TiC增强Fe3AI基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能

运用原位合成反应工艺制备了TiC颗粒增强Fe3AI基复合材料。显微分析研究表明，在FeAI中引入TiC颗粒，可以有效地细化材料的显微组织，从而改善材料的热变形和加工工艺性能。TiC强体不仅本身具有很高的热稳定性，而且也大幅度地提高了复合材料的热稳定性。对复合材料进行的一系列性能测试结果显示，在Fe3AI中加入TiC颗粒后，材料的室温和高温强度和抗蠕变性能得到显著提高，但是在一定程度上降低了材料的室温塑性。     

TiC强化Cr12MoV基复合材料的组织和性能分析

用原位合成铸造法制备了TiC弥散强化Cr1 2MoV钢基复合材料 ,对材料的制备工艺、力学性能及微观组织进行了系统的研究 .试验结果表明 ,用原位合成铸造法制备TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料的工艺具有可行性 ,且易于实现工业化生产 .TiC颗粒在基体中分布均匀 ,形状呈块状和球状 ,分布在晶内和晶界上 .颗粒与基体结合良好 ,且无团聚现象 .引入TiC后材料的室温和高温强度比基体材料的强度均有提高 ,说明TiC颗粒起了良好的强化效果 .金属基体与高耐磨性的增强粒子相结合 ,使复合材料获得了优异的耐磨性能 .在提高材料的强度、耐磨性、抗热疲劳性能的同时 ,TiC的加入也使材料的塑性和韧性有一定程度的下降     

AlN和Al2O3纳米颗粒增强铜基复合材料

用粉末冶金法制备了Cu/AlN和Cu/Al2O3两种复合材料,研究了两种纳米颗粒含量对复合材料性能的影响和复合材料的软化温度,并探讨了相关机理,比较了AlN和Al2O3纳米颗粒的增强效果.结果表明,在烧结过程中,弥散分布在铜基体中的AlN和Al2O3纳米颗粒细化了晶粒;随着复合材料中AlN和Al2O3质量分数的增加,材料的密度和导电性都呈下降趋势,而硬度出现极大值;两种复合材料的软化温度均达到700℃,远远高于纯铜的软化温度(150℃),从而提高了材料的热稳定性;综合各种因素考虑,AlN纳米颗粒对铜基体的增强效果要优于Al2O3纳米颗粒.     

准晶颗粒增强的Al基复合材料的热膨胀性能

调查研究了 3种准晶合金铸态Al65Cu2 0 Cr15、急冷态Al65Cu2 0 Cr15和铸态Al65Cu2 0 Fe15颗粒增强的铝基复合材料从室温到 5 0 0℃的热膨胀系数 ,结果表明准晶合金颗粒增强的复合材料的热膨胀系数显著低于基体材料纯铝 .且Al-Cu -Cr系准晶合金颗粒增强的铝基复合材料的热膨胀系数比Al-Cu -Fe系低 .通过理论估算 ,准晶合金具有负的热膨胀系数 ,Al-Cu -Cr系准晶合金的热膨胀系数比Al-Cu -Fe系低 .在Al -Cu -Cr系 ,准晶含量越高 ,其热膨胀系数越低     

TiC强化Crl2MoV基复合材料的组织和性能分析

用原位合成铸造法制备了TiC弥散强化Crl2MoV钢基复合材料，对材料的制备工艺、力学性能及微观组织进行了系统的研究．试验结果表明，用原位合成铸造法制备TiC颗粒增强钢基复合材料的工艺具有可行性，且易于实现工业化生产．TiC颗粒在基体中分布均匀，形状呈块状和球状，分布在晶内和晶界上．颗粒与基体结合良好，且无团聚现象．引入TiC后材料的室温和高温强度比基体材料的强度均有提高，说明TiC颗粒起了良好的强化效果．金属基体与高耐磨性的增强粒子相结合，使复合材料获得了优异的耐磨性能．在提高材料的强度、耐磨性、抗热疲劳性能的同时，TiC的加入也使材料的塑性和韧性有一定程度的下降．     

原位合成VC和TiC颗粒对Fe3Al基合金显微组织的影响

以Fe3Al金属间化合物作为基体,采用反应铸造法制备了含VC,TiC颗粒Fe3Al基合金并研究了颗粒相在Fe3Al合金中的形成机理及颗粒相的加入对Fe3Al基合金显微组织结构的影响。结果表明,TiCp在高温液态熔体中原位合成,且在基体中均匀分布,可以作为异质形核核心而细化Fe3Al基合金铸定组织,从而改善Fe3Al合金的热加工性能;VCp是在固相中形核并长大的,对铸态组织的细化作用下明显,但其对热加工后再结晶组织的细化作用甚于TiCp。     

稀土CeO2作为添加剂制备in situ TiC/Al基复合材料

以稀土CeO2为活性添加剂,用原位接触法+铸造法制备TiC/Al基复合材料.实验表明添加适量稀土CeO2制得的TiC颗粒平均直径为2.2 μm,得到了明显的细化;TiC颗粒在铝基体中均匀分布,且没有脆性相Al3Ti生成;复合材料的延伸率和抗拉强度得到了很大的提高.     

（Ni79Fe21）0．48-（Al2O3）0．52纳米颗粒膜的巨霍尔效应

采用磁控溅射法,在玻璃基片上制备了一系列不同Ni79Fe21含量的(Ni79Fe21)x-(Al2O3)1-x纳米颗粒膜样品,并对样品的巨霍尔效应进行了研究.在(Ni79Fe21)0.48-(Al2O3)0.52颗粒膜样品中,透射电镜(TEM)照片清晰地显示出纳米Ni79Fe21颗粒包裹于Al2O3中,且电子间的量子相干效应明显,这可能是导致霍尔效应增强的主要原因.室温下测出了最大的巨霍尔效应值达到4.5 μΩ*cm.改变基片温度,发现巨霍尔效应值变化不大,说明该颗粒膜具有良好的热稳定性,因而在磁传感器上有良好的应用前景.     

氩弧熔铸TiC-TiB_2/Fe复合材料的组织与耐磨性

为改善合金材料的耐磨性能,采用氩弧熔铸技术,以Fe、Ti、B和C粉为原料,按质量分数比45∶30∶20∶5制备原位合成TiC-TiB2/Fe复合材料。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、洛氏硬度计及摩擦磨损试验机对复合材料的显微组织、物相、洛氏硬度和耐磨性进行分析研究。结果表明:复合材料由原位生成的TiB2和TiC增强颗粒相及α-Fe相组成,颗粒呈块状、板条状和多边形,且颗粒结合地很紧密。复合材料的平均洛氏硬度约为9.37 GPa。在室温干滑动磨损条件下,该熔铸复合材料的耐磨性约是GCr15工具钢的6倍。该研究为原位合成TiC-TiB2/Fe复合材料的制备提供了一种新方法。     

(Ni79Fe21)0.48-(Al2O3)0.52纳米颗粒膜的巨霍尔效应

采用磁控溅射法 ,在玻璃基片上制备了一系列不同Ni79Fe2 1含量的 (Ni79Fe2 1) x (Al2 O3 ) 1-x纳米颗粒膜样品 ,并对样品的巨霍尔效应进行了研究。在 (Ni79Fe2 1) 0 .48 (Al2 O3 ) 0 .52 颗粒膜样品中 ,透射电镜 (TEM )照片清晰地显示出纳米Ni79Fe2 1颗粒包裹于Al2 O3 中 ,且电子间的量子相干效应明显 ,这可能是导致霍尔效应增强的主要原因。室温下测出了最大的巨霍尔效应值达到 4 .5 μΩ·cm。改变基片温度 ,发现巨霍尔效应值变化不大 ,说明该颗粒膜具有良好的热稳定性 ,因而在磁传感器上有良好的应用前景     

Fe3Al／TiC复合材料的耐高温冲蚀性能

研究了Ｆｅ３Ａｌ／ＴｉＣ复合材料在高浓度ＳＯ２和ＳｉＯ２细颗粒气流中的耐高温冲蚀磨损性能,并与Ｆｅ３Ａｌ基合金和钴基高温合金在同等实验条件下进行比较,结果表明：Ｆｅ３Ａｌ／ＴｉＣ复合材料的高温抗冲蚀性优于２种对比材料。ＳＥＭ分析显示：Ｆｅ３Ａｌ／ＴｉＣ复合材料的冲蚀表面形貌以薄片屑形成机制为主。     

Fe基－Al_2O_3复合材料的界面研究

将工业还原铁粉、Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒、炭粉及某种适量粘结剂，通过粉末冶金方法在高温下进行烧结，制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒增强Ｆｅ基复合材料。用ＳＴＥＭ，ＴＥＭ及ＳＥＭ对界面结合机制进行了分析与研究。结果表明，烧结过程中在Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒与Ｆｅ基界面生成了中间相，使Ａｌ２Ｏ３与铁基有良好的结合强度，所制备的Ｆｅ基－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料的硬度、耐磨性已超过相同含碳量的碳钢材料     

Fabrication of Fe–TiC–Al2O3 composites on the surface of steel using a TiO2–Al–C–Fe combustion reaction induced by gas tungsten arc cladding

The aim of the present study was to fabricate Fe–TiC–Al₂O₃ composites on the surface of medium carbon steel. For this purpose, TiO₂–3C and 3TiO₂–4Al–3C–xFe (0 ≤ x ≤ 4.6 by mole) mixtures were pre-placed on the surface of a medium carbon steel plate. The mixtures and substrate were then melted using a gas tungsten arc cladding process. The results show that the martensite forms in the layer produced by the TiO₂–3C mixture. However, ferrite–Fe₃C–TiC phases are the main phases in the microstructure of the clad layer produced by the 3TiO₂–4Al–3C mixture. The addition of Fe to the TiO₂–4Al–3C reactants with the content from 0 to 20wt% increases the volume fraction of particles, and a composite containing approximately 9vol% TiC and Al₂O₃ particles forms. This composite substantially improves the substrate hardness. The mechanism by which Fe particles enhance the TiC + Al₂O₃ volume fraction in the composite is determined.     

Nb对Fe3Al基合金力学性能的改善作用

Ｎｂ对改善Ｆｅ２Ａｌ的高温力学性能有十分重要的作用。在Ｆｅ－２８Ａｌ－５Ｃｒ－０．５Ｍｏ－０．０５Ｚｒ－０．０５Ｂ－０．１Ｃｅ合金中，Ｎｂ的溶解度在０．５ａｔ％左右，Ｎｂ含量超过０．５％时，基体中有富Ｎｂ的第二相颗粒形成。Ｎｂ的加入提高了合金的室温和高温强度，改善了抗蠕变性能，但在一定程度上降低了室温塑性。     

Plasma preparation and low-temperature sintering of spherical TiC–Fe composite powder

A spherical Fe matrix composite powder containing a high volume fraction (82vol%) of fine TiC reinforcement was produced us-ing a novel process combining in situ synthesis and plasma techniques. The composite powder exhibited good sphericity and a dense struc-ture, and the fine sub-micron TiC particles were homogeneously distributed in theα-Fe matrix. A TiC–Fe cermet was prepared from the as-prepared spherical composite powder using powder metallurgy at a low sintering temperature;the product exhibited a hardness of HRA 88.5 and a flexural strength of 1360 MPa. The grain size of the fine-grained TiC and special surface structure of the spherical powder played the key roles in the fabrication process.     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as a carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitanium and asphalt pyro-lyzed as a carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. The TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem of the reactive constituent particles being separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers: one is the composite layer in which the round fine TiC particles (<500 nm) are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layer of TiC and Ti2O3. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68 ± 5(HR30N). In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about 11 times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitanium and asphalt pyrolyzed as carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem that reactive constituent particles are separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers: one is the composite layers in which the round fine TiC particles (<500nm) are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layers of TiC and Ti₂O₃. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68±5(HR30N). In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about 11 times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitaniurn and asphalt pyro- lyzed as a carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. The TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem of the reactive constituent particles being separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers： one is the composite layer in which the round fine TiC particles （〈500 nm） are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layer of TiC and Ti2O3. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68 ± 5（HR30N）. In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about Ⅱ times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

Fe3Al金属间化合物的韧化（I）

通过加铬合金化及合理的热加工工艺,制得了高室温韧性Fe_3Al金属间化合物。实验结果表明:合金元素铬的添加,改变了铁铝合金的断裂模式,即由纯解理断裂模式变为解理、沿晶混合断裂模式;铬的加入改善了室温韧性,提高了解理强度。     

热爆反应原位生成TiC的热力学和动力学探讨

利用Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｃ系热爆反应过程中有关反应的自由能变化和ＤＴＡ曲线，探讨了ＴｉＣ的形成机理。研究结果表明，ＴｉＣ、Ａｌ４Ｃ３和ＴｉＡｌ３都有可能存在于反应过程；