超滤法结合大孔吸附树脂法制备复方双中药注射液

超滤法初步提取双中药银杏叶和绞股蓝中抗心脑血管疾病有效成分,利用AB-8大孔吸附树脂对初提物中银杏黄酮、绞股蓝黄酮、绞股蓝皂苷等进行进一步纯化,制备出复方银杏绞股蓝双中药盐酸曲美他嗪注射液.同时,进行了双中药注射液稳定性研究.研究结果表明,在超声振荡的条件下,超滤法提取抗心脑血管疾病有效成分正交实验的最佳条件为:乙醇体积浓度80%,固液比1∶20,超声时间10 min.AB-8大孔吸附树脂纯化的最佳条件为:上样液浓度总黄酮为1.252 3 mg/mL~2.504 7mg/mL,总皂苷为0.429 4 mg/mL~1.288 3 mg/mL,洗脱剂为体积浓度为70%的乙醇.纯化后产物中总黄酮、总皂苷的平均质量分数分别为37.35%、12.75%,黄酮与皂苷的比值为2.93.注射剂稳定性考察结果显示在30 d内-10℃、25℃条件下有效成分的含量变化在5%以内.     

不同地区绞股蓝总皂苷的分析及纯化

采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定产自福建、湖北、广西、云南、浙江和陕西6种不同产地绞股蓝总皂苷的含量,并通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)比较这6种绞股蓝总皂苷组成成分的差异性.结果表明:产自湖北的绞股蓝总皂苷的含量最高,达到了11.46％,而福建绞股蓝则为9.10％.HPLC图谱结果表明产自陕西、浙江和广西地区的绞股蓝中的总皂苷成分比福建、云南和湖北地区的复杂.通过静态吸附、动态洗脱研究和比较了D101、HP-20、DM130及AB-8等4种大孔吸附树脂对绞股蓝总皂苷的富集纯化性能,发现DM130在饱和吸附和不饱和吸附两种状态条件下均对绞股蓝总皂苷的富集纯化效果最佳.以乙醇作为洗脱剂,对于动态洗脱方法最佳的乙醇体积分数为70％,对绞股蓝总皂苷的洗脱效果最好.     

杨梅渣红色素的超声提取和微胶囊化工艺研究

研究了杨梅渣红色素的超声提取和微胶囊化工艺．通过正交实验确定了杨梅渣红色素超声提取的最佳工艺条件：料液比为1：12g·mL^-1,pH=1,提取时间为40min,超声波功率为400W．通过单因素实验确定了杨梅渣红色素微胶囊化的工艺条件：壁材阿拉伯胶与麦芽糊精的比例为1：3,芯壁比为1：14,乳化剂蔗糖脂肪酸酯的含量为0．6％,黏稠剂普鲁兰多糖的含量为0．5％．稳定性实验表明杨梅渣红色素经微胶囊化后耐热、耐酸、耐光性显著提高．     

茯砖茶中茶多酚的提取工艺研究

为了提高茯砖茶中茶多酚的提取率,本实验以茯砖茶为原料,选用超声波辅助水浴浸提法,通过控制溶剂浓度、提取时间、提取温度及超声波功率等因素,设计一种高效率、低损耗的提取方法来提取茯砖茶中的茶多酚类物质﹒通过单因素实验确定了茶多酚的最佳提取条件:在乙醇浓度为55%,温度为80℃,浸提时间为60 min,超声波功率为300 W的酸性条件下浸提所得到的茶多酚提取率最大﹒     

响应面法优化太子参皂苷的超声提取工艺

研究超声提取太子参皂苷的最佳工艺条件.采用Box-Behnken design （BBD）实验设计方案,结合响应面法优化提取条件,并考察超声时间、超声功率等主要影响因素,采用紫外分光光度法测定太子参皂苷的含量.经过响应面法优化后获得的超声提取太子参皂苷的最佳工艺条件为：超声处理时间为38 min,液料比为16：1 ml/g,超声波功率为280w,优化后太子参皂苷的最大提取率为0.807％.超声提取太子参皂苷的工艺具有收率高、简单快速、能耗低等优点.     

超声波辅助提取桔梗皂苷方法的研究

采用桔梗为原料,以桔梗皂苷的提取率为指标,对超声波辅助提取桔梗皂苷的方法进行研究.以乙醇为主要提取溶剂,应用正交设计优选桔梗皂苷的提取方法,选择乙醇体积分数、料液比、超声温度和超声时间为影响因素,确定了超声波辅助提取桔梗皂苷的最佳条件为:乙醇体积分数90%、料液比1∶11(g/mL)、超声温度45℃、超声时间30 min.桔梗皂苷的提取率为4.255%,通过泡沫实验和颜色反应实验确定提取物质为桔梗皂苷.     

文冠果种仁总皂苷的提取纯化及其抗氧化活性

研究了超声波辅助提取文冠果种仁中总皂苷的工艺条件,并探讨了大孔树脂分离纯化总皂苷的参数以及文冠果总皂苷的体外抗氧化活性。以乙醇为提取剂,通过单因素和正交实验考察了提取剂浓度、提取温度、料液比、超声功率对总皂苷提取的影响。结果表明:乙醇的体积分数70%、提取温度50℃、料液比1∶20、超声功率140 W时,提取物中总皂苷含量最高,达2.69%。采用XAD-16大孔树脂分离纯化文冠果种仁总皂苷,其最佳条件为:静态吸附与解吸时间分别是12h和4h,洗脱剂乙醇的体积分数70%;上样液密度0.12mg/mL(pH=4),上样流速10mL/min,上样液体积与柱体积比1.5,纯化后的总皂苷浓度有较大提高。以Vc作对照,研究文冠果种仁总皂苷的抗氧化活性,结果表明其还原能力和对羟自由基的清除作用高于Vc,清除DPPH自由基和对O-2自由基的能力比Vc要弱。     

野木瓜藤茎部位总皂苷闪式提取工艺

以野木瓜总皂苷含量为评价指标对比研究了闪式提取、乙醇回流提取和超声波提取3种方法对野木瓜藤茎部位总皂苷的提取效果,并利用正交实验对总皂苷的闪式提取工艺进行了优化.结果表明:闪式提取法所用提取时间短,最佳提取工艺为50倍量50%的乙醇,闪式提取2 min为宜.与乙醇回流提取和超声波提取法相比,闪式提取是一种高效、快速提取野木瓜藤茎部位总皂苷的方法.     

仙鹤草中齐墩果酸类皂苷的提取工艺研究

确定仙鹤草中齐墩果酸类皂苷的最佳提取工艺。采用单因素试验确定影响超声波提取齐墩果酸类皂苷的最主要因素;正交试验法研究提取工艺参数及其水平;最终明确最佳提取工艺。对超声波提取仙鹤草中齐墩果酸类皂苷影响效果从大到小的因素依次是料液比、超声时间、温度和溶剂浓度;提取最佳工艺条件是当料液比(g:m L)为1:12,超声时间为25min,温度为60?C,乙醇浓度为100%,仙鹤草中齐墩果酸类皂苷提取率最大为8.4%。超声波辅助提取法适合仙鹤草中齐墩果酸类皂苷的提取。     

圆齿野鸦椿叶片总黄酮提取工艺的研究

以圆齿野鸦椿叶片为材料,采用超声波法提取总黄酮。通过单因素试验,对料液比、乙醇浓度、超声波功率、提取时间四个因素进行考察,并在单因素试验结果的基础上,通过正交试验确定超声波提取圆齿野鸦椿叶片总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为料液比1:20,乙醇浓度80%,超声波功率200 W,超声波时间35 min。在此最佳工艺条件下,进行5次重复性试验,得到黄酮的平均含量为3.768%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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