离子液体中核苷类似物的合成

核苷类似物因其特殊的结构和良好的生物活性,在药物化学领域中占有重要的地位.核苷类似物的高效和绿色合成是有机化学和药物化学的重要研究内容,本文着重介绍了在离子液体中具有重要生物活性的几种核苷类似物,如D4T,BVDU等的合成研究,并与经典的合成方法作了对比分析,结果表明用离子液体作介质的合成反应具有独特的优势.     

酸性离子液体［BMIM］HSO4的合成及其物化性能

 以N-甲基咪唑为原料合成了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐(［BMIM］HSO₄)室温离子液体, 对产物进行了表征, 测定了相关物化性能, 如密度、表面张力、黏度、电导率等,并考察了该离子液体的溶剂性能。实验发现, 该离子液体电导率与常见离子液体电导率相当,并符合Arrhenius方程, 密度、表面张力、黏度均随温度升高而减小。该离子液体与多数常规溶剂互溶, 并对金属氧化物具有一定的溶解度, 为在离子液体中直接电解金属氧化物奠定了基础。     

离子液体中氮杂环化合物的合成研究进展

离子液体是一类性能优异、用途广泛的溶剂,在诸多领域具有独特的性质,已经在有机合成领域得到广泛的应用。总结了近年来离子液体在氮杂环化合物合成中的研究进展。     

Use of Ionic Liquid as Green Catalyst, Reagent as Well as Reaction Medium in Chemical Transformations

1 Introduction The toxic and volatile nature of many organic solvents, particularly chlorinated hydrocarbons that are widely used in organic synthesis have posed a serious threat to the environment. Thus, design of organic solvent-free reaction and use of alternative green solvents like water, supercritical fluids, and ionic liquids have received tremendous attention in recent times in the area of green synthesis. The ionic liquids have been the subject of considerable current interest as envi…     

离子液体及其在化学中的应用

主要介绍了离子液体及其发展概况,归纳了离子液体作为溶剂的优越性质,概述了离子液体在化学反应、分离纯化和电化学中的应用,说明离子液体的独特性能对推进绿色化学化工的重要意义。     

Synthesis of Novel Nanocomposites of Silica and Guar Gum:Efficient Zinc Ion Binder

1 Results Adsorption using commercial activated carbon (CAC)[1] can remove heavy metals from wastewater[2-4].However,CAC remains an expensive material for heavy metal removal.Ion exchange techniques are also used but it generates volumetric sludge and increases the cost[5].Using naturally occurring seed polysaccharides can solve these problems but their solubility in water limits its application as an adsorbent.Guar gum is a commercially available,industrially important[6-7] polysaccharide material havi...     

[BF4]、[PF6]离子液体及其与DMF二元体系在293.15～353.15K下的密度和体积性质

为获得离子液体与有机物物理性质的数据,常压下,293.15～353.15K温度范围内,分别测定了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([bmim][BF4])、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([bmim][PF6])2种咪唑类离子液体以及它们和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)构成的2个二元体系的密度。利用实验数据计算了溶液的超额摩尔体积(VE),结果均为负值,表明离子液体与DMF之间存在离子-偶极作用和填隙效应。分别用一次线性方程和二次多项式方程关联出密度随温度和DMF浓度的变化关系,结果比较满意。     

Electrochemical properties of room temperature ionic liquids incorporating BF4^- and TFSI^- anions as green electrolytes

Two series of room temperature ionic liquids, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 1-alkyl- 3-methylimidazolium bis（trifluoromethylsulfonyl）imide （n = 2--4） as electrolytes were prepared and fundamental electrochemical properties of the neat ionic liquids and those mixed with an organic solvent （EC-DMC-DEC, 1 ： 1 ： 1, mass ratio） were investigated. It was found that the Arrhenius equation is approximately fit for the relationship between conductivity and temperature for neat ionic liquids within lower temperature range （298--323 K）. The VTF interpretation describes the conductivity temperature dependence for the ionic liquids containing tetrafluoroborate anion more accurately than those containing bis（trifluoromethylsulfonyl）imide anion within wider temperature range. The potential windows are approximately 4.0 V for all these ionic liquids. Conductivities of the mixed electrolytes show a maximum value as the solution concentrations increase.     

Preparation of PVDF/TiO_2 Electrospun Membranes and its Application as Separators for Lithium-ion Batteries

1 Results Microporous PVDF-based membranes could be used as polymer matrix due to its good ionic conductivity and high electrochemical stability in the organic electrolyte[1,2].Fig.1 SEM image of PVDF/TiO2 membraneIt was reported that the ionic conductivity of microporous PVDF-based membranes could be improved by filling with Al2O3 nanoparticles[3].In this paper,electrospinning was employed to prepare microporous PVDF/TiO2 membranes and tetrabutyl titanate was used as original source of TiO2 to improve...     

Ionic liquids and eutectic mixtures as solvent and template in synthesis of zeolite analogues

The challenges associated with synthesizing porous materials mean that new classes of zeolites (zeotypes)-such as aluminosilicate zeolites and zeolite analogues-together with new methods of preparing known zeotypes, continue to be of great importance. Normally these materials are prepared hydrothermally with water as the solvent in a sealed autoclave under autogenous pressure. The reaction mixture usually includes an organic template or 'structure-directing agent' that guides the synthesis pathway towards particular structures. Here we report the preparation of aluminophosphate zeolite analogues by using ionic liquids and eutectic mixtures. An imidazolium-based ionic liquid acts as both solvent and template, leading to four zeotype frameworks under different experimental conditions. The structural characteristics of the materials can be traced back to the solvent chemistry used. Because of the vanishingly low vapour pressure of ionic liquids, synthesis takes place at ambient pressure, eliminating safety concerns associated with high hydrothermal pressures. The ionic liquid can also be recycled for further use. A choline chloride/urea eutectic mixture is also used in the preparation of a new zeotype framework.     

离子液体与有机物溶解性的理论研究及应用进展

离子液体作为一种新型绿色溶剂,具有比传统溶剂更加优良的特性.对不同有机物在离子液体中的溶解规律和离子液体作为溶质在不同类型有机溶剂中的溶解性进行了归纳,讨论了其目前理论和应用研究进展.     

室温离子液体及其在绿色化学中的应用

~~烷基取代咪唑阳离子 (图 1 )研究最多 ,表 1总结了近年来开发研究的此类阳离子的种类及结构 .可以组成室温离子液体的阴离子 ,目前的研究除 Al Cl4-,NO2 -和干燥时易爆的 NO3 -,Cl O4-外 ,含氟阴离子为多 ,主要有 :BF4-,PF6-,As F6-,Sb F6-,F ( HF ) n-,CF3 SO3 -,CF3 CF2 CF2 CF2 SO3 -,( CF3 SO2 ) 2 N-,( CF3 SO2 ) 3 C-,CF3 COO-,CF3 CF2 CF2 COO-等 .图 1　烷基取代咪唑阳离子　　由各种阳离子和各种阴离子组合 ,可以得到一系列特性各异的室温离子液体 ,目前已报道的多为由表 1所示的烷基咪唑阳离子和含氟阴…     

离子液体在有机合成中的应用

离子液体是在常温及附近温度下为液体的离子物质,由于其具有不易燃、不挥发、可以重复使用、对环境友好等特性,因而是一类良好的有机溶剂.在离子液体中进行的反应比在传统有机溶剂中进行的反应更快、更容易.通过选择合适的离子液体,可以提高反应产率和减少副产物的生成.因此,在有机合成中具有广阔的应用前景.     

室温离子液体在无机纳米材料合成中的应用进展

室温离子液体作为一种新型的绿色环保溶剂,近年来已经成为研究热点.文章简要介绍了室温离子液的优点及在电化学、有机合成、聚合反应等方面的应用,重点介绍了室温离子液的类型、合成方法,详细论述了室温离子液在无机合成应用中的具体进展,指出了室温离子液体在无机合成中的发展方向.     

离子液体及其在偶联反应中的应用

离子液体易于循环利用从而减少对环境的污染，已从许多实验得到证实。而离子液体中的偶联反应是合成C-C键最有效方法之一，近几年来一直是催化化学和有机合成的研究热点。本文简要介绍离子液体的分类、物理化学特性、合成，及离子液体在偶联反应中的应用。     

胆碱类离子液体对药物分子的溶解及萃取性能

合成了基于胆碱骨架的几种离子液体[N1,1,nC2OH]Tf2N(n=4,6,8,10),并对其进行了表征.研究了非那西汀、布洛芬和吲哚美辛在纯离子液体中的溶解性能,之后用这些离子液体作萃取剂,讨论了药物分子在离子液体-水两相中的分配规律,结果表明几种药物分子可以有效地被离子液体所萃取,而且随着离子液体烷基链的增加其萃取效率逐渐增大.     

Physical Properties of [AMIM] Cl with Different Organic Solvents to Account for Underlying Interactions

In order to understand the interactions of the mixtures of ionic liquids with different organic solvents,density,conductivity and refractive index have been investigated for binary mixtures of 1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride( [AMIM]Cl) with acetonitrile,ethanol,and dimethyl sulfoxide( DMSO) at 298. 15 K. Density and refractive index were found to increase with increasing [AMIM]Cl concentration. Conductivity was found to increase initially by the addition of [AMIM]Cl. However,as the amount of [AMIM]Cl increases,a gradual decrease in conductivity of the mixtures has been observed. The resultant properties were caused by subsequent ion-ion and / or ion-solvent interactions depending on the extent of polarity,dielectric constants and miscibility of organic solvents being used.     

Supramolecular science： A new way to understand the matter world

After over 20 years‘ rapid development, supramolecular chemistry has exceeded the original realm of organic host-guest chemistry, and formed its own unique concepts and systems, such as molecular recognition, molecular self-assembly, supramolecular devices and materials. These branches have organized into a charming     

Separations of Metal Ions Using Ionic Liquids： The Challenges of Multiple Mechanisms

Introduction Ionic liquids (ILs) are proving to be increasingly inter-esting fluids for application in soft-matter materialssystems from electrochemistry to energetic materialsand are also studied as potential solvents in separationprocesses[1-19]. Proper…     

吡啶硝酸盐与醇二元混合体系物化性能研究

采用MDY-2电子密度仪和德国DCAT21全自动表面张力仪,在298.15K下测定了离子液体N-丁基吡啶硝酸盐(N-butylpyridinium nitrate,[BuPy]NO3)与有机溶剂甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇在全浓度范围内(离子液体在有机溶剂中的摩尔分数为0～1)的密度和表面张力,计算了二元体系{[BuPy]NO3+CH3OH},{[BuPy]NO3+C2H5OH}和{[BuPy]NO3+C4H9OH}的超额摩尔体积VE和表面张力偏差δγ,分别利用Redlich-Kister方程对二元体系的超额摩尔体积VE和表面张力偏差δγ进行了拟合。结果表明:二元体系{[BuPy]NO3+CH3OH}和{[BuPy]NO3+C2H5OH}的超额摩尔体积VE在全摩尔组成范围内均为负值,而{[BuPy]NO3+C4H9OH}二元体系在低离子液体摩尔分数时为正值,随着离子液体摩尔分数的增大由正值变为负值。在全摩尔组成范围内,{[BuPy]NO3+CH3OH}的表面张力偏差δγ为正值,{[BuPy]NO3+C2H5OH}和{[BuPy]NO3+C4H9OH}的δγ为负值,随着醇碳链的增长,表面张力偏差出现由正到负的变化趋势。