石英颗粒及加大边微裂隙成带状分布、或碳酸岩胶结物中分布，以纯CH4、CH4和CO2的混合成分为主；砂岩成岩期后主要有两期天然气充注过程，与天然气伴生的含烃盐水包裹体均一温度相差不大，LD10-1-A井黄流组均一温度主要分布在160-165 ℃和>175 ℃，这与该区生烃时间较晚、晚期流体持续充注以及晚期底辟幕式活动有关系，结合构造演化史、埋藏史及生烃史等分析，乐东10-1区黄流组油气成藏时间普遍较晚，主要为1.4 Ma±和0.9 Ma至今。     

苏里格气田西区盒8段储层流体包裹体特征与成藏期次

通过单偏光显微镜观察、激光拉曼光谱分析及显微测温,对苏里格气田西区16口井50块盒8段储层流体包裹体样品进行了综合测试分析,总结了流体包裹体的岩相学特征,并依据流体成分将包裹体细分为6种类型。分别测试了不同层位、不同产状内与烃类包裹体伴生的盐水包裹体的均一温度、盐度。结果显示:盒8段储层伴生盐水包裹体的均一温度分布在90～180℃,温度主频段分布在120～170℃;石英次生加大边中的伴生盐水包裹体主峰温度比愈合裂隙及微裂隙中的略低,且不存在明显界限。在包裹体均一温度、盐度分析的基础上,结合研究区埋藏史-热史-生烃史,认为苏里格气田西区盒8段天然气为一期成藏,成藏期可依据伴生盐水包裹体均一温度分布特征划分为初始充注期和主充注期2个阶段。初始充注期伴生盐水包裹体均一温度区间为90～120℃,对应于220～160 Ma的中三叠世末—中侏罗世末,主充注期伴生盐水包裹体均一温度区间为120～170℃,对应于160～100 Ma的晚侏罗世—早白垩世末。     

延安探区山西组页岩气包裹体激光拉曼光谱组分及成藏期次

为研究鄂尔多斯盆地延安探区山西组页岩气藏的成藏期,通过对泥页岩夹层中的包裹体镜下形态观察、冷热台测温及对单包体组分激光拉曼光谱测试,研究包裹体的形态、分类、组分及均一温度等特征,借助于盆地模拟软件,使用均一温度和埋藏史热史模拟结合的方法研究页岩气成藏期次.结果表明,山西组页岩气包裹体类型主要为盐水包裹体和含烃盐水包裹体.激光拉曼光谱主要为饱和烃型拉曼光谱图、烷烃+沥青型拉曼光谱图、荧光型拉曼光谱图3种类型,说明当包裹体被捕获时,地层流体成分中含饱和烃和芳烃.包裹体有两个形成时期,结合沉积埋藏史,研究区天然气存在两期充注,第1期充注时间在208～180 Ma,为早侏罗世,是煤系烃源岩的Ⅲ型干酪根早期生成的少量液态烃+气态烃;第2期充注时间在178～125 Ma,为中侏罗世-早白垩世中期.     

塔里木盆地顺北地区中下奥陶统流体改造与油气充注耦合关系

为明确顺北地区中下奥陶统流体改造与油气充注耦合关系,通过对方解石充填物进行阴极发光、流体包裹体显微镜下观察和油包裹体及其伴生盐水包裹体均一温度测试分析,结合方解石微区原位U-Pb同位素定年开展顺北地区中下奥陶统流体改造期次及序列、油气充注期次和时期及流体改造与油气充注耦合关系研究。结果表明：一间房组和鹰山组上段均经历多期流体改造,形成了具有不同阴极发光特征的多期方解石充填物,两者区别在于鹰山组地层未经历大气水改造;油包裹体荧光显示呈现蓝绿色-蓝白色,指示原油成熟度较高,且一间房组与油包裹体共生的盐水包裹体均一温度分布范围84℃～98℃,平均均一温度92.49℃和113℃～130℃,平均均一温度119.91℃、鹰山组上段均一温度分布范围91.2℃～104℃,平均均一温度96.1℃和112.7℃～128.1℃,平均均一温度119.97℃,表明存在加里东晚期和海西晚期-印支期两期油气充注,主成藏期为海西晚期-印支期。烃类包裹体宿主矿物方解石微区原位U-Pb测试表明,其主要形成于加里东中晚期（466.8±8Ma ～ 470.6±4.5Ma）,揭示油气充注发生在加里东晚期混源流体改造形成的具备红色-橙红色阴极发光特征方解石之后。     

鄂尔多斯盆地X地区延长组长7油层组致密油藏流体包裹体特征及成藏期次

利用包裹体显微测温、显微荧光、显微红外光谱分析技术,结合埋藏史和热史模拟分析,探讨了鄂尔多斯盆地东南部X地区延长组长7油层组成藏期次.结果表明:研究区长7油层组主要发育两期油气包裹体,第1期油气包裹体沿石英颗粒次生加大内侧分布,或沿未切及石英颗粒次生加大边的成岩微裂缝,或成群、成带分布于长石颗粒内等,同期石油包裹体成分中长链烷烃质量分数相对较高,成熟度较低,同期盐水包裹体均一温度峰值为80~100℃;第2期油气包裹体沿切穿石英或长石颗粒的晚期微裂缝成线状或带状分布,同期石油包裹体成分中长链烷烃质量分数相对较低,成熟度较高,同期盐水包裹体均一温度峰值为85~100℃.综合分析认为研究区延长组长7油层组存在2期成藏,分别为早白垩世中晚期的大规模石油成藏和晚白垩世晚期到古近纪早期的晚期构造抬升调整成藏.     

陇东地区侏罗系油藏包裹体特征及其成藏期次分析

陇东地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南部,横跨西缘冲断带及天环均陷两个构造单元。本文借助流体包裹体特征分析、均一化温度,定量颗粒荧光(QGF、QGF-E)分析技术,开展陇东地区侏罗系油藏包裹体的综合研究,揭示了陇东地区侏罗系油藏形成时间、油藏包裹体与成藏的关系。研究结果表明:陇东地区侏罗系油藏延长组储层中存在两期油气包裹体,油气包裹体沿石英颗粒次生加大内侧分布,或沿石英颗粒未切及的次生加大边的成岩微裂缝,工区内侏罗系均一温度表现出两期成藏的特点:第一次成藏的温度在100～120℃之间,第二次成藏温度在130～150℃之间。研究区一期成藏时间为晚侏罗到早白垩,二期为早白垩晚期。     

利用流体包裹体研究油气成藏期次--以塔里木盆地英南2井为例

以塔里木盆地英南2井气藏为例，用流体包裹体进行油气成藏期次的研究。镜下观察流体包裹体，并对与烃类共生的盐水包裹体进行均一化温度和冰融点测试，进行油气藏成藏期的分析。流体包裹体分析表明英南2井气藏多为气态烃包裹体，大部分存在于石英次生加大边中，共生的盐水包裹体的均一化温度集中且接近现今井温，对比埋藏史得出：天然气是在近10Ma时一次性充注成藏。     

鄂尔多斯盆地中部上古生界流体包裹体特征及油气充注史

通过流体包裹体显微岩相学观察、均一温度和冰点温度测定、激光拉曼光谱分析,结合单井埋藏史、热史和成熟度史模拟,分析鄂尔多斯盆地中部上古生界油气充注历史。结果表明:研究区次生流体包裹体可划分为3大类、7个亚类,烃类和CO_2包裹体发育序列为黄色荧光烃包裹体→蓝色荧光烃包裹体→CO_2气包裹体→甲烷气包裹体;上古生界烃源岩在盆地南部最早进入生烃阶段,演化程度也最高,从南向北,烃源岩进入生烃的时间依次变晚,演化程度也逐渐降低;上古生界储集层主要经历两期油气充注,中晚三叠世,盆地中南部开始进入生油阶段,原油在中侏罗世早期充注到陕360和苏325地区,形成发蓝色荧光和少量黄色荧光的液态烃包裹体,未能形成工业性油藏,早白垩世中期,大量天然气生成,由南向北充注到伊陕斜坡北部,且持续到早白垩世晚期构造抬升之前,形成多个大规模工业性气藏。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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