语病评判中语义与语法的交互作用——“语义重复”与“成分赘余”再思考

语言有语音、语义、语法、语用等多个层面.对具体语言现象的评判必需充分考虑多个层面的交互作用.语义重复属于语义平面,成分赘余属于语法平面.文章就语义重复和成分赘余的关系分别进行了论述,并把语义重复和成分赘余分别区分为两种类型,深入探讨了有关的语言现象.     

汉语语序的功能语法浅析

汉语最明显的特征就是无形态系统来表现通常的语法范畴，如：性，数，格，式，态，人称。语序是其最显性的语法手段。德国学者洪堡德（W．Humb。ldt）曾说：“在汉语句子里，每个词排放在哪里，要你斟酌，从各种不同的关系去考虑，才能读下去。由于思想上的联系全由这些关系产生的，因此这一纯粹的默想就代替了一部分语法。“”张世禄先生也指出：“汉语句子成立的要素不是属于语法结构形式。。”由此可见，汉语是一种略于形式，注重语义和语境的人文主义的语言。植根于形态语言的西方语言理论常将语义，语境与形式分离以求理论上的科学主…     

从语义选择与限制看词汇的搭配

词汇搭配受多种因素的影响,如结构、语法、语义和文化因素等。因而词与词之间的搭配是有限制的,有些甚至根本不能搭配。本文将从语义学的角度,运用语义选择与限制、语义等级、语义韵等相关理论分析词汇搭配的合理性。     

浅析俄汉词汇搭配对比

语言中能够独立运用的最小表义单位是词,而词的组合是一个十分复杂的综合性问题,它涉及到语法、语义及语言习惯等诸多因素.这些因素互为补充,相互影响,作用于词的搭配,使词的组合关系变得错综复杂、扑朔迷离.对词汇搭配的研究是研究词的一个基本的重要内容,汉语和俄语两种语言搭配有各自的特点,同时,二者也有共同之处.探讨俄汉语中词汇搭配的异同,有助于加深对两种语言的认识,从而更好地掌握外语.     

浅析北京话中三音节的复合词发生弱化位置

本文分析了北京话中三音节的复合词内部发生弱化时的位置与词的内部的各语素的语义以及词的语法结构的关系。通过语法结构以及各个词素间的语义虚实关系,在一定程度上可以判断三节词中第几个音节会发生弱化。     

"不要太……"结构的"准语法化"分析

国内的语法化研究绝大部分集中于历时研究，即探讨某个语法形式的历时演变过程。现以共时的视角，分别从语义、结构密度、语法结构和语用范围四个方面探讨汉语中“不要太……”结构的“准语法化”现象（即语法化倾向），并且对产生此现象的认知动因作出解释。通过分析，得出两个结论：1）语义变化导致语法结构变化；2）语用范围可以从微观到宏观，再从宏观到微观，宏观化和微观化并行发展。     

汉语VO结构与转喻认知机制

汉语VO结构中，V和O的逻辑语义关系有很多种，根据这些语义关系组合而成的词组，有些已超出了传统语法所能解释的范围，实际上体现了转喻机制的运作。转喻在汉语VO结构中有几种体现，对这些结构的形成和理解可从认知的经济性、突显性以及概念的合成等方面进行研究和阐述。     

运用三平面理论解析古汉语易混现象

近年来，古代汉语语法研究更加重视理论和方法的研究。专家学者们运用“三个平面”理论，结合古汉语的语法特征，从语法、语义、语用三个方面来分析研究古汉语的词法、句法，这标志着在描写的基础上追求解释已经成为当前古代汉语语法研究的目标。我们在辨析易混语言现象时，不能孤立地从哪一方面进行，而应根据不同的句子，灵活使用最适合的方法。     

依存语法概述

依存语法是一种诞生于1959年的基于词间关系的形式语法,它强调以动词为句子中心,其他词汇依存于动词。依存语法具有形式简单、更适合于处理自由语序的语言、与语义关系接近等优势,使得其在处理汉语句子时具有优势。     

论《左传》中的省略

省略作为语言中一种重要的现象，得到了语言学史上绝大多数学派的承认和关注。对语法的分析可以从句法、语义、语用三个平面来进行，这一点在汉语语法学界已为越来越多的人所接受。以《左传》的语言材料为例，可以从句子的深层语义结构和表层句法结构的关系分析古代汉语的省略现象，即句法的省略、语义的省略、语用的省略，以及这三种省略的成因，从而对上古汉语省略的本质加以描写。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with