相对论平均场理论下包含强超子-超子相互作用的热中子星

在相对论平均场的框架内研究有限温度下包含强超子-超子（YY）相互作用的中子星性质．结果表明，无论是否包含强YY相互作用，中子星物质的性质随温度变化的趋势都是一样的．随着温度升高，超子出现的临界密度会降低，超子丰度也会增加．在低密度和高密度区域，状态方程随着温度的增加而变硬；但在中间密度区域，状态方程随着温度的增加而变软．较高温度的中子星物质将会拥有较大的最大质量．     

超子-超子相互作用强度对热中子星内强子-夸克相变的影响

在RMFT和MIT口袋模型的框架内研究了超子-超子(YY)相互作用强度对中子星物质内强子-夸克相变的影响.研究发现,中子星内强子-夸克相变与YY相互作用强度是有关联的.弱YY相互作用使得中子星内更容易发生强子-夸克相变.强YY相互作用则使得中子星内超子含量增多.温度升高,YY相互作用强度的影响会减弱.     

有限温度下强超子-超子相互作用对中子星的影响

文章在相对论平均场的框架内研究了有限温度下强超子-超子（YY）相互作用对中子星物质的影响．结果表明，包含强YY相互作用后，（1）星体会被进一步的超子化；（2）星体最大质量变小而相应的半径变大．另一方面，随着温度的升高，YY项对中子星物质的主要影响迅速减弱．在高于约46MeV时，强YY项在中子星里的效果是可以忽略的．     

核子耦合参数对中子星中超子相的影响

中子星中超子的出现以及超子的比例对中子星的性质具有重要影响,不同的核子相互作用模型如何影响中子星中的超子是一个重要物理问题.从相对论平均场理论出发,选取不同核子耦合参数,计算了中子星中超子的数密度,发现不同类核子耦合参数对中子星中超子出现和中子星向超子星转变的转变密度有不同影响,而且核子相互作用的σ介子势和ω介子势影响显著,而ρ介子势影响较小.这些结果对大质量中子星性质的理论研究具有重要参考价值.     

RMF中有效相互作用对有限温度中子星性质的影响

从相对论平均场（Relativistic Mean Field,RMF）理论出发,考虑核子、超子和介子的相互作用,研究了一定温度（T=20 MeV）下,各种不同相互作用参数组（DDME1、TW99、NL2、TM1、TM2、GL85和GL97）对中子星物质的粒子组成、状态方程和质量等的影响.发现在不同参数组下,相对论平均场对中子星性质和整体结构的描述有所不同.其中DDME1和TW99计算的结果基本相同,它们给出较强的介子场势、较小的超子转变密度、较硬的物态方程和较大的质量极限;而GL97、 TM1和GL85     

流夸克质量对混合星性质的影响

利用强子物质的相对论平均场理论和夸克物质的有效质量口袋模型, 研究流夸克质量的选取对混合星性质的影响. 结果表明, 随着流夸克质量的增大, 强子\|夸克相变使密度变大, 超子种类变多, 混合相区域的状态方程变硬, 中子星的最大质量及半径变大. 当奇异流夸克质量由90 MeV增到200 MeV时, 混合星最大质量由1.4 M⊙增至1.63 M⊙（M⊙=1.99×1030kg为太阳质量）, 半径由10.24 km增至11.64 km.      

超子同位旋相互作用对中子星性质的影响

作者从相对论平均场理论出发，考虑到核子、超子和介子的自由度，研究了不同∑超子同位旋相互作用对中子星性质的影响．经计算发现，大的三超子与ρ介子耦合常数对中子星中∑^-超子的出现有抑制作用，当该耦合常数超过1．4时，不会有∑^-出现，同时其它超子(比如∧，虽Е^-等)则在更小的密度下生成．该同位旋耦合常数亦对中子星物质的状态方程有影响，耦合常数越大，状态方程越硬，得到的中子星的最大质量越大．由计算结果得中子星的最大质量为1．3～1．4M⊙(M⊙为太阳质量)，与观测结果基本相符。     

大质量中子星可包含超子

在相对论平均场理论(RMFT)框架下考虑超子自由度, 用7个参数组计算中子星的质量, 并分析超子耦合常数对中子星最大质量的影响. 结果表明: 对应状态方程（EOS）较硬的3个参数组（NLSH,NL3,NL2）, 中子星的最大质量可达已观测到中子星PSR J0348+0432和PSR J1614-2230及双中子星合并GW170817中给出的质量, 即大质量中子星结构中可包含超子相； 随着超子耦合常数χ的增大, 状态方程变硬, 中子星最大质量增大； 当NLSH参数组的χ≥0.6时, 中子星最大质量均大于2M⊙（M⊙为太阳质量）. 因此, 合理选择状态方程较硬的参数组与较强超子耦合常数可获得大质量中子星.     

亚高山红桦根及根际土壤生化特性对升高温度和CO2的响应

通过川西亚高山野外大型控制实验,研究了红桦不同密度下的根系生物量、根际土壤微生物数量和根际土壤酶活性对短期升高温度（ET,相对室外平均升温2.4±0.4 ℃）、升高大气CO2浓度（EC,平均增加15.5±1.0 μmol·L^-1）及交互作用（ETC,生长室相对室外平均升温2.2±0.5　℃并CO₂浓度平均增加15.8±1.2　μmol·L^-1）的响应.初步结果表明：升高大气温度或CO₂浓度均能够显著促进红桦低密度和高密度下单株根系生物量;升高温度和CO₂浓度及二者共同升高对微生物类群和数量影响不同,升高温度细菌、真菌数量以及低密度下放线菌数量显著增加,而高密度下放线菌数量显著下降;升高CO₂浓度下高密度时细菌和真菌数量增加而低密度下均显著下降;升高温度（ET）显著抑制高、低密度下红桦根际土壤多酚氧化酶活性,升高CO₂（EC）根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性在2种密度条件下均不同程度升高,土壤脲酶和多酚氧化酶活性则降低;ETC条件下,根际土壤多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶在2种密度下均表现出不同程度的降低,但脲酶活性在高、低密度条件下对ETC表现出不同的响应结果.     

CFL色超导能隙对混合星性质的影响

用相对论平均场理论(RMFT)描述强子物质, 用MIT口袋模型描述色味锁闭(CFL)色超导夸克物质, 用GL85,GL1和NL3参数组考察CFL色超导能隙（Δ）对混合星性质的影响. 结果表明: 随着Δ的增加, 混合星的最大质量和半径分布在3个区域, 强子星区（Δ<76 MeV）、 中间相变过渡区域（76 MeV≤Δ<160 MeV）与CFL色超导夸克星区（160 MeV≤Δ≤200 MeV）; 随着Δ的增加, 混合星内强子 CFL夸克相变的相变密度变小, 相变区域变窄, 状态方程（EOS）先变软后变硬, 星体的最大质量先减小后增加; GL85和GL1参数组研究 CFL色超导能隙对混合星性质的影响规律一致; NL3参数组在较小能隙（Δ<30 MeV）可获得PSR J1614 2230中子星.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with