单段氧脱木素特性的研究

研究了马尾松硫酸盐浆单段氧脱木素的特性,研究结果表明：影响马尾松硫酸盐浆氧脱木素的因素有：时间,温度,用碱量,氧压,保护剂MgSO4的用量及反应浆浓,从纸浆中木素的脱出和纸浆的粘度出发,各因素都有一较合适的用量,其中,氧压在0．5－0．6MPa之间,时间80min,温度100℃,NaOH用量3％－5％,MgSO4用量0．5％－1．0％,浆浓10％－12％,在以上条件并保证浆粘度不致降低很大的条件下,纸浆的木素脱出率较大。     

马尾松硫酸盐浆两段氧脱木素的影响因素

研究了马尾松硫酸盐浆段间不洗涤时第二段氧脱木素的影响因素。结果表明,在给定的第一段氧脱木素的条件下,第二段氧脱木素采用氧压0．4－0．5MPa、温度80－90℃、时间40－60min、碱用量（质量分数）2％－4％的条件,可以在纸浆粘度不致降低很大的前提下,得到较高的木素总脱除率。     

混合商品桉木片原料硫酸盐浆氧脱木素工艺优化

针对混合商品桉木片硫酸盐法制浆漂白过程强度损失较为严重问题,利用正交实验方法完成混合商品桉木片硫酸盐浆氧脱木素工艺优化,确定在NaOH用量2%、时间60,min、温度100,℃、氧压0.5,MPa、MgSO4用量0.2%的条件下,纸浆的打浆度为15°SR,其抗张指数达到39,N·m/g以上,黏度780,mL/g.通过单因素实验,进一步探讨氧脱木素工艺中NaOH用量对于纸浆性能的影响,提出氧脱木素工段NaOH用量与纸浆黏度、卡伯值分别具有线性关系:Yη=-17.84,XNaOH+829.92,R2=0.989,8;Ykappa=-0.62,X NaOH+10.56,R2=0.995,9.     

STUDY ON THE ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING OF BAMBOO KRAFT PULP

1INTRODUCTIONChina is a country using the most variety of non-wood fiber raw material and is the largest country producing non-wood fiber pulp and paper in the world[1]. Bamboo is one kind of the main non-wood species for papermaking in China. Although the structure of raw materials for papermaking has being adjusted through increasing the proportion of wood pulp and by effectively utilizing waste paper source, non-wood species will still remain an important fiber resource[1,2].At present…     

桉木硫酸盐浆LMS生物漂白的研究

进行了桉木硫酸盐将漆酶一介体系统（LMS）生物漂白的研究,漆酶由白腐菌Panus conchatus固体发酵并分纯化而制得;一种新的介体－－N－羟基乙酰苯胺（NHA）自行合成,采用L／MQP漂白流程,仅用2％（质量分数）的H2O2就将桉木常规硫酸盐浆（EMCC－O）可达到87．6％ISO的白度,生物漂白的CK浆和EMCC－O浆的粘度都很高,说明漆酶／NHA生物漂白的脱木素选择性很好。     

THE TCF BLEACHING OF NS-AQ ASPEN HIGH YIELD CHEMICAL PULP

INTRODUCTIONNowadays, under the pressure of energy crisis, Methods押The pulp was put in the high-density polyethylene plastic bag in the of thermostatic water bath where the pulp was treated with chelated environment pollution and market competition, the pulp industry has being developed in the direction of "Three Highness" and " Three Lowness". "Three Highness" means high yield, high strength and high brightness; on the other hand, " Three Lowness" means low energy consumption, low wa…     

ENZYMATIC BLEACHING OF WHEAT STRAW SODA-AQ PULP BY LMS TREATMENT

Laccase has been proven that it has a good selectivity and efficiency in pulp bleaching. In this paper, the effects of LMS (Laccase Mediator System) treatment on delignification and bleaching of wheat straw pulp at various conditions, such as laccase dosage,temperature, oxygen pressure and pH, were investigated. The TCF sequence including LMS can bleach the wheat straw pulp to 81% ISO brightness with good strength. The synergetic biobleaching of LMS and xylanase of wheat straw pulp was also investigated. It was found that the final brightness and strength of synergetic biobleaching pulps increased to a certain extent and the bleaching selectivity was improved. The combination of the enzymes is feasible for the delignification and bleaching.     

耐热木聚糖酶助漂针叶木硫酸盐浆的研究

探讨了嗜热真菌耐热木聚糖酶助漂针叶木硫酸盐浆的应用前景.着重研究了应用耐热木聚糖酶进行生物助漂的酶用量、酶处理的pH值以及漂白用氯量等影响因素.结果表明,在不影响纸浆的各项性能的情况下,经酶处理的纸浆白度相比对照增加1.06%~5.11%ISO.同时,酶处理纸浆漂白时可减少漂白用氯量.另外,在偏碱性条件下进行酶处理对纸浆漂白效果的影响较为显著.纸浆纤维的扫描电镜结果显示,酶未对纤维造成损伤,而是改善了纸浆纤维的可漂性.该耐热木聚糖酶非常适宜应用于酶助漂.     

MECHANISM OF CHLORATE FORMATION IN CHLORINE DIOIXDE DELIGNIFICATION

The effect of pH on chlorate formation during chlorine dioxide delignification of oxygen delignified kraft pulp was studied. Chlorate formation was found to increase slightly when pH was increased from 1.8 to 2.5, further increase of pH decreased chlorate formation.The above phenomenon is explained by the combination of two mechanisms, one by the reaction between hypochlorous acid and chlorite, another by the effect of chlorine on the regeneration of chlorine dioxide. The first mechanism suggests that chlorate formation is highly dependent on HCIO concentration which decreases with increasing pH and causes chlorate formation to behave in the same trend. The second mechanism suggests that chlorine favors the regeneration of chlorine dioxide while HCIO favors chlorate formation, thus lowering the pH from about 4 to the acidic end should decreases chlorate formation. The two opposite effects lead to the maximum formation of chlorate at around pH 2.5.     

硫酸盐木浆漂白前木聚糖酶预处理的研究

研究了木聚糖酶用于硫酸盐木浆 H2 O2 漂白前预处理的工艺条件 ,结果表明 ,预处理最佳工艺条件为 :酶用量为每克浆 2 0 IU ,时间 3h,浆浓为 6 %。在相同的 H2 O2 漂白条件下 ,经酶处理后的浆料白度可提高 2 %～ 3% SBD。     

改良木聚糖酶辅助漂白芦苇浆的工艺研究

采用分子改良后的木聚糖酶对芦苇浆进行生物预处理,考察了改良木聚糖酶辅助漂白的效果。结果表明,酶预处理可以降低CEH三段漂白中氯化C段的氯气用量60%。改良木聚糖酶预处理辅助漂白芦苇纸浆最佳条件为:pH为7.0,温度60℃,浆浓(质量分数)5%,酶用量12μmol/(min.g),预处理时间60 min。在此条件下C段氯用量降至对照的40%时,酶处理漂后样品白度可达到84.0%(ISO),高出对照样的白度3.7%(ISO)。改良木聚糖酶预处理还能够改善纸浆漂后样的物理性能。     

桉木硫酸盐浆TCF漂白的研究

研究桉木硫酸盐浆H2O2强化的氧脱木素效果;研究KMnO4和螯合物对桉木硫酸盐氧漂浆H2O2漂白的改善效果,并对其最佳工艺条件及各种因素对漂白效果的影响进行探讨。结果表明：在氧脱木素过程中加入少量的H2O2,就能起到很好的强化效果;氧漂浆在KMnO4的预处理、DTPA处理后再经过H2O2漂白,可使KP法桉木浆白度达80％以上。     

越南甜竹蒸煮反应历程研究

以越南甜竹为对象,采用硫酸盐法蒸煮,研究越南甜竹蒸煮反应历程。结果表明,煮浆适宜工艺条件为：用碱量22 %,温度170 ℃,保温时间120 min,硫化度20 %,液比4∶1。蒸煮过程中木质素脱除可分为大量脱除、补充脱除和残余脱除木质素3个阶段。蒸煮终点,浆料的Kappa值较高,即甜竹比较难煮。     

预处理硫酸盐制浆溶出木质素的结构特性

用元素分析、1 H -NMR和1 3C -NMR波谱比较了硫化钠预处理硫酸盐制浆和常规硫酸盐制浆溶出木质素的化学结构。结果表明 ,预处理制浆溶出木质素的硫元素与甲氧基含量及脱木质素反应均不同于常规硫酸盐制浆。硫化钠预处理木质素降解反应有其特殊的规律     

未漂硫酸盐针叶木浆的酶促打浆

研究了生物酶对未漂硫酸盐针叶木浆酶促打浆后打浆度和纸浆物理性能的影响,确定了酶促打浆的最佳工艺条件,探讨了BIO-RE100半纤维素酶在最佳打浆工艺下对打浆功耗的影响．研究结果表明,生物酶处理最佳工艺条件是：温度为40℃、酶用量为1000g／t、pH值为6、时间为60min．在此最佳条件下使用生物酶预处理浆料,打浆功耗可以降低33％,纸浆物理性能有所提高．扫描电镜分析结果表明,纤维表面剥蚀程度较大,细纤维化程度有所提高,纸浆纤维切断较少．     

漆酶和漆酶/介体体系对AOCC浆的改性和纤维表面变化

利用NS51003漆酶对美国旧瓦愣纸箱（AOCC）浆进行生物酶改性，研究了漆酶用量对AOCC浆强度性能的影响。研究结果表明，在最佳酶促反应条件下，即：浆料浓度5％；pH7；反应温度室温；反应时间1h；通空气时，漆酶最佳用量为16U／g。同时还发现，漆酶处理过程中加入介体（丁香酸甲酯MS）后，与单独用漆酶处理相比，AOCC浆的湿抗张强度和湿环压强度均得到进一步的明显提高，这说明介体MS对促进漆酶处理AOCC浆有显著的效果。对漆酶处理和空白的浆样与手抄片进行扫描电镜分析的结果表明，经过漆酶处理后，纤维表面状况发生了明显的变化。     

HYDROLYSIS OF PAPER-DISHWARE WASTES BY CELLULASE

The optimum conditions of hydrolysis of cellulosic wastes by cellulase were studied. The results show that the optimum conditions of sulfuric acid pretreatment were sulfuric acid consistency 0.3M,pretreatment temperature 100℃, pretreatment time 4hours. After sulfuric acid pretreatment, the optimum conditions of hydrolysis by cellulase were enzymatic temperature 50℃ ,enzymatic time 48hours,pH4.8,the charge of cellulase 100IU/g and the substraste consistency 60g/l. Meanwhile this paper studies that the structural change of cellulose during sulfuric acid pretreatment and cellulase hydrolysis by analyzing the infrared spectra.     

氧脱木素过程中羟基自由基的控制

氧脱木素的主要问题是提高其脱木素选择性,而氧脱木素过程中产生的含氧自由基是影响其脱木素选择性的主要因素.而本文用改进的Fenton反应Co2 -H2O2体系产生羟基自由基(HO.),用茜素紫3B的氧化来显色测定HO..将Co2 -H2O2体系与深度脱木素竹浆进行反应,并通过添加HO.捕获剂来控制HO.的数量,研究HO.与竹浆中木素和碳水化合物的反应情况.把HO.捕获剂作为助剂用于深度脱木素竹浆氧脱木素过程,研究HO.的量对氧脱木素过程的影响.研究结果表明,HO.能与木素和碳水化合物发生反应,具有脱木素作用,但对碳水化合物的降解也较严重.HO.捕获剂具有清除HO.的作用,在氧脱木素过程中加入HO.捕获剂能减少碳水化合物的降解,提高氧脱木素选择性.     

EXAMINATION OF POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS AND POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS INTO PROCESS WATER OF KRAFT PULP BLEACHING MILL FROM ASPECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL WATER QUALITY

INTRODUCTIONDuring the 1980s, the fact that chlorine used for pulp bleaching is connected to the release of dioxins1 and chloroform2 into the environment was proven in Canada and other countries. Since that time, each papermaking company has also been implementing a variety of policies designed to reduce dioxins generation. However, the Law Concerning Special Measures against Dioxins took effect in Japan on 15th January 2000. According to the new law, "kraft pulp and sulfite pulp bleac…     

活化剂在麦草硫酸盐浆中无氯和少氯漂白中的应用

在麦草ＫＰ浆的无氯和少氯漂白程序中使用活化剂,可促进脱木素作用并提高浆的白度。在氧脱木素前用ＮＯ２,硫酸和过氧酸进行预处理比较,以ＮＯ２效果最佳。ＮＯ２用量２％,处理后浆的卡伯值比未处理降低了６％,白度提高４％,粘度只下降１．６％。在Ｄ／ＣＥＤＤ漂白程序中,漂前用对有效氯用量８％的Ｓ１２预处理,白度提高２．３％ＩＳＤ,粘度基本无变化;活化剂ＴＡ用于ＮＯＰ三段漂的Ｐ段,用量４％（对浆）,可提高白度４．３％ＩＳＯ,粘度也有明显提高。本试验采用ＧＯＰＡＰＴＡ无氯漂白程序,可使麦草ｋｐ浆漂后白度达８０％ＩＳＯ,但粘度下降较大