Al65Fe10Zr20Gd5非晶态合金的制备与晶化P

研究Al65Fe10Zr20Gd5混合粉末的机械合金化引起的非晶态化过程,采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）分析混合粉末的结构演变和形貌,用差热分析仪（DTA）分析非晶态合金的热稳定性。结果表明,粉末在机械合金化过程中先细化,由初始粉末直接扩散固溶导致晶格崩溃形成非晶,球磨60h后Al65Fe10Zr20Gd5完全非晶化。DTA曲线显示非晶合金晶化呈现单一的放热峰。合金在923K等温退火1h后,完全晶化,析出复杂的中间相,表现出多晶型晶化的特点,晶化产物为Fe5Gd、Fe2Zr、Al2Gd3和α-（Al）固溶相。Al65Fe10Zr20Gd5非晶晶化激活能为259.64 kJ.mol-1,该非晶合金具有较高的热稳定性和较强的抗晶化能力。     

压力及扩散反应对非晶Fe-Mo-Si-B结晶粒度的影响

在780～930K,3～6GPa条件下,研究Al与非晶（Fe0.99,Mo0.01）78Si9B13（FMSB）界面扩散反应对非晶FMSB结晶粒度的影响．结果表明,有界面反应的非晶FMSB晶化的α－Fe固溶体的晶粒尺寸小于纯非晶FMSB晶化的α－Fe固溶体,并随Al含量的增加而减小．     

高能球磨制备Y-Al-Mg-Si-O-N氧氮微晶玻璃

研究高能球磨对Y-Al-Mg-Si-O-N氧氮玻璃原料的非晶化作用。通过X线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,研究球磨转速和球磨时间对Y-Al-Mg-Si-O-N氧氮玻璃原料粉末结构和形貌的影响。研究结果表明:在本实验条件下,随着球磨转速的增加和球磨时间的延长,粉末中的TiO2和MgO首先被非晶化,Y2O3和ZrO2随后也向非晶相转变,SiO2部分被非晶化,Si3N4和Al2O3未发生明显非晶化;在球磨过程中,粉末粒度逐渐变小,由大而薄的片状和纤维状逐步变成细小的球状;粉末的晶粒细化和非晶化促进粉末烧结过程的进行,对于3Y2O3-10Al2O3-3MgO-65SiO2-15Si3N4-2TiO2-2ZrO2体系粉末样品,烧结线收缩率最大达到4.97%,抗弯强度最大为78.1MPa;而对于3Y2O3-10Al2O3-3MgO-50SiO2-30Si3N4-2TiO2-2ZrO2体系粉末样品,烧结线收缩率最大达到7.8%,最大抗弯强度为123.1MPa。     

机械合金化制备Nb_3Al超导体的工艺研究

利用机械合金化方法制备了一系列不同的Nb3Al块材,研究了球磨时间及退火温度对Nb3Al超导体成相及超导性能的影响,并采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和磁学测量系统等详细分析了不同制备条件下Nb3Al超导体的相成分、微观组织结构,以及超导性能的变化.结果表明:将Nb和Al粉末混合后,利用高能球磨设备,球磨1 h即可以生成Nb(Al)ss过饱和固溶体;当球磨时间增加到10 h时,样品粉末发生了非晶化.通过调节球磨时间、退火温度,成功制备出超导起始转变温度达到15.3 K的单相Nb3Al超导体.     

(FeCo)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9的晶化处理及微结构

采用熔体快淬＋晶化处理方法制备宽度为4mm、厚度为30μm的（FeCo）73．5Cu1Nb3Si13．5B9纳米晶软磁合金,并用XRD和TEM对其微结构进行表征。研究结果表明：（FeCo）73．5Cu1Nb3Si13．5B9于600℃晶化处理15min后具有较高的饱和磁化强度（1、30T）和较小的矫顽力（4．61A／m）;提高晶化温度至700℃,合金的软磁性能迅速降低,饱和磁化强度为1．02T,矫顽力增大至1．95kA／m：于600℃晶化处理5min时,合金主要由非晶构成,同时有少量α-Fe（Si）相;于600℃晶化处理15min后合金由α-Fe（Si）主相和少量残余非晶相构成,α-Fe（Si）相的晶粒粒径约为15nm;于700℃晶化处理15min后,合金由α-Fe（Si）相、残余非晶相和少量Fe3B相构成,α-Fe（Si）相的晶粒粒径约为27．9nm。Fe3B相的形成、α-Fe（Si）相晶粒粒径的长大和晶格常数的增大直接导致合金软磁性能下降。     

机械诱发非晶Finemet合金的纳米晶化

利用X射线衍射（XRD）研究了高能球磨条件下非晶Fe73．5Cu1NB3Si13．5b9合金的机械诱发纳米晶化过程，并根据化学成分偏聚、局域高压、局域高温以及Johnson-Mehl-Avrami（JMA）晶化动力学模型解释了纳米晶化的过程和机制．研究结果表明：非晶Fe73．5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金机械诱发纳米晶化的产物为复杂的α-Fe固溶体和稳定的Fe2B金属间化合物，α-Fe固溶体相晶粒尺寸为2．0-6．5nm，其纳米晶化过程和晶化产物是由化学成分富集、碰撞引起的局域高压和局域高温共同作用的结果；机械诱发纳米晶化过程中的Avrami指数n=1．59，动力学反应速率常数k=0．1287h^-1，表明机械诱发纳米晶化过程中形核机制为均匀形核，晶粒生长机制为从小尺寸晶核开始的三维生长．     

高能球磨Ti/Al复合粉固相反应烧结工艺

采用金相和能谱方法对Ti、Al箔的固相扩散反应行为进行了研究,建立了TiAl3相层厚度生长的计算公式.并在此基础上,探讨了球磨Ti/Al复合粉的两步固相烧结工艺.研究表明:两步固相烧结法可有效抑制烧结引起的粉末体变形,获得具有典型显微组织的致密烧结材料;尽管延长低温预烧时间可获得由TiAl与Ti3Al组成的热稳定性较好的组织,但组织致密度偏低,为了获得高致密的TiAl合金,仍需后续高温烧结.实验还表明,高能球磨促进了TiAl基合金组织细化,且球磨时间越长烧结组织晶粒越细小;双态组织中的层片组织含量随球磨时间延长而增加,但长时间球磨由于非晶化的出现又会引起层片组织含量下降.     

喷射成形制备La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3块体非晶合金

采用喷射沉积成形方法制备了La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3块体非晶合金. 结果表明,沉积态La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3非晶合金比以往报道的采用甩带法制备的同成分非晶合金具有更大的约化玻璃转变温度和更宽的过冷液相区. 非晶的晶化实验表明,晶化初期多种晶相同时结晶析出. 483K退火时,在非晶基体中析出Al和AlNi. 503K退火时进一步析出La和未知相. La62Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3非晶合金在573K退火没有新相产生,合金晶化态组织由Al、AlNi、La和未知相组成.     

Cu-Zn-Al_2O_4复合粉末的机械合金化反应

采用X射线衍射仪、电子扫描、TEM透射电镜和DTA差热分析等手段,研究了在Ar气氛保护下Cu-Zn-Al2O4粉在高能球磨过程中发生的机械合金化反应,分析了不同球磨时间对α-Cu的晶格常数和粉体成分、形貌、热稳定性的影响.结果表明:随着球磨时间延长,Cu的晶格常数不断变化,晶粒尺寸可细化至22nm;高能球磨120h后,可获得纳米氧化铝颗粒弥散分布的Cu-Zn复合粉末;Cu-Zn-Al2O4混合粉在700-850℃之间加热时,会出现Al2O4的晶化转变,球磨时间越长,Al2O4晶化转变温度越高,固溶体的熔点温度降低,球磨60h后熔化温度可降为1045℃.     

机械合金化法制备Cu-Ti-Zr基非晶合金

采用机械合金化法成功制备Cu40Ti60-xZr(x=0,10,30,50)非晶合金.研究Cu-Ti-Zr合金粉末由晶态向非晶态转变过程中的组织结构变化,探讨非晶合金的形成机制,以及非晶合金的热稳定性和晶化产物.结果表明,非晶合金直接从初始元素得到,在反应过程中没有金属间化合物出现,非晶化过程可以由间隙扩散模型来解释.Cu40TixZry非晶粉末的DSC分析表明,随着Ti含量的降低和Zr含量的升高,非晶粉末的晶化温度Tx逐渐升高,对非晶粉末在相应的Tx温度附近退火15min后发现,Cu40Ti30Zr30合金没有析出相,Cu40Ti1Zr50析出了Zr2Cu,Cu4Ti和少量的一些未知相.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with