予处理工艺对18Cr2Ni4wA钢奥氏体晶粒粗化温度的影响

本文研究了四种不同的予处理工艺对渗碳钢１８ＣｒＮｉ４ｗＡ钢奥氏体晶粒粗化温度的影响。研究表明，奥氏体晶粒粗化温度与不同予处理后固溶析出的ＡＩＮ粒子的数量、大小、分布和奥氏体起始晶粒度及其不均匀度有关。提出了提高奥氏体晶粒粗化温度的途径；同时指出了＂本质晶粒度＂概念的不科学性。     

50CrVA钢奥氏体晶粒粗化行为的研究

本文研究了50CrVA钢在不同加热温度和不同保温时间下的奥氏体晶粒长大规律。试验结果表明，50CrVA钢在950℃之前奥氏体化晶粒长大速率缓慢；超过950℃以后晶粒长大速率明显加快。利用Arrhehius公式求得了该钢的奥氏体晶粒临界粗化温度（Tc）约为950℃．最后，对此钢的热处理工艺提出了建议。     

超超临界机组叶片钢KT5331晶粒长大行为

通过在不同温度下等温奥氏体化,研究KT5331钢奥氏体晶粒长大行为,并探讨析出相对奥氏体晶粒长大行为的影响机理. 研究表明,KT5331钢奥氏体晶粒长大可分为三个阶段:1075℃以下,由于含W和Nb的析出相钉扎作用,晶粒长大缓慢;1075℃以上,含W和Nb的析出相溶解,钉扎作用减弱,随加热温度和保温时间延长晶粒迅速长大;1225℃及以上,δ铁素体析出,晶粒尺寸随加热温度升高而急剧减小. 通过拟合分别得到晶粒粗化温度以下( 950~1075℃)和晶粒粗化温度以上(1100~1200℃)的晶粒长大模型.     

加热工艺对Nb-Ti微合金化高强钢的影响

采用金相显微镜、透射电镜(TEM)以及电解分析等仪器和方法对不同加热工艺下,含Nb钢、含Ti钢以及Nb-Ti钢的奥氏体晶粒粒径长大规律和第二相固溶规律进行研究。研究结果表明:随着加热温度增加或保温时间延长,奥氏体晶粒粒径逐渐增大,钢中第二相析出物数量减少、粒径增大;在相同加热工艺下,Nb-Ti钢的奥氏体晶粒粒径比含Ti钢和含Nb钢的小;加热至1 200℃时含Nb钢中Nb基本全部固溶,而当加热温度升至1 300℃时,含Ti钢中仍有TiN无法固溶。Nb-Ti的复合添加使Nb元素的全固溶温度从1 200℃提高至1 250℃;当加热温度为1 150℃和1 200℃时,细小的第二相粒子Ti C和NbC的固溶是造成该温度区间奥氏体晶粒粒径显著增加的主要原因。     

20Cr2Ni4A钢混晶机理的初步研究

本文研究了不同铝含量的20Cr_2Ni_4A 钢奥氏体晶粒长大过程。实验结果表明,本质晶粒度检验中出现混晶与否决定于奥氏体晶粒的粗化温度,而粗化温度的高低又主要受控于钢中的 AIN 相的大小、数量和分布。此外,恒温延时实验结果还表明:在930℃下保温3小时后,继续延长保温时间达100小时,并不发生晶粒长大过程。     

低碳含铌钢粗晶奥氏体再结晶的数值模拟

建立了基于析出、回复和再结晶之间交互作用的低碳含铌钢组织预测模型,用于模拟低碳含铌钢热轧道次间隔期间粗晶奥氏体的再结晶及析出行为,并讨论了模型在绘制低碳含铌钢的再结晶-析出-时间-温度(RPTT)图中的应用. 结果表明,模型对两种低碳含铌钢在热变形道次间隔期间内粗晶奥氏体的组织演变过程的模拟结果与测试数据符合较好,可以有效预测不同低碳含铌钢在不同工艺条件下的析出和再结晶行为.     

一种低焊接裂纹敏感性钢的奥氏体粗化温度研究

通过高温淬火试验观察试验钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸的变化情况.结合金相和TEM观察、显微硬度和第二相粒子的溶解度积公式分析了加热温度和保温时间对试验钢奥氏体晶粒粗化温度、第二相粒子的溶解情况以及显微硬度值的影响.结果表明:试验钢的奥氏体粗化温度在1200℃附近.当加热温度低于1200℃时,大量细小的第二相粒子阻碍奥氏体晶粒粗化;当加热温度高于1200℃时,细小的第二相粒子溶解,奥氏体晶粒出现异常长大.确定试验钢的合理加热温度为1150～1200℃,在此范围内可获得淬火组织的显微硬度值低于HV330.     

15MnV钢热变形中组织变化的数学模型

采用热压模拟机研究了15MnV钢热形变中及其以后的冷却后的组织变化，得到计算组织变化的数学模型，该模型中包括有：单道次形变，多道次形变，等温形变，连续冷却形变等条件的奥氏体再结晶动力学，再结晶晶粒尺寸，再结晶后的晶粒粗化，以及热变形奥氏体转变的铁素体等，用模型计算的结果与实测值吻合较好。     

铌对高钢级管线钢中第二相析出与奥氏体晶粒长大行为的影响

基于双亚点阵模型,计算了两种不同铌含量的高钢级管线钢在不同温度下Nb、Ti和Al的析出量,测定了不同加热温度和保温时间下奥氏体晶粒尺寸,建立两种钢奥氏体晶粒长大模型.发现Nb含量增加提高了其全固溶温度,并且温降过程中Nb析出量显著增多,在晶界两边析出的细小碳氮化物对奥氏体晶粒长大有显著的阴碍作用.高铌钢加热温度为1250℃时奥氏体晶粒显著粗化,预测模型也不同于1050～1200℃的模型,但相同保温温度下晶粒尺寸明显小于低铌实验钢.通过数据拟合计算出高铌钢的长大激活能远远高于低铌钢,再次证明高Nb的管线钢在1200℃以下能够有效地细化奥氏体晶粒,预测模型与实验值吻合较好.     

40Cr钢奥氏体动态再结晶及晶粒细化

在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上以40Cr钢为对象,研究了热变形奥氏体动态再结晶行为以及动态再结晶晶粒尺寸与变形参数间的变化规律.通过控制形变温度、变形量及应变速率等工艺参数,40Cr钢高温形变动态再结晶可使晶粒细化到9 μm左右.奥氏体动态再结晶晶粒尺寸取决于Zener-Hollomon(Z)参数,提高应变速率及降低形变温度都有利于Z参数增大,流变应力峰值较高,奥氏体动态再结晶晶粒减小.在传统的动态再结晶晶粒尺寸公式中引入应变量,得出40Cr钢的动态结晶晶粒尺寸计算公式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has