水泥砂浆应变率效应研究

为分析试件长径比和应变率对水泥砂浆动态力学性能的影响规律,采用准静态实验测量了砂浆的单轴压缩强度、弹性模量以及泊松比.利用分离式SHPB压杆进行1维应力压缩实验,对水泥砂浆试件进行了回收和比较,获得了不同长径比水泥砂浆试样在不同加载速率下的动态损伤破坏过程和应力应变曲线,研究了动态强度增强因子随应变率的变化规律.结果表明:动态压缩强度随应变率的增加而显著增大;试件直径相同时,厚度小的获得的动态强度增强因子要小于厚度大的;随着应变率提高,试件损伤增加,碎块尺寸越小,表明破坏能量随应变率的增加而提高.      

超高韧性水泥基复合材料与活性粉末混凝土动态性能研究

研究超高韧性水泥基复合材料（UHTCC）及活性粉末混凝土（RPC）在不同冲击荷载下的动态劈裂强度、拉压比、能量吸收量以及破坏状态.试验采用Ф80 mm的分离式霍普金森压杆以5组不同的冲击速度,打击UHTCC和RPC的平台巴西圆盘试样.研究结果表明：两组材料的动态劈裂强度随着应变率的上升而上升,具有明显的应变率敏感性,RPC的动态劈裂强度约为UHTCC的1.35倍;不同冲击荷载下两组材料的动态能量吸收量相近.     

红砂岩巴西劈裂强度和极限应变的尺寸效应

为研究红砂岩中巴西劈裂强度和破坏极限应变的尺寸效应,试验采用了直径50mm,高度分别为20、25、30、35、40、45、50mm等7组不同厚度的红砂岩圆盘试件进行巴西劈裂试验,同时在试件圆盘中央黏贴应变片监测试件加载直至破坏过程中的横向应变、纵向应变。试验发现,不同厚度下的红砂岩试件所得巴西劈裂抗拉强度不同,试验回归分析了红砂岩中巴西劈裂抗拉强度与厚度的关系,在20~30mm厚度范围内,劈拉强度随厚度的增加而增大,在30~50mm范围内,劈拉强度随厚度增加而无明显变化。     

水灰比对水泥砂浆高应变率下动态抗压力学性能影响的试验研究

为了研究水灰比对高应变率下水泥砂浆动态抗压力学性能的影响,利用分离式Hopkinsin压杆(SHPB)装置对不同水灰比(0.4、0.5和0.6)的水泥砂浆试件进行了单轴动态抗压试验研究;应变率范围为(39.4～209.4)s-1。同时进行了静态加载试验。试验结果表明,水泥砂浆的单轴抗压强度随着应变率的增大而增大,随水灰比增大,动态抗压强度值随应变率提高而增大的越缓慢;动态抗压强度提高因子DIF随应变率的增加而增大的速度随着水灰比的增加而降低。高应变率下,水泥砂浆试件的峰值压应变与极限压应变随着应变率的增大而增大,水灰比对峰值压应变值与极限压应变值的影响不大。     

考虑岩石交界面方向效应的巴西劈裂试验研究

为了研究硬岩与软岩交界面方向对其破坏形式的影响,对含岩石-水泥砂浆(代替软岩)交界面的组合试样进行了多组加载角度的巴西劈裂试验,获得了不同交界面方向的组合试样的"抗拉"强度,并利用颗粒流程序PFC2D研究了交界面的破坏机理.计算得到的"抗拉"强度随交界面与加载方向夹角的增大而增大.当交界面平行于加载方向时,沿交界面发生劈裂破坏,计算得到的"抗拉"强度可认为是交界面的抗拉强度;当交界面与加载方向不平行时,发生更为复杂的拉―剪复合破坏.此外,为了进一步分析交界面的抗拉强度对破坏形式的影响,采用提高水泥用量和增大交界面粗糙度两种方法增加交界面的抗拉强度,并进行了一系列试验.试验得到了含交界面的巴西劈裂试验的典型破坏模式分布图,对更好地理解硬岩与软岩交界面的破坏形式具有指导意义.     

岩石巴西圆盘的SHPB试验分析

为了研究花岗岩、千枚岩、磁铁石英岩不同应变率下三种岩石的拉伸敏感系数、弹性模量、能量耗散特征和破坏方式的变化规律,利用霍普金森试验装置对三种岩石进行动态平台巴西圆盘劈裂拉伸试验,试验结果表明:三种岩石的拉伸敏感系数随应变率的提高而增大,且应变率对拉伸敏感系数存在突变阈值;千枚岩和磁铁石英岩的弹性模量随应变率的增加而增大,花岗岩的弹性模量在应变率达到247.1 s-1以后基本不变;入射能、反射能、吸收能随着应变率的提高而增加,但试件吸收的能量相对于入射能是减小的,而透射能基本保持不变;三种岩石均沿加载直径方向劈裂,由中心起裂,满足了巴西圆盘试验的有效性,当应变率较大时,会在试样的加载端部的三角区出现粉碎区.     

高强混凝土巴西圆盘动态劈裂试验

以圆形紫铜片作为波形整形器,利用直径100 mm的霍普金森压杆装置,研究了不同弹速冲击下高强混凝土平台巴西圆盘试件的动态拉伸强度,得到了高强混凝土在冲击作用下的劈裂强度、破坏模式和应力时程曲线。试验结果表明:随着冲击应变率的提高,高强混凝土试件的动态劈裂强度和破坏程度不断增大,具有显著的应变率敏感性。高速冲击荷载下的混凝土断面区较为光滑,裂缝直接穿过石子导致试样断裂。     

冲击荷载下角焊缝动态强度试验研究

对焊喉处受拉和受剪两种受力状态的角焊缝连接件进行动态拉伸试验,研究冲击荷载作用下受力状态对角焊缝破坏形态、断面角度、极限强度的影响规律.并通过与静态力学性能比较发现,动态冲击荷载作用下,角焊缝受拉和受剪极限强度均明显提高,即动态应变率效应显著;受拉角焊缝的破坏面角度均为45°,与静力试验结果(90°左右)有显著差异.角焊缝受拉下的应变率效应比受剪时明显,且角焊缝动态极限强度增大系数随应变率的影响规律与以往文献试验结果一致.     

混凝土动态劈裂试验中的惯性效应研究

在商业有限元软件中采用应变率不敏感的材料本构模型对巴西圆盘动态劈裂试验进行了数值模拟,研究了不同厚径比以及平台巴西圆盘中平台角度对动态抗拉强度的影响。分析表明,动态劈裂试验中惯性效应对抗拉强度有比较大的影响,且惯性效应与试件尺寸、平台角度以及应变率有关。所得结果将为巴西圆盘动态劈裂试验设计提供参考,通过与试验数据的对比,可得到材料真实的应变率效应。     

混凝土冲击拉伸力学性能及裂纹扩展试验研究和数值模拟

为真实反映混凝土材料劈裂拉伸力学性能,基于应变片法采用分离式霍普金森压杆对混凝土平台巴西圆盘试件进行了劈裂拉伸试验,研究了不同加载角对试件起裂方式及破坏模式的影响,并对试件破坏过程进行了扩展有限元模拟,同时与试验结果进行了对比分析,得到用于测试混凝土拉伸力学性能的最优加载角.基于此得到动态劈拉下3种不同强度混凝土的劈裂拉伸应力-径向应变曲线及抗拉强度、极限应变、拉伸敏感系数等参数的应变率效应.结果表明:20°加载角可以保证圆盘在中心起裂,用于测试混凝土劈裂拉伸性能最为可靠.在高应变率下,混凝土动态力学参数均具有明显的应变率效应,裂纹沿试件受力方向扩展、贯通直至试件沿加载直径方向劈裂为两半,破坏面表现为骨料破坏,与数值模拟结果一致.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that