一款通用CPU的存储器内建自测试设计

存储器内建自测试（memory built-in self-test,MBIST)是一种有效的测试嵌入式存储器的方法，在一款通用CPU芯片的可测性设计（design-for-testability,DFT)中，MBIST作为cache和TLB在存储器测试解决方案被采用，以简化对布局分散，大小不同的双端口SRAM的测试。5个独立的BIST控制器在同一外部信号BistMode的控制下并行工作，测试结果由扫描链输出，使得测试时间和芯片引脚开销都降到最小，所采用的march13n算法胡保了对固定型故障，跳变故障，地址译码故障和读写电路的开路故障均达到100%的故障覆盖率。     

一种压缩向量对测试集的新方法

通过施加一个测试向量对,瞬态电流测试可以检测出CMOS数字电路中的某些故障,这些故障通常（例如开路故障）不能被传统的电压测试和稳态电流测试有效地检测出来。研究如何有效地压缩向量对测试集与通常的测试向量压缩一样,意义十分重要,但目前人们对此研究得较少。首先使用三种现有的游程编码方法对向量对测试集进行压缩,并比较它们的压缩结果。在此基础上．提出了一种更好的压缩方法。采用新方法对几个ISCAS标准电路的开路故障向量对测试集进行压缩,实验证明压缩效果比三种游程编码方法都要好。而且,新方法的解码代价非常小,适合压缩大型电路的开路故障测试集。     

用于IDDT测试的BIST测试向量生成器

检测CMOS电路中的开路故障通常需要使用测试向量对。内建自测试（BIST）作为一种有效的测试技术可以大大地降低测试开销。设计一种用于IDDT测试的BIST测试向量生成器,它随机产生跳变数为1-2的测试向量对。实验证明。它能以较少的测试向量对检测出比较多的故障。     

FAN算法在瞬态电流测试产生中的应用

在不考虑冒险的情况下，对于CMOS电路中的开路故障，探讨了利用FAN算法进行瞬态电流测试产生的可能性，定义了三种不同的D前沿，并将测试产生分为激活故障，使无故障电路和故障电路的瞬态电流差别最大化，减少旁路的影响三个部分，实验结果说明，在不考虑冒险的情况下，将FAN算法应用于瞬态电流测试产生是可行的。     

基于PSO-PF-SVM的模拟电路故障诊断

针对模拟电路输出信号存在的非线性、高维数等特点所带来的诊断困难问题,提出一种支持向量机(SVM)分类器参数优化算法,进行模拟电路故障诊断.首先,运用S变换与灰度共生矩阵(GLCM)组合方法S-GLCM,对电路输出信号进行故障特征提取.其次,采用粒子群算法(PSO)与粒子滤波算法(PF)融合,通过重采样实时更新粒子的位置和速度,对SVM参数进行高效寻优,并将特征向量代入模型中进行训练和测试,完成对电路各故障模式的高精度故障诊断.最后,通过两个国际基准电路试验对该方法进行可靠性分析.试验结果表明：S-GLCM在处理非线性、非平稳信号时表现出很大优势,将电路输出信号每组1 500个采样点降为8维特征向量,减少冗余信息;该SVM分类器参数优化算法的诊断准确率较未优化算法提升约11.2%.     

3.53×10-6m/℃非带隙VT/Vth互补偿CMOS电压基准

提出了一种基于阈值电压Vth与热电压VT相互补偿的新型非带隙CMOS电压基准源.采用一种新型电路结构提取正比于Vth的电流,通过自偏置电流镜结构获得正比于两个三极管VBE之差的电流输出,两者在公共电阻上的线性叠加,实现Vth与VT的相互补偿.基于3.3 V电源电压0.35 μm标准CMOS工艺模型在Cadance Spectre仿真环境下对电路进行模拟验证,获得以下结果输出基准电压为716.828 mV,在-55℃～+125℃范围内,其温度系数为3.53×10-6m/℃;VDD在2.7 V～4 V之间变化时,输出电压变化率为1.346%.     

布线约束下的低功耗扫描测试

分析了扫描测试过程中功耗产生的原因,研究了扫描触发器跳变对内部组合逻辑锥的影响,并对其进行建模,将计算得到的影响函数值作为扫描链重排序的依据.然后,基于扫描链结构的特殊性,分析了布线约束对扫描链重新排序的影响,并将布线约束简化,提出了一种同时兼顾低功耗和布线约束的算法.该算法不需要迭代,通过一次运行即可得到扫描链重排序的结果,在保证后端设计可行性的前提下,尽可能减少了高影响值扫描单元上的跳变次数,实现了对扫描测试功耗的优化.基于电路测试算例以及ISCAS89基准电路集中的电路s298和s5378,进行了仿真实验,结果表明:所提算法可以使扫描测试功耗降低12%,对故障覆盖率以及测试时间没有任何影响,而且不需要任何硬件开销,可应用于芯片的量产测试.     

CMOS 存储器中地址译码器的开路故障及测试

对 CMOS存储器中地址译码器的开路故障进行了分析和分类 ,得出了其中有一类开路故障不能用常用的测试算法可靠的测试出 ,给出了测试该类开路故障的测试方法以及针对该类开路故障的容错性设计方案     

改进适应度评价的多态自检电路进化设计算法

 针对传统多态自检电路进化设计算法适应度评价阶段丢失潜在解的问题,提出了一种改进适应度评价方法。利用扩展评价将传统算法中随机选择输出位对候选电路进行评价的方法改进为完全评价方法,通过动态选择输出位对电路做出最恰当的评价,防止潜在解的丢失;对于多态电路扩展评价结果采用比较选择选取在多种工作模式下适应度最高的输出位,完成进化电路最优结构配置。外部进化设计实验结果表明,所提方法仅需4个测试向量就能检测出组合电路中的所有固定性故障。电路中不需额外的输入/输出信号,通过加法器进位输出位的震荡可以指出错误的存在,同时电路原始输入信号即可作为检测输入信号。与传统进化设计算法相比,进化代数减少了90.6%—91.7%,成功获得最优解时电路使用门个数减少8%—9.7%,具有进化迭代次数少和资源消耗低等优点。     

交叉耦合结构集成石英晶体振荡器相位噪声与稳定性研究

通过对相位噪声进行频域分析,构建Lesson噪声优化模型,优化电路参数;并分析预抑制电路的小信号模型,优化其元器件参数,研究带RC滤波器的CMOS交叉耦合结构振荡器的相位噪声和稳定性.基于NUVOTON 0.35 μm工艺,采用Cadence完成电路设计、优化与仿真,版图设计与后仿真,并最终完成流片、测试.结果表明:在电源电压为3.3 V时,该振荡器的输出信号频率为20 MHz,相位噪声分别为-135 dBc/Hz@1kHz,-156.4 dBc/Hz@10 kHz,-169.2 dBc/Hz@1MHz.当电源电压在±10%范围变化时,频率波动小于81×10-6;在工作温度-25 ℃至85 ℃范围内,频率波动小于71×10-6.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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