GH220合金中晶界针状碳化物的成因

研究了镍基高温合金在1123K,392MPa下周期持久断裂过程中晶界针状碳化物的析出过程。分析了它的形成原因,实验采用二种热处理工艺,得到二种不同的晶界状态:直晶和弯晶。透射电镜分析结果表明,无论何种晶界状态,晶界碳化物都有一个由颗粒状碳化物向针状碳化物转化的过程。而弯晶处理的合金,首先发生由弯晶向平直晶界的转变,即尺寸较大且不规则状的晶界碳化物逐渐断裂成颗粒状排列的晶界碳化物,该过程所需时间较长,这就解释了弯晶合金比如直晶合金针状碳化物量少的原因。提出了一个由颗粒状碳化物向针状碳化物转化的模型。     

M963合金的显微组织和性能

研究了Ｍ９６３合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明,Ｍ９６３合金的高温强度较高,但塑性较低;合金的组织主要由γ基本相、细小γ＇析出相、分布在枝晶间的大块γ＋γ＇共晶以及富Ｗ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ的Ｍ－６Ｃ和富Ｔｉ、Ｎｂ、Ｗ的ＭＣ碳化物组成：碳化物呈骨架状、针状分布在枝晶内和断续网状分布在晶界和枝晶间。裂纹在碳化物周围形核并沿碳化物与基体的界面扩展。碳化物的形态严重影响合金的性能,晶界和枝晶间的碳化物膜是造成该合金塑性低的根本原因。     

GH586合金的晶界碳化物高温强化

通过对ＧＨ５８６合金在不同固溶处理温度下的金相组织观察,晶界碳化物萃取复型的透射电镜观察,定量相分析及８５０℃拉伸性能的测试,研究了晶界碳化物对合金高温拉伸性能的影响,探讨了高温下合金晶界碳化物的强化作用,并结合理论分析提出了晶界碳化物高温强化关系式。结果表明,该合金中均匀分布的细小晶界碳化物在高温下提高了合金强度;晶界碳化物对８５０℃屈服强度的贡献,用理论模型分析的结果与实验结果符合良好。     

快速凝固FGH95合金粉末中的碳化物及其稳定性

对快速凝固FGH95高温合金粉末中的碳化物及其稳定性进行实验研究,分析了粉末颗粒凝固过程中的热学参数和非平衡溶质分配对碳化物形成过程的影响.结果表明合金粉末中亚稳MC'型碳化物形态的几何完整度随粉末颗粒尺寸减小由规则形态向复杂多样化变化,碳化物在热处理时发生分解与合金元素再分配,其形态由复杂形状为主转变为规则形态的稳定MC型碳化物.     

合金碳化物(Fe,Mo)_3C的磁性及磁致热力学性质

利用基于第一性原理的VASP软件计算钢中合金碳化物(Fe,Mo)_3C在0 K、0 Pa的磁矩和形成能,利用热力学平衡软件MTDATA计算合金碳化物(Fe,Mo)_3C的化学自由能改变量,利用Weiss分子场理论计算合金碳化物在12 T强磁场下的磁自由能改变量。结果表明,合金碳化物(Fe,Mo)_3C的磁矩主要来源于不同Wyckoff位置的Fe原子,8d位置的Fe原子对磁矩的影响比4c位置的Fe原子更大,而Mo原子会使合金碳化物的磁矩降低;合金碳化物Fe_2MoC、Mo_3C的形成能为负,表明这两种合金碳化物比Fe_3C和FeMo_2C更稳定;另外,Mo原子会降低合金碳化物(Fe,Mo)_3C化学自由能改变量,增大其磁自由能改变量。     

GH586合金的晶界碳化物高温强换

通过对GH586合金在不同固溶处理温度下的金相组织观察、晶界碳化物萃取复型的透射电镜观察、定量相分析及850℃拉伸性能的测试,研究了晶界碳化物对合金高温拉伸性能的影响.探讨了高温下合金晶界碳化物的强化作用,并结合理论分析提出了晶界碳化物高温强化关系式.结果表明,该合金中均匀分布的细小晶界碳化物在高温下提高了合金强度;晶界碳化物对850℃屈服强度的贡献,用理论模型分析的结果与实验结果符合良好.     

SPEED方法萃取高温合金中的MC碳化物晶体生长的研究

利用SPEED方法萃取定向凝固镍基高温合金中的MC碳化物晶体后进行SEM-EDX分析,其结果在似稳场条件下的MC碳化物晶体与从高温合金熔体中的生长的MC碳化物的浓度分布规律相一致。     

C含量对一种单晶高温合金组织和持久性能的影响

研究了C含量对一种单晶高温合金组织和持久性能的影响。研究结果表明,随着C含量的增加,合金中γ/γ''共晶组织含量和尺寸减小,碳化物含量增加,其形貌由块状向骨架状和发达骨架状转变,Ta偏析程度降低,Re,W,Mo和Nb偏析程度增加。C含量对热处理后碳化物的形貌几乎无影响。随着C含量的增加,合金在980℃/250 MPa条件下的持久寿命先增加后降低,C质量分数为0.048%时达到最大值。持久过程中,未溶碳化物作为裂纹源缩短了合金的持久寿命。     

CuCr真空触头材料的抗熔焊性能研究

测定了不同ＣｕＣｒ触头合金的基体强度和熔焊焊缝强度，通过扫描电子显微镜观察了其断口形貌，从而分析ＣｕＣｒ合金中脆性碳化物相对其抗熔焊性能的影响，讨论了碳化物相引入后ＣｕＣｒ合金的抗熔焊机理，同时还讨论了碳化物相对ＣｕＣｒ合金耐电压强度的影响。     

钴对Fe-Cr-Ni-Co基Refractoloy26合金显微组织的影响

本文比较系统地研究了钴对Fe-Cr-Ni-Co基Refractoloy26合金组织结构的影响。实验采用光学显微镜,电子显微镜,X射线衍射分析及化学相分析等方法对不同含钴量合金的显微组织进行了观察和分析。结果表明:减少Refractoloy26合金中的含钴量将使γ析出相的重量百分数和γ′相颗粒尺寸增加,而使γ-γ′相之间的点阵错配度减小;使合金中析出的MC碳化物稳定性降低,从而使合金在时效过程中形成较多的M23C6和M6C碳化物,并使析出的各类碳化物总量增加,在高钴合金中,M23C6碳化物不再存在,但有μ相析出。另外,定量金相分析结果证明合金含钴量对孪晶形成的数量和形貌也均有影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with