HNO3处理多孔硅高效发光的研究

在实验室条件下对P型单晶硅片进行阳极电化学腐蚀制成多孔硅(Porous Silicon)样片,同时用适当配比的HNO3对多孔硅进行处理.比较了HNO3作用前后样片的光致发光(PL)谱,结果发现用HNO3处理的多孔硅的发光效率有显著提高.用XPS和SEM对样片测试的结果表明酸处理后样片表面形成Si-O结构,其表面平均孔径增大,而且分布更均匀.     

多孔硅荧光谱双峰结构的研究

采用阳极腐蚀法制备了多孔硅（PS），用原子力显微镜（AFM）照片对其表面和结构做了分析，观察到多孔硅纳米尺寸的微结构；并进行了多孔硅层（PSL）的光致发光谱（PL）测量，观察到PL谱峰的“蓝移”和双峰现象，符合量子尺寸效应和发光中心理论，红外吸收光谱进一步证明了发光中心的存在。     

多孔硅/高氯酸钠复合材料的合成与爆炸特性研究

本文采用电化学阳极氧化法制备多孔硅,考察不同氧化条件下多孔硅孔隙率及膜厚的变化情况,研究电化学阳极氧化工艺条件、高氯酸钠溶液浓度以及贮存方法等因素对多孔硅复合材料爆炸反应的影响。结果表明,多孔硅孔隙率随电流密度增大而增大,当电流达到50mA·cm~（-2）以上时略有降低,孔隙率随氧化时间增大而先增大后减小,且氧化时间为30min时最大,孔隙率随氢氟酸浓度增大反而减小;多孔硅膜厚随时间增大而增大。SEM分析表明,多孔硅表面产生裂缝,内部形成硅柱。在电流密度小、氧化时间短的条件下形成的多孔硅复合材料不易爆炸,当NaClO4甲醇溶液质量浓度大于0.098g·mL~（-1）时发生强烈爆炸,将多孔硅复合材料用乙醇浸泡是最为理想的贮存方法。     

太阳能级回收硅料清洗效果研究简

通过对光伏领域回收硅料表面处理一般方法的研究,使用ICP-MS对比分析了光伏产业使用不同类型硅料经混酸腐蚀处理前后,表面金属杂质种类、含量及清洗效果的变化,并使用SEM对硅料清洗前后的形貌进行了微观分析.结果表明HF/HNO3混酸体系对于过渡族金属杂质Cu、Zn、Mn去除效果较好,对于Ti、Cr金属杂质特别是Fe的去除效果较差;硅料表面微观结构越光滑,杂质去除效果越好.     

多孔硅的制备和光致发光

用阳极氧化方法制备了多孔硅样品，研究了样品在室温下受紫外光（３５５ｎｍ）激发的发光特性．发现随着阳极氧化电流密度和腐蚀时间的增加，发光峰呈蓝移。用ＫＯＨ溶液和水对多孔硅处理，发光光谱有明显变化。解释了有关发光现象。     

多孔硅溶胶的制备与其可控电迁移研究

用阳极电流腐蚀法制备多孔硅(PS),并将其分散到无水乙醇中形成溶胶.用荧光光谱仪测定了多孔硅溶胶的荧光强度与浓度的关系,研究了不同表面活性剂的掺入对溶胶体系的稳定性及其荧光强度的影响.进行了多孔硅溶胶的电迁移实验,并发现不同的表面活性剂的加入可使多孔硅溶胶带不同电荷,从而使多孔硅溶胶的电迁移变的可控.用扫描电镜(SEM)和X光电子能谱(XPS)对多孔硅溶胶电迁移沉积层进行了对比分析.研究表明,溶胶体系中表面活性剂的加入对沉积层的成分没有影响,可以用这种方法实现多孔硅纳米粒子的可控组装.     

一种新的湿法钝化多孔硅的方法

采用硫代乙酰胺的HF酸水溶液作为氧化剂对初始多孔硅进行钝化处理,改善了多孔硅表面结构并提高了发光强度.同时研究了钝化电流,钝化温度和钝化时间等一系列因素对钝化多孔硅光致发光强度的影响.实验发现,在60℃恒温下,对样品通电流1 mA/cm2,进行10 min的钝化处理可以获得最强的光致发光,发光强度比初始样品发光强度增强了一个数量级.另外,通过傅立叶红外吸收谱(FTIR)以及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试分析,探讨了钝化处理使得多孔硅发光强度提高的原因.     

多孔硅的形成机制及吸收特性

用测量多孔硅反射谱的方法研究了多孔硅在吸收边附近的特性。由于多孔硅的微空洞和残余部分大约只有纳米量级，故采用波长为２００～２６００ｎｍ的红外到紫外范围的光照射，根据多层膜的反射公式，计算出多孔硅在吸收边附近的吸收系数。结果表明（αｈω）２与（ｈω－Ｅｇ）呈线性关系，表明多孔硅在一定程度上已转变为直接带隙半导体。     

一种新的湿法钝化多孔硅的方法

采用硫代乙酰胺的HF酸水溶液作为氧化剂对初始多孔硅进行钝化处理，改善了多孔硅表面结构并提高了发光强度、同时研究了钝化电流．钝化温度和钝化时间等一系列因素对钝化多孔硅光致发光强度的影响、实验发现．在60℃恒温下．对样品通电流1mA／cm^2．进行10min的钝化处理可以获得最强的光致发光．发光强度比初始样品发光强度增强了一个数量级．另外．通过傅立叶红外吸收谱(FTIR)以及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试分析．探讨了钝化处理使得多孔硅发光强度提高的原因．     

用热分解方法在多孔硅中形成纳米银粒子

通过简单的溶液浸泡－热分解方法成功地在氧化多孔硅的孔中沉积了纳米银粒子,形成了银/氧化多孔硅/硅的复合结构.用X射线衍射光谱(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征了多孔硅上纳米银粒子的存在.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that