内蒙古林西三叠纪花岗岩中黑云母地球化学特征及成岩意义

关于内蒙古林西地区早中生代岩浆岩产出的构造背景尚有争议。作者选择林西地区早三叠世新林镇花岗闪长岩和晚三叠世四力本黑云母花岗岩为研究对象,在岩相学研究的基础上,利用电子探针对花岗岩中黑云母的化学成分进行分析,探讨岩石成因和成岩大地构造背景。研究表明:新林镇花岗闪长岩中的黑云母为镁质黑云母,四力本黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母为铁叶黑云母,总体均显示富铁(TFeO质量分数为22.81%~36.65%)、贫镁(MgO质量分数为2.44%~10.56%)的特征。新林镇花岗闪长岩成岩温度为785~805℃,压力为5.39~8.88MPa,lgfO_2为-13.2~-13.8,属造山带钙碱性花岗岩;岩浆物质以壳源为主,兼具幔源特征,形成于早三叠世碰撞造山阶段。四力本黑云母花岗岩成岩温度为690~710℃,lgfO_2为-16.3~-17.1,为非造山带碱性花岗岩;花岗岩的物源以壳源为主,形成于晚三叠世造山期后的演化阶段。早三叠世林西地区处于强烈的接触碰撞阶段,在晚三叠世则进入造山期后的伸展演化阶段。     

秦岭柞水岩体和东江口岩体的锆石U-Pb 年代学及其意义

柞水岩体和东江口岩体位于秦岭造山带南秦岭构造域, 主要由似斑状花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成。通过LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 同位素定年, 结合锆石阴极发光图像, 揭示柞水岩体的似斑状二长花岗岩(样品ZS01-01)存在两个谐和年龄, 分别为209±2和199±2Ma;东江口岩体似斑状二长花岗岩(样品ZS04-01)也存在两个谐和年龄, 分别为219±2 和209±2 Ma。结合前人的地球化学和区域构造背景研究, 判定这两个岩体属于同一岩浆事件的不同阶段侵位, 东江口岩体的似斑状二长花岗岩侵位结晶略早于柞水岩体, 柞水岩体主期岩浆侵位时, 东江口岩体也有同期岩浆侵位结晶。这两个岩体年龄的准确测定, 表明在219 ～199 Ma 期间沿商丹断裂有3个阶段的构造-岩浆活动。     

辽北新宾?苇子峪地区太古宙花岗质岩石的形成年代、成因及其地质意义

辽北新宾?苇子峪地区的花岗质岩石主要由英云闪长质?奥长花岗质片麻岩和二长花岗岩?正长花岗岩岩体等组成。为确定其形成年代及成因, 对这些花岗质岩石进行锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素和全岩地球化学分析。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年结果表明这些花岗质岩石均形成于新太古代, 英云闪长质和奥长花岗质片麻岩的岩浆结晶年龄分别为2588±4 Ma (MSWD=1.3)和2587±6 Ma (MSWD=1.8), 二长花岗岩?正长花岗岩则侵位于2555±4 Ma (MSWD=0.51)。全岩地球化学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究表明, 英云闪长质?奥长花岗质片麻岩形成于俯冲板片的部分熔融, 其原始岩浆在上升过程中受到地幔楔岩石的交代; 而二长花岗岩?正长花岗岩中一部分岩浆起源于变质杂砂岩的部分熔融, 其余形成于以变质玄武岩与变质沉积岩为主要成分的混合源区的部分熔融。结合近年的研究成果, 认为新宾?苇子峪地区的新太古代花岗质岩石可能形成于活动大陆边缘的动力学背景。     

相山南部花岗斑岩黑云母及绿泥石矿物化学特征及地质意义

黑云母及绿泥石成分特征能够分别示踪寄主岩石的成岩条件和成矿条件,为了探究相山南部花岗斑岩成岩成矿条件,对黑云母和蚀变绿泥石进行电子探针分析。结果表明：黑云母类型为铁质黑云母;花岗斑岩岩浆的温度和压力分别为541～725℃、175～395 MPa,侵位深度6.4～14.4 km;黑云母氧逸度位于NNO(Ni-NiO)缓冲剂附近,指示具有较高氧逸度;岩石成因类型为A型花岗岩,形成于板内拉张构造环境,物质来源于上地壳且逐渐受到幔源的影响;绿泥石为蠕绿泥石和铁镁绿泥石,属于富铁绿泥石,形成于还原环境。绿泥石形成温度249.7～272.2℃,属于中温热液作用范围。绿泥石化为铀成矿提供了铀源和吸附空间。     

西秦岭光头山花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

光头山花岗岩体出露于勉略缝合带北侧, 主要由英云闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成。英云闪长岩表现为片麻状构造, 局部英云闪长岩糜棱岩化形成花岗质糜棱岩。而二长花岗岩在糜棱岩带形成之后侵位, 含有少量的石榴石,弱的片麻状到块状构造。LA-ICPMS 锆石原位U-Pb同位素定年结果表明, 光头山岩体为两个阶段侵位, 糜棱岩化英云闪长岩( 样品GT18-01)的侵位结晶年龄是221±6Ma, 而二长花岗岩(样品GT11-01)的结晶年龄是199±4Ma,代表了晚期二长花岗岩形成的时代。结合区域构造背景和前人研究的地球化学特征, 早期的英云闪长岩可能在勉略洋盆闭合前的岛弧发育阶段侵位, 代表了洋壳俯冲的弧岩浆活动的产物。然后扬子地台与秦岭微陆块拼合, 形成勉略缝合带。约199Ma秦岭主造山期同碰撞岩浆活动形成了晚期(石榴石)二长花岗岩。因此, 勉略洋盆闭合和勉略缝合带形成时期大约为221～199Ma 。     

贺兰山地区黄旗口花岗岩体地质特征、成因类型与构造环境探讨

贺兰山地区黄旗口花岗岩体呈岩基状产出,岩体具不甚明显的岩相分带现象.岩石类型复杂,以黑云母英云闪长岩、二云母英云闪长岩为主,二云母花岗岩、二云母二长花岗岩次之,蚀变较强烈.岩石化学成分总体呈中酸性,岩浆分异强烈.化学类型属钙性一钙碱性岩系,具壳源型（S）花岗岩特征.综合分析表明,贺兰山地区黄旗口花岗岩体成因类型属S型花岗岩,形成于大陆碰撞造山环境,具有汇聚、离散、扩张的强力就位特点,形成时代厘定为中元古代长城纪（晋宁期）.     

大别造山带新县岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

出露于大别造山带西部的新县岩体主要侵位于大别杂岩和卢镇关群斜长角闪片麻岩之中.采用锆石La-ICPMS U-Pb定年方法,获得该岩体的主体岩性钾长花岗岩的岩浆锆石年龄为134.3±1.4 Ma,该年龄代表岩体的结晶年龄.综合分析表明,岩体中各类岩石的形成顺序依次为灰黑色中粒辉长闪长岩→灰色中细粒黑云母花岗岩→肉红色粗粒钾长花岗岩→黑云母辉长闪长岩脉、闪长玢岩脉和肉红色花岗斑岩脉.岩体中主体岩性钾长花岗岩的侵位可能预示着大别造山带早白垩世造山过程的即将结束,板内时期的即将来临;黑云母辉长闪长岩脉的侵入可能预示着大别造山带造山过程已经结束,非造山过程已经开始.     

淡色花岗岩中红柱石的成因研究

红柱石是长英质岩石中常见的铝硅酸盐矿物,其成因分为变质、岩浆和转熔三类.变质成因红柱石主要存在于低级变泥质岩中,是白云母、石英、黑云母以及长石等矿物在低压条件下发生变质反应的产物.岩浆成因和转熔成因红柱石主要存在于过铝质花岗岩和混合岩浅色体中,其形成主要受控于岩浆体系中Al2O3含量和温压条件.岩浆的Al2O3过饱和有利于红柱石的形成,可以通过四个途径获得:准铝质或过铝质岩石的部分熔融、同化混染过铝质围岩、结晶分异以及岩浆与流体的相互作用等.红柱石在岩浆体系中结晶的温度为650～800℃,压力小于(4.5±0.5)×105kPa.本文系统总结了不同成因红柱石在矿物产状、包裹体、成分环带以及与所在寄主岩石的造岩矿物之间平衡关系上的特征,建立了区分不同成因红柱石的标志.喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩中常见红柱石,运用所总结的多种区分标志,推断其中半自形-自形红柱石主要为岩浆成因,少数为转熔成因,而他形红柱石(呈簇状集合体)可能是变泥质围岩的残留矿物.通过对高喜马拉雅结晶岩系的变质和部分熔融过程分析,淡色花岗岩原始岩浆产生于进变质-退变质早期的过程中,而由于此时岩浆体系的压力较高,难以出现红柱石的结晶....     

秦岭西坝花岗岩LA-ICP-MS 锆石 U-Pb 年代学及其地质意义

西坝花岗岩位于南秦岭构造带陕西境内, 主要由花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和英云闪长岩组成。LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 原位同位素定年结果表明, 西坝岩体侵位于印支期, 由二长花岗岩样品(XB01-2)得到了219±1 Ma的年龄, 花岗闪长岩样品(XB06-1) 给出的年龄是218±1 Ma, 二者在误差范围内一致, 约218Ma代表了西坝花岗岩体的成岩时代。西坝岩体的年龄结合区域构造背景以及前人研究的地球化学特征, 说明它可能是秦岭主造山期岩浆活动的产物。     

华夏地块南缘凤凰山岩体形成时代及成因

中生代以来的岩浆事件记录一直是华夏地块中新生代大地构造演化的研究热点。近年来关于华夏中生代花岗岩的研究主要集中于南岭及闽浙沿海地区,对于粤东南地区的研究程度较低。通过地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素等手段,旨在探讨华夏地块南缘凤凰山岩体的形成时代、岩石成因机制及其大地构造环境。野外调查及岩相学研究表明,凤凰山岩体的岩石组合为黑云母二长花岗岩和黑云母钾长花岗岩,锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(156±2) Ma和(158±3) Ma,为晚侏罗纪岩浆活动的产物。两组花岗岩均具有高硅(SiO_2=72.66%～76.63%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.89%～9.43%)、低镁(MgO=0.05%～0.54%)和弱过铝质(ASI=1.02～1.04)的特征,富集Rb、Th、U等元素,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素,且P_2O_5含量与SiO_2含量呈明显的负相关关系。岩相学和地球化学显示,黑云母钾长花岗岩应属于弱分异I型花岗岩,而黑云母二长花岗岩分异指数较大(DI=93.91～95.74)、固结指数较小(SI=0.48～0.66),Rb/Sr(=99.12～243.75)和Rb/Ba(=67.45～203.80)比值较高、Eu负异常强烈(δEu=0.01～0.02),稀土元素配分图呈"海鸥式"分布,应属于高分异I型花岗岩。黑云母二长花岗岩和黑云母钾长花岗岩ε_(Hf)(t)分别变化在-8.4～-5.4和-9.4～-7.0;二阶段Hf模式年龄T_(DM2)变化范围分别在1 545～1 741 Ma和1 648～1 804 Ma,表明两者都是中-古元古代古老地壳物质重熔的产物。结合该时期区域构造背景,推断凤凰山岩体可能发育在与大洋俯冲板片后撤断离相关的岩石圈伸展的构造环境下,是地壳拉张减薄引起幔源岩浆底侵,带来大量热量,导致中-古元古代古老地壳物质发生部分熔融形成的产物。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that