Pb-Cu系与Fe-Cu-C系热力学平衡的研究

液态的铅和铁,银和铁,都是属于互不相混溶的体系。因此,可用作研究铁液内组元相互作用的热力学性质。其中,邹元炳首先用银、铁分配求出铝的脱氧常数。Koros与Chipman应用银、铁分配求出铜在铁液内的相互作用参数。Langenbers应用铅、铁间的铜分配,求出铜在铁液中的活度系数。Oelsen等应用铅、铁平衡,求出铜、锡、砷、锑、银、金等一系列元素的分配常数。本文通过铜在铅、铁液间的分配平衡研究,直接测得铜的分配常数,结合铁液中铜、碳间平衡的热力学数值,求出铜在铁液内的相互作用参数。     

铁液中Al-C复合脱氧热力学

利用热力学方法,针对铁液中铁水深脱硫条件所需要的低氧含量,研究了Al-C-O平衡时铁溶液中氧含量的变化规律.通过对C、Al及Al-C复合脱氧反应脱氧常数的比较得出,在1573K温度下,铁液中用Al-C复合脱氧,其脱氧能力比单独使用C脱氧能力强.用热力学理论得出1573K温度下铁液中用Al-C复合脱氧的平衡曲线.研究表明:在温度一定时,随着C的活度aC的增大,Al-C复合脱氧能力逐渐增强;在aC一定的情况下,随着温度的升高,Al-C复合脱氧能力逐渐减弱.     

熔融钴基合金中氧活度的快速测定

以（Ｍｏ／Ｍｏ２Ｏ）为参比电极，用固体电解质定氧测头以熔融钴基合金中氧活度进行快速测定的效果良好，利用与ＣｏＯ平均时氧在钴液中的溶解度得到了氧在钴液中的标准溶解吉氏自由能与温度的关系，为氧活度计算提供了数据。     

钢液钙处理脱氧脱硫的动力学

通过对钢液钙处理脱氧脱硫过程动力学的研究发现,当钙粒以喂线的形式注入钢水中时,一部分钙溶解,另一部分变为钙气泡,气泡在上浮的过程中与钢液中的氧、硫反应.钙粒的粒径越大,气化后的气泡在钢液中的停留时间和平均上浮速率就越大,脱氧脱硫的传质系数越小;在炼钢温度范围内,上浮速率及停留时间与钢液温度几乎没有关系,但传质系数随温度的增加而增加;随着钢液中氧、硫含量的增加,钙粒的最佳粒径增加;在一定的钢液深度和一定的氧、硫含量时,钙脱氧脱硫的利用率随其粒径的增加而减小;在温度为1 823 K、钢液中硫的质量分数为0.012%以及钢水包的深度为3 m情况下,当Ca的粒径小于0.002 m时,理论上Ca全部转化;当Ca的粒径在0.002～0.003 m时,钙的转化率为84.4%.     

纯铁液中Y—O、Y—S平衡

本工作应用放射性同位素~(90)Y,通过将试样在低温有机电解液中电解的方法分离稀土夹杂物,测定了铁液中溶解态的稀土含量。用ZrO_2(MgO)固体电解质组成的定氧测头测定了铁液中氧的活度。用硫化氢气体发生法测定并计算了铁液中溶解态的硫含量。由此得出1560～1660℃范围内Y—O平衡常数与温度的关系式以及1600℃下Y—S平衡常数值,并测定了Y对O,Y对S的活度相互作用系数e_O~Y、e_S~Y及其它有关热力学数据。     

Fe液中Bi蒸气溶解平衡及第三组元的影响

用密封反应室气液平衡法，测定了Ｂｉ蒸气在Ｆｅ液中的溶解平衡及第三组元Ｃｒ，Ｃｕ，Ｃ，Ａｌ和Ｓｉ对Ｂｉ溶解量的影响，得到Ｆｅ液中Ｂｉ蒸气溶解反应标准溶解吉布氏自由能与温度的关系式，以及１８７３Ｋ温度下Ｆｅ液中第三组元与Ｂｉ的活度相互作用系数。     

利用固体电解质氧浓差电池测定铝镇静钢中的铝量

铝镇静钢的质量与其含铝量的控制有极其重要关系,本文根据钢液中氧活度α[o]与含铝量[Al]sol间存在的平衡关系,利用固体电解质氧浓差电池快速测定α[o],并对应于取样分析[Al]sol量,建立实测的α[o]—[Al]sol关系。从而,可通过直接测定钢液中氧的活度来测定钢液中含铝量,并通过测氧达到控制铜中铝量,确保钢质量的目的。     

rNaF·AlF_3-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系熔体中La_2O_3与Al_2O_3的活度

本文利用固体电解质ZrO_2(+MgO)作为氧离子导体组成浓差电池,测其电动势,求出了熔体中氧化镧活度(a_(La_2O_3))与各因素关系的回归方程。文中还讨论了各因素对a_(La_2O_3)的影响,并绘出了氧化镧的等活度曲线图。最后,利用Monte-Carlo方法解定积分求出了 Al_2O_3 的活度。氧化铝的活度随氧化镧浓度的增加而增大。     

Mn液中Ca溶解量及第3组元的影响

用密封容器气液平衡法，测定了Ｃａ在Ｍｎ液中的饱和溶解量及第３组元Ｃ、Ｓｉ，Ｎｉ，Ａｌ，Ｃｒ和Ａｓ对其的影响，得到的Ｍｎ液中Ｃａ饱和溶解量与温度的关系式，以及１６７３Ｋ下Ｍｎ液中第３组元与钙的活度相互作用系数。     

用汽液平衡法研究NaI在乙醇-环己烷中的活度系数

测定了乙醇-环己烷-NaI体系常压汽液平衡数据,采用双标准检验法对数据进行检验,检验结果全部合格.假定NaI的平均活度系数可表示为盐浓度平方根(m1/2)的幂级数,采用全部合格的汽液平衡数据拟合出幂级数中的各项参数,从而获得在双液比固定条件下盐在非水混合体系中的活度系数.计算结果表明,正常泡点温度下,在具有固定双液比的乙醇-环己烷混合溶剂中,NaI的平均活度系数随盐浓度的增加而减小.此法可推广于其他非水混合溶剂中电解质活度系数的测定.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that