基于切片映射张量分析的高光谱图像压缩

高光谱图像拥有着巨大的数据量,给数据的存储和传输带来了巨大的压力,因此高光谱图像的有效压缩具有重要的实际意义.基于在传统的Tucker张量分解方法,提出一种基于切片映射的张量分解方法,并将其用于高光谱图像的压缩.该方法不仅消除了高光谱图像波段间的谱间冗余,还消除了每个波段上的空间冗余.所提议方法的最大特点是对传统的高光谱图像数据张量逼近方法进行了GLRAM算法三维推广的改进,使其计算复杂度显著减小,从而有效缩短了高光谱图像的压缩时间.同时,在一定的压缩比的情况下,通过所提议的方法可以查询找到一个最佳的核心张量的维度——(K_1,K_2,K_3),使其信噪比达到最大.真实高光谱数据的实验结果表明,所提议的算法较现有方法表现出了更好的压缩效果,并且具有很高的信噪比.     

基于Shearlet变换和KPCA的多时相遥感图像变化检测

为了进一步提高多时相遥感图像变化检测的精度,本文提出了一种将Shearlet变换与核主成分分析(kernel principal component analysis,KPCA)相结合用于遥感图像变化检测的算法.首先利用Shearlet变换的多尺度、多方向和各向异性等特点,对遥感图像进行多尺度分解,然后对分解后的数据进行核主成分分析,再进行Shearlet反变换得到含变化信息的图像,最后对该图像利用模糊局部信息C均值(fuzzy local information c-means,FLICM)聚类算法进行分割,实现遥感图像的变化检测.大量试验结果表明,与基于主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、基于KPCA、基于小波变换和PCA 3种变化检测算法相比,本文算法能有效地分离出变化信息,得到更准确的变化检测图像,具有更高的变化检测精度,且对背景有较强的鲁棒性,同时也减少了计算复杂度.     

非负矩阵分解算法在遥感图像融合中的应用

研究了非负矩阵分解(NMF)方法在遥感图像融合中的几种应用.在多光谱图像与全色图像融合的过程中,采用了非负矩阵分解融合算法,非负矩阵分解与主成分结合(N_PCA)的融合算法,非负矩阵分解与提升小波变换结合的融合算法,通过对各融合图像的目视判定及统计参数判定,分析评价这些算法在遥感图像融合中的性能差异.研究实验证明非负矩阵分解算法应用于遥感图像融合处理,具有较好的融合效果,非负矩阵分解算法,非负矩阵分解与主成分结合的融合算法,非负矩阵分解与提升小波变换结合的融合算法在遥感图像融合中的性能优于传统的主成分融合算法(PCA),其中,非负矩阵分解与提升小波变换结合的融合算法的性能最为优异.     

基于张量Tucker分解的彩色图像压缩

传统图像压缩方法基于向量数据进行压缩处理,破坏了高维数据的空间本征结构。为了克服传统方法的不足,本文提出了将彩色图像表示成高维数据张量( )形式,利用张量Tucker分解,取分解后的最大子张量及其对应的特征向量,并将其进行量化编码实现图像压缩。大量实验结果表明,在相同压缩比下,本文压缩后重构图像的峰值信噪比（PSNR）与传统JPEG压缩方法相比具有较大优势,并且在视觉上本文方法重构图像的颜色信息损失量较小。     

小波包变换及其在数字水印算法中的应用

在对小波包变换进行分析的基础上,将其应用在图像数字水印算法中.首先对图像进行小波包分解,并根据视觉感知特性将作为水印的二值图像嵌入到分解后的高频分量中,然后进行小波包重构得到嵌入水印的图像.实验表明,应用基于小波包变换的水印算法处理的图像能够经受常规的图像算法攻击,具有较强的鲁棒性和实用性.     

基于小波包分解的数字图像水印

利用Shannon熵准则选取最优小波包基,分别对原始图像和水印图像进行小波包分解,把水印数据嵌入选定的原始图像小波包基中.实验结果表明,该算法水印信息嵌入量大,不可感知性好,对JPEG压缩有较好的鲁棒性.     

基于小波包变换的三维荧光光谱数据压缩方法

基于db小波包变换,采用频率分级阈值方法对三维荧光光谱数据进行了压缩。建立了数据的小波包分解树,根据对数能量熵最小原则确定最优树,通过频率分级阈值方法对最优树中的小波包系数进行压缩,并且用实验获取的数据加以验证。实验结果表明,和小波变换相比小波包变换能够更有效地保留数据的细节信息。通过和其他阈值法比较可知,频率分级阈值法具有更好的压缩率和数据恢复能力,其压缩分数达到90%,恢复分数大于98%,谱线相对误差小于1%。平行因子分析重构光谱与原始光谱的结果表明,小波包压缩能有效保留有用信息。     

Curvelet变换在人脸识别中的应用研究

针对小波只能反映信号的点奇异性,无法实现人脸图像面部轮廓和五官曲线信息的最优稀疏表示,提出了一种基于第2代Curvelet的人脸识别算法.通过对人脸图像进行第2代Curvelet变换,分解得到表征人脸基本信息的低频系数,再利用双向2维主成分分析((2D)2PCA)进行降维,并结合最近邻算法进行人脸识别.以ORL人脸数据库进行试验,结果表明:与基于小波变换的算法相比,该算法具有更高识别率和更短的识别时间.     

基于小波系数相关性的纹理图像快速修复算法

为了实现纹理图像的快速修复,在传统样本块修复算法的基础上,提出了一种基于小波系数相关性的图像修复算法.简要论述了纹理图像各小波变换系数的相关性特点;根据图像分解后小波系数高频成分较少、主要信息均集中在低频分量以及各分量对应位置的信息具有一致性的特点,算法首先对破损图像进行小波分解,然后利用最优样本块匹配的方法对低频分量进行修复,同时实现其他分量对应位置信息的修复,最终通过小波合成完成纹理图像的修复.仿真实验结果表明,在修复效果无明显差异的基础上,该算法比原方法的处理时间大为缩短.     

基于高提升滤波与àtrous小波分解的遥感图像融合算法

针对àtrous小波分解过程中的细节损失以及融合结果边缘模糊等问题,提出一种基于高提升滤波和àtrous小波分解的遥感图像融合算法.首先,利用àtrous小波变换得到第一层小波面,然后将获取的小波面作为非锐化模板进行高提升滤波,最后将滤波后的影像作为高频分量参与àtrous小波重构得到融合图像.基于北京地区的高分一号影像进行了算法验证,结果表明本算法优于传统小波域中的图像融合算法,对于城镇等建筑密度比较高的地区,融合后的影像保留了更多的细节信息,可以更好地支持城市变化检测和城市土地利用分析等方面的应用研究.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.