基于随机振动环境归纳的车辆设备疲劳寿命估计

针对车辆设备疲劳寿命估计时的复杂振动环境特点,提出一种适用于车辆设备的随机振动环境归纳方法,并基于此归纳方法给出了一种车辆设备疲劳寿命估计流程。通过参数假设检验合并振动环境数据,估计样本的容差上限,得到实测谱和规范谱。以某型地铁车辆轴箱吊耳疲劳断裂为例,对实测应力进行统计分析,并将实测谱和规范谱作为激励,仿真计算吊耳的疲劳寿命。结果表明,相比于实测应力下的疲劳结果,实测谱和规范谱的仿真结果的相对误差分别为1.8%和4.1%,证明提出的振动环境归纳方法及疲劳寿命估计方法可靠性高,可为实际工程应用提供参考。     

润扬大桥悬索桥小波包能量谱识别的环境变异性

对润扬大桥悬索桥结构的实测加速度响应进行了小波包分析,详细地考察了环境激励下悬索桥实测小波包能量谱的环境变异性.分析结果表明,实际环境条件(交通荷载、环境温度和台风荷载)与悬索桥实测小波包能量谱存在较为明显的相关性,主要表现为环境温度的变化对小波包能量谱的影响是长期性的趋势,而交通荷载的影响则由于荷载的非平稳性呈现瞬时的颤动变化.实测数据的分析结果进一步表明,环境温度和台风作用对于小波包能量谱的影响规律存在着较为明显的差异.相比模态频率而言,利用小波包能量谱可以更敏感地发现大跨悬索桥结构的振动特性变化.因此,基于小波包能量谱的结构损伤预警参数更适合于环境振动测试下的大跨悬索桥整体状态监测.     

基于可靠性试验的飞机振动环境测试与数据处理

飞机振动响应采用计算手段确定存在较大的误差,为保证飞机机载产品可靠性试验的有效性,相关国、军标准推荐优先使用实测振动应力．为准确合理地确定可靠性振动应力,对某型号飞机进行了全机振动环境数据的实测、处理与归纳,提出了基于可靠性试验的环境数据处理方法．利用动压作回归参数,对实测数据进行归纳,得到了较高拟合优度的结果,有较强的工程适用性．     

形态谱在发电机组故障趋势分析中的应用

为了分析发电机组振动信号在能量和波形方面的细小变化,从而反映发电机组的早期故障趋势,提出了基于数学形态谱的故障特征量.通过多刻度数学形态学运算,提取振动信号的形态谱,并对形态谱作统计分析,获得了形态谱偏态因子与裕度,其结果能较好地反映振动信号的细微变化.形态谱偏态因子与裕度比传统的振动通频与烈度能更好地反映发电机组的故障发展趋势.     

跳跃荷载下大跨楼盖的振动加速度反应谱

利用实测92人次506条跳跃荷载记录,计算每条记录的单自由度系统加速度峰值及10s和1s移动均方根峰值等反应谱曲线,并在此基础上提出了面向工程设计的反应谱表达式.由试验数据的分析获得了不同阻尼比和保证率下的反应谱参数及不同响应代表值间的转换关系.结合振型分解反应谱思想,可由建议反应谱计算单人跳跃下楼盖的动力响应.通过与模型试验和工程实测的对比验证了反应谱方法的可行性,可用于楼盖的振动舒适度设计.     

基于结构健康监测的苏通大桥实测强风演变功率谱

对基于小波变换的非平稳时间序列演变功率谱密度函数的估计方法进行了总结.以苏通大桥结构健康监测系统实测的台风达维、海葵以及冬季强北风数据为研究对象,基于Morlet小波计算了上述3个实测典型强风的演变功率谱密度函数.实测风演变谱在时域内的均值与傅里叶谱吻合良好,验证了演变谱估计结果的准确性.实测强风的演变功率谱分析结果表明,脉动风的能量主要集中在低频部分,且脉动风速功率谱随时间变化显著,具有较强的非平稳特性.基于平稳随机过程假设的传统风谱计算方法无法准确描述实测强风风谱的非平稳特征.研究结论可为桥址区三维非平稳脉动风场的准确模拟以及强/台风作用下苏通大桥的非平稳抖振分析提供实测参考.     

AR模型应用于振动信号趋势预测的研究

振动信号的趋势预测是设备状态监测与故障诊断中的一个重要内容。论文提出采用时间序列ＡＲ模型进行趋势预测。将现场测得的非平稳振动序列通过ＡＲＩＭＡ模型和标准化处理,转化成标准正态平稳时间序列。模型参数估计使用了方法简单、参数估计无偏、精度高的最小二乘法。通过现场实测数据进行验证,计算结果表明ＡＲ模型能够很好地拟合振动信号时间序列并取得了一定的预测精度,可以达到预测要求。     

高架交通沿线地面环境振动测试频域分析

为综合研究城市交通所引起的环境振动问题,对基于广州火车站附近高架路诱发进行了沿线地面振动的现场实测;通过对实测数据在频域内进行深入分析,总结出高架路诱发环境振动在频域内的分布特点和传播规律,在最小二乘准则条件下,给出了更加符合环境振动实际传播特征的竖向加速度振级经验衰减公式.结果表明:高架路诱发环境振动和动车组诱发环境振动均呈现脉冲响应特征;高架路诱发环境振动随距桥墩距离增加,脉冲响应特征快速消失;功率谱密度曲线表明随着距离的增加,竖向加速度的频率范围越来越窄,高频成分所占比例越来越小,在15 m处高架路诱发环境振动的高频区域有放大现象,存在局部振动放大区域.与传统振级经验衰减公式相比,文章提出的环境振动振级经验衰减公式更能反映实际环境振动的传播特点.     

基于高速轮轴实测载荷的非参数拟合外推研究

以高速动车组动车轮轴动应力线路实测数据为依据,通过载荷与应变之间的关系,结合包络线的方法,得到实时的轮轴载荷,并编制实测轮轴载荷谱.对实测的高速轮轴载荷谱进行了非参数核密度估计的拟合外推分析,对比了固定带宽核密度和自适应带宽核密度两种方法的极值预测结果以及扩展载荷谱与实测载荷谱的损伤差值,并讨论了外推倍数对两种方法的影响.结果表明:自适应带宽核密度法预测的极值和频次更接近于实测值,损伤误差更小,由有限数据外推高频次数据的精度更高,更适合于高速轮轴载荷谱的外推,并初步验证了拟合外推方法的合理性.     

侧铣加工振动与表面轮廓形成

提出了一种准确在线测量铣削刀具和工件振动位移的方法;建立了考虑振动影响的侧铣表面微观形貌形成模型,并利用实测振动位移仿真了工件表面微观轮廓;研究了振动在工件表明轮廓形成中的作用.结果表明,文中提出的方法可有效在线测试切削振动,利用实测振动数据仿真获得的被加工面的微观形貌与实测结果相吻合,同时在给定的切削参数条件下,振动是微观轮廓形成的主要因素.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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