酸碱平衡紊乱实验中家兔血气正常值统计

病理生理实验中酸碱平衡紊乱是很重要的一个章节，这个实验普遍采用家兔做为实验动物，但其血气指标正常值报道和归纳较少。本工作将学生实验中的多组数据进行统计，对家兔动脉学的pH值，PCO2、BE、HCO3^-、O2Sat进行了数据分析，得出家兔正常血气值的范围，为日后实验教学提供参考数据。选取健康家兔60只，雌雄不限，体重在1．8-3．0kg，劲总动脉取土，使用德国拜尔公司的238血气分析仪测定上述各值。结果显示，pH=7．30～7．56、PaCO2=16．09～32．63、PaO2=81．59～117．35，BE=-16．49～2．83、HCO3=12．90.2～27．20。     

新西兰兔血气和部分血液生理生化参数的测定

目的建立新西兰兔血气等生理参数,为医学实验研究提供数据。方法在麻醉状态下采取股动脉抗凝血,应用血气分析仪进行血气和部分血液生理生化指标的测定;通过股动脉插管测量血压。结果总二氧化碳(TCO2):19.9 mmol/L～37.1 mmol/L;红细胞压积(HCT):28.1%～42.9%PCV;血红蛋白(Hb):9.6 g/dL～14.6g/dL;pH:7.40～7.52;二氧化碳分压(PCO2):28.3 mmHg～49.1 mmHg;氧分压(PO2):53.4 mmHg～91.0 mmHg;碳酸氢根离子(HCO 3-):19.00 mmol/L～35.8 mmol/L;碱剩余(BE):-6.38 mmol/L～13.3 mmol/L;血氧饱和度(sO2):90.0%～99.0%;iCa:1.59 mmol/L～1.71 mmol/L;Na+:125.3 mmol/L～151.9 mmol/L;K+:1.77 mmol/L～4.55 mmol/L;平均动脉压(MABP):77.5 mmHg～128.5mmHg。结论新西兰兔的血气和部分血液生理生化参数与人和其他实验动物有较大差异。     

家兔血气指标正常值测定及初步分析

目的统计家兔血气指标正常值,为教学实验及研究提供数据参考。方法选取健康成年大耳白兔190只,麻醉状态下股动脉取血,利用血气分析仪测定各项血气指标,通过颈总动脉插管监测血压。结果 p H值:7.28~7.52;二氧化碳分压(Pa CO_2):16.60~36.44 mm Hg;氧分压(Pa O_2):89.00~99.75 mm Hg;红细胞比容(HCT):30.90%~38.10%;碳酸氢盐(HCO_3~-):7.83~23.51 mmol/L;碱剩余(BE):-16.20~0.90 mmol/L。结论家兔血气指标正常值与人类相比存在较大差异。     

持续呼气末二氧化碳分压与动脉二氧化碳分压相互的关系

为探讨呼气末二氧化碳分压(PetCO2)与动脉二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)的相关性及其影响因素。选择成年颅内手术患者20例,全麻维持采用异丙酚60~100μg/kg。min复合异氟醚吸入,加卡肌宁6~9μg/kg。min微电脑泵输注,呼吸机控制呼吸,呼吸频率12次/分,氧流量1.5~2.0L/min。开颅后调节潮气量,使PetCO2分别为25mmHg(T1)、30mmHg(T2)、38mmHg(T3),并维持30min后采取动脉血,测定血气及生化各指标。在抽取动脉血标本时,需要保持脉搏血氧饱和度SpO2在99%~100%,各时相间心率与动脉血压之差±15%。得出3组间pH、PaCO2和总二氧化碳(TCO2)差异显著,而PaCO2与PetCO2之差(Pa-etCO2),HCO3-,BE以及Na+、K+值无组间差异,这表明颅内手术控制性过度通气时,PetCO2是反映PaCO2变化的可靠指标。     

CTX对家兔肺损伤早期血气与酸碱平衡调节改变的研究

应用油酸、肾上腺素型肺损伤模型观察家兔早期血气变化,并与CTX组进行对照比较.结果表明:家兔注射CTX、油酸和肾上腺素后3h,呼吸呈进行性加快,PaO2和O2SAT下降,PaCO2、ctCO2、HCO3—降低.CTX引起血气中各项指标改变是肺急性损伤所致,与油酸、肾上腺素型肺损伤相似.     

过硫酸盐催化氧化降解染料废水试验研究

本文对过硫酸钾催化降解罗丹明B染料废水进行了试验研究。结果表明,药剂投加量以及pH值对罗丹明B染料废水的脱色效果具有显著影响。在[罗丹明B]=50mg/L的初始情况下,[K2S2O8]=3mmol/L,[Fe（Ⅱ）]=1mmol/L,pH值为中性偏酸范围脱色效果最佳;在这个条件下,反应时间2h后,罗丹明B脱色率达到99%以上。     

高原红景天对家兔静脉血气与电解质的影响

将20只健康家兔随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组家兔每日喂服红景天煎液1mL一周,运用i-STAT手持式血气分析仪,测定分析其静脉血液pH、PCO2、PO2、HCO3、BE、SO2、TCO2、HCT、Hb和电解质Na、K、iCa指标与对照组比较发现,红景天煎液可以明显提高实验组家兔PO2和SO2(P0.01),降低PCO2(P0.01).     

体内血气和电解质传感器

血气和电解质值是医院临床护理的重要控制指标,一般人的血气和电解质正常值为:氧分压(PO_2)10665.6～13865.28Pa,二氧化碳分压(PCO_2)4366.56～6351.46Pa,pH7.31～7.45,钠(Na~+)135～155mmol/L,钾(K~+)3.6～5.5mmol/L,离子钙(iCa~(2+))1.14～1.3mmol/L。但由于这些检验一般     

液相还原法制备纳米Cu-Ni合金粉末

在液相水合联氨还原法工艺基础上,通过改进工艺,制备出平均粒径为90 nm、黑色无定形的纳米级Cu-Ni合金,研究了该工艺优化的还原反应条件:反应体系温度70℃,还原剂浓度[N2H4.H2O]=3.00 mol/L,反应物浓度[CuSO4]=1.50 mol/L,[NiSO4]=1.50 mol/L,反应的pH=8.00.     

H2O2/Fe2+和H2O2/Fe3+系统氧化活性染料废水的研究

论述了H2O2/Fe^2＋和H2O2/Fe^3＋对商业染料活性红（FN-2BL red）、活性蓝（C-R blue）和活性黄（C-2R yellow）废水COD和色度的去除效果.当染料质量浓度为400 mg/L时,实验得出的最佳工艺条件为：H2O2/Fe2＋：pH=3.5, [Fe^2＋]＝1 mmol/L,[H2O2]=646 mg/L, θ=60 ℃, 反应60 min;H2O2/Fe^3＋：pH=2.5,[Fe^3＋]＝1 mmol/L,[H2O2]=646～782 mg/L,θ=60 ℃,反应60 min.在最佳工艺条件下,这两种系统氧化活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水的COD去除率分别达到93.6%、91.3%和93.7%,色度去除率均达到99%以上.改进的H2O2/Fe3＋与H2O2/Fe^2＋比较,达到相同的处理效果可以减少7%H2O2投量,被认为是比较理想的氧化活性染料废水的系统.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the