废水中氨氮沉淀的影响因素

以MgCl2和Na2HPO4为沉淀剂,用实验室模拟废水研究了影响氨氮沉淀的因素,包括沉淀pH值、沉淀剂的添加量及氨氮的原始质量浓度.结果表明,沉淀pH值是影响氨氮沉淀的主要因素,它影响氨氮的沉淀率、残余氨氮浓度、Mg2 和PO3-4的沉淀率和残余量以及沉淀后水的pH值.最佳沉淀pH值为11.氨氮的初始质量浓度在1 000 mg/L以下时,随其降低氨氮的沉淀率和残余氨氮质量浓度都降低;低于100mg/L时沉淀率明显降低,但残余氨氮质量浓度可以达到5mg/L,且变化不再明显.     

控制低溶解氧浓度实现生活污水短程硝化研究

以SBR工艺处理低C/N生活污水 ,研究了溶解氧浓度 (DO)对硝化过程中亚硝酸氮积累的影响 .在 2 0～ 2 5℃ ,进水氨氮为 78～ 10 8mg/L时 ,当DO <1.0mg/L ,出现亚硝酸氮的累积 .当DO在 0 .5～ 0 .7mg/L时 ,曝气时间 6h ,亚硝化率可达到 80 %以上 ,氨氮去除率在 95 %以上 .与其他 5个溶解氧浓度水平相比 ,该条件下是既达到较高亚硝化率 ,又达到较高氨氮去除率的最佳工况     

猪场废水厌氧消化液好氧后处理过程亚硝化/硝化调控因素研究

采用序批式反应器（SBR）进行猪场废水厌氧消化液好氧后处理,研究后处理过程中亚硝化／硝化调控因素．在厌氧消化液中配入原水比例10％-30％（V／V）的试验中,配水比例越低,反应体系pH值越低,出水氨氮浓度越高,亚硝化率也越高．在曝气量100L／h-260L/h的条件下,曝气量越大,出水氨氮浓度越低,亚硝化率也越低．一个运行周期的监测数据反映出：曝气结束时氨氮浓度和溶解氧是影响硝化进程的主要因素．只要将曝气控制在氨氮刚好氧化完全时停止,即使大的曝气量也能达到高的亚硝化率（87％以上）,用硝化过程动力学常数能很好解释这种现象．在进水氨氮浓度524937mg／L范围内,进水氨氮浓度越高,出水氨氮浓度越高,但是亚硝化率平均值都在75％左右,说明进水NH3-N浓度对亚硝化率没有影响．试验结果表明：通过调控出水氨氮浓度和溶解氧可以将硝化进程控制在亚硝化阶段．     

常温SBR系统短程硝化试验研究

常温条件下利用SBR反应器研究了短程硝化的启动与运行特性。接种普通活性污泥,在进水氨氮浓度为50mg/L时,通过控制系统低DO浓度(小于0.8mg/L),运行12d后出水亚硝酸盐积累率达60%以上,实现了短程硝化;通过逐步提高进水氨氮浓度至130mg/L,出水亚硝酸盐积累率稳定维持在90%以上,获得了稳定的短程硝化效果。分析表明,低DO浓度和较高的游离氨浓度是系统获得短程硝化稳定运行的关键因素。     

微氧条件下FA、FNA和pH对半短程硝化的影响

采用微孔曝气与机械搅拌相结合的序批式反应器(SBR),研究了微氧条件(0.3～0.5 mg/L溶解氧)下游离氨(FA)、游离亚硝酸(FNA)的质量浓度和pH对半短程硝化过程的影响。试验结果表明:在温度为(28±2)℃,进水pH值为7.8～8.3,FA的质量浓度为16～120 mg/L时均可实现稳定的半短程硝化,其中,FA的质量浓度为40 mg/L时亚硝酸盐积累率(NAR)最大,为95%.反应过程中发现,随着反应进行,FA浓度下降,FNA浓度上升,有利于抑制亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(NOB)生长,使实验过程中无需额外持续投加NaHCO_3维持恒定pH,可节约NaHCO_3约40%.反应运行94 d,氨氧化速率由40 mg/(L·h)上升到115 mg/(L·h).高通量测序发现,亚硝化单胞菌占比由32%增至39%;当FA的质量浓度高于40 mg/L时会明显降低氨氧化细菌(AOB)的增长速率,导致Nitrospira数量增多。     

SBR法处理模拟乳制品废水处理效果的研究

采用SBR法考察模拟乳制品废水COD、氨氮、正磷酸盐等指标处理效果.实验结果表明,进水平均COD值为1 100 mg/L,氨氮平均进水质量浓度为31 mg/L,正磷酸盐平均进水质量浓度为5 mg/L.经过处理后,出水COD、氨氮和正磷酸盐质量浓度分别为84、4、0.42 mg/L,满足国家二级排放标准.在曝气3 h后COD去除率可达92%以上,氨氮,磷酸盐等指标去除率可达到87%和91.6%.     

以高盐渗滤液富集筛选氨氧化菌试验

目的研究利用渗滤液作为氨氧化菌富集培养基的可行性,筛选出的优势菌在不同条件下的脱氮效果,为渗滤液生物处理提供参考.方法通过对渗滤液富集后污泥进行氨氧化菌初筛和复筛结果选出的优势菌在静态试验下研究pH、进水底物浓度、溶解氧和盐度的影响和投加优势菌后氨氮氧化速率.结果 pH、溶解氧、底物质量浓度和盐度对优势菌的脱氮性能有一定的影响,优势菌的最佳pH为7.5~8,溶解氧质量浓度3 mg/L,进水底物质量浓度与所需溶解氧成正相关关系;优势菌表现出不同盐度耐受性,X1表现出耐盐特性,而X4表现出嗜盐特性.结论渗滤液高氨氮的特性使其有作为氨氧化菌富集培养基的条件,渗滤液富集筛选出的优势菌投加反应器后可有效提高反应器的氨氮去除率.     

游离氯对曝气生物滤池短程硝化的影响

研究投加游离氯对曝气生物滤池(BAF)实现短程硝化的可行性,考察游离氯对亚硝酸盐积累的作用规律,并探讨改变加氯量和氯的投加方式对稳定维持BAF亚硝酸盐积累的影响。研究结果表明,通过加氯可以实现曝气生物滤池亚硝酸盐的积累;当进水游离氯质量浓度为4 mg/L时,BAF系统连续运行20 d后亚硝酸盐积累率可达60%~70%;当系统形成稳定的亚硝酸盐积累时,降低进水游离氯的质量浓度能够稳定维持亚硝酸盐积累;间歇加氯在一定程度上也能够维持亚硝酸盐积累。     

低溶解氧条件下处理模拟城市污水的研究

采用SBR工艺,在低溶解氧条件下,对活性污泥处理污水的效果进行研究.实验结果表明,在溶解氧质量浓度稳定在DO=1 mg/L,进水0.5 h,兼氧搅拌0.5 h,曝气3 h时,达到最佳去除率.这时反应器出水的COD、氨氮和磷酸盐的平均质量浓度分别为48.46、7.65、0.42 mg/L,其去除率分别为82.73%、80.66%和92.18%.     

含硫化物废水在升流式填料塔中的处理及数学模拟

在升流式填料塔中,通过接种排硫硫杆菌形成稳定生物膜.在pH值和温度分别控制在 7. 0±0. 1和 30±2℃条件下,进水质量浓度分别为 85. 76, 177. 83, 269. 55和 394. 26mg/L时,改变硫化物容积负荷 (VLR)和溶解氧水平进行正交试验.研究和分析硫化物容积负荷与溶解氧共同作用下硫化物的去除规律、硫酸盐的生成规律以及单质硫的生成率,并对建立的模拟方程进行了验证.结果表明,在升流式生物填料塔内废水中的硫化物去除率能达到9500以上;应用模拟方程,对于不同的进水浓度,都能找到一个最佳的运行工况.在硫化物去除率和单质硫的生成率达到最佳时,保持反应器的最大容积负荷和最小的溶解氧.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has