共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Li Zhao Fen Xu Chenchen Zhang Zhenyue Wang Hanyu Ju Xu Gao Xiaoxu Zhang Lixian Sun Zongwen Liu 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2021,31(2):165-179
The global energy crisis and environmental pollution have caused great concern. Hydrogen is a renewable and environmentally friendly source of energy and has potential to be a major alternative energy carrier in the future.Due to its high capacity and relatively low cost of raw materials, alanate has been considered as one of the most promising candidates for hydrogen storage. Among them, LiAlH4 and NaAlH4, as two representative metal alanates, have attracted extensive atte... 相似文献
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研究了不同种类的贮氢合金的晶体结构与贮氢性能之间的相互关系，发现具有产用价值的贮氢合金必须满足一定的结构要求，其贮氢性能与金属原子的半径比，电子层结构以及它们与氢的亲合力有密切关系。 相似文献
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在氩气保护下采用电磁感应熔炼制备La0.7Zr0.1Mg0.2Ni3.4-xCoxFe0.1（x=0.15,0.25,0.35,0.45）合金,研究合金的相结构,以及Co元素部分取代Ni元素对合金的气态储氢性能和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,合金主要由LaNi5、LaNi2以及La2MgNi9相组成。合金电极的最大放电容量分别为346.7mAh/g（x=0.15）、320.3mAh/g（x=0.25）、363.0mAh/g（x=0.35）和313.3mAh/g（x=0.45）,经过65个充放电循环后,合金电极的容量保持率从63.0%（x=0.15）增加到80.2%（x=0.35）,然后再下降到75.0%（x=0.45）。La0.7Zr0.1Mg0.2Ni3.15Co0.25Fe0.1合金具有较高的高倍率放电性能（HRD1200%=67.3）和较大的极限电流密度（IL=386.8 mA/g）,显示出其良好的电化学动力学性能。 相似文献
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《自然科学进展(英文版)》2022,32(5):617-624
The influence of heat exchanger structure on hydrogen absorption-desorption performance of hydrogen storage vessel was studied, in which the AB5 (La0.25Ce0.75Ni4.4Al0.1Mn0.1Co0.4) hydrogen storage alloy was used as a typical representative. In order to obtain the data on reaction enthalpy, the PCT curve of the alloy was measured with three different temperatures, and the linear fitting was carried out according to the Van't Hoff relation curve. The SMCR (Spiral-mini-channel Reactor) reactor structure was adopted. The heat transfer method and its simplified model were studied by finite element method to explore the effect of size of heat transfer structure, particularly for heat pipe diameter, on the hydrogen absorption-desorption performance of hydrogen storage alloy in the vessel. 相似文献
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以5∶1、10∶1、20∶1、30∶1四种不同球科比采用机械合金化方法合成了MoSi_2粉末，通过X射线衍射仪和SEM研究并讨论了球料比对MoSi_2机械合金化过程的影响，指出装球量略小于球罐容积的2/3为宜。 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函的第一性原理方法计算了四角形MgH2的电子结构,通过准谐德拜模型研究了MgH2在压强为0～100 GPa,温度为0～600 K范围内的热力学性质。研究得到了MgH2零温零压下的平衡体积V、晶格常数、带隙,以及体弹模量B0、摩尔定压热容Cp,m、熵S、德拜温度Θ、体膨胀系数α随温度和压强的变化关系。 相似文献
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Jianguang Yuan Jinting Chen Haixiang Huang Yujie Lv Bogu Liu Zhongyu Li Bao Zhang Wei Lv Ying Wu 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2021,31(4):521-526
As two important members of complex hydrides,Mg(BH4)2 and Na BH4 have a high gravimetric capacity (14.9 and10.8 wt%,respectively).In this study,the Mg(BH4)2 was synthesized by the ion exchange method.Afterwards,the Mg(BH4)2 and Na BH4 composites with different amounts (30,40 and 50 wt%) of NdF3 were prepared by mechanical milling.Effects of the Nd F3 on the microstructural evolution and ... 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函的第一性原理方法计算了四角形MgH2的电子结构,通过准谐德拜模型研究了MgH2在压强为0～100 GPa,温度为0～600 K范围内的热力学性质。研究得到了MgH2零温零压下的平衡体积V、晶格常数、带隙,以及体弹模量B0、摩尔定压热容Cp,m、熵S、德拜温度Θ、体膨胀系数α随温度和压强的变化关系。 相似文献
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贮氢合金的开发与研究进展 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
贮氢合金是近年来开发的一类新型高性能材料。本文介绍了贮氢合金的开发和研究的最新进展,论述了它在氢的提纯、热泵、空调、压缩机和镍—氢化物电池等高技术领域中的应用前景。 相似文献
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郭忠平 《厦门大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(3)
用化学共沉淀法,在氢气氛下,进行高温还原扩散,制得LaNi_4Cu金属间化物,经活化后具有良好的贮氢性能,经化学分析、X射线晶体衍射和红外光谱测定,确定该化合物的组成、晶体结构,并阐明贮氢原理。 相似文献
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研究了钛铁锰合金的活化性能,结果表明,钛铁锰合金经过适当活化处理即可吸氢。利用XRD,SEM,XPS电子探针对其物相、形貌及表面组成进行了表征。贮氢性能测试表明其有大的贮氢量及较宽的平台区。△H=-6.4kcal/molH_2,△S=-23.5cal/K.molH_2。动力学测试表明了其有良好的吸氢动力学性能。 相似文献
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An ever growing demand for energy coupled with increasing pollution is forcing us toseek environmentally clean alternative energy resources to substitute fossil fuels. The rapiddevelopment of nanomaterials has opened up new avenues for the conversion and utilization ofrenewable energy. This article reviews nanostructured materials designed for selected applicationsin renewable energy conversion and utilization. The review is based on the authors’ research, withparticular focus on solar hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and hydrogen utilization. Thetopics include photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting and photocatalytic hydrogen production,solid-state hydrogen storage, and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). It is expectedthat the rational design of nanomaterials could play an important role in achieving a renewableenergy based economy in the coming decades. 相似文献
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《自然科学进展(英文版)》2021,31(4):514-520
As a hydrogen storage material, palladium nanoparticle decorated nitrogen doped graphene (Pd/N-rGO) has drawn much attention owing to its high absorption capacity at moderate conditions. However, its hydrogen absorption-desorption cycle performance, which is essential for their practical application, has been rarely studied. In this paper, a simple and convenient high temperature thermal reduction method was used to synthesize nitrogen-doped graphene decorated with Pd nanoparticles (Pd/N-rGO). Taken it as a representative, the hydrogen absorption-desorption cycle performance of Pd/N-rGO was investigated. The results showed that after three cycles the hydrogen storage capacity dropped from 2.9 wt% to 0.8 wt% at 25 °C and 4 MPa pressure. It was found that the palladium nanoparticles shed from Pd/N-RGO sheet after cycle performance test, and then agglomerated. These phenomena will weaken the hydrogen spillover effect, leading to the decrease of hydrogen storage capacity. Meanwhile, decreased defects reduce the hydrogen absorption sites, which will thus deteriorate the hydrogen storage capacity. 相似文献
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MgHn+(n=0,1)分子及分子离子的结构与性质研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
使用高水平从头算CCSD(T)方法和aug-cc-pVTZ基函数分别对MgH分子和MgH 分子离子进行几何优化计算,得到基态电子状态分别为X2Σ和X1Σ,基态势能函数可用Murrell-Sorbie函数表达,并计算得到相应的力常数与光谱数据以及MgH分子的垂直电离势. 相似文献
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Xuezhang Xiao Teng Qin Yiqun Jiang Fulei Jiang Meng Li Xiulin Fan Shouquan Li Hongwei Ge Qidong Wang Lixin Chen 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2017,27(1):112-120
Mg(AlH_4)_2 nanoparticles with a particle size less than 10 nm have been successfully synthesized by mechanochemical method using LiAlH_4 and MgCl_2 as raw materials together with Li Cl buffering additive. In comparison to Mg(AlH_4)_2 microparticles, Mg(AlH_4)_2 nanoparticles exhibit a faster hydrogen desorption kinetics and lower desorption temperature. The hydrogen desorption temperatures of the first and second dehydrogenation steps are 80 and 220 °C for the Mg(AlH_4)_2 nanoparticles, which are about 65 and 60 °C, respectively, lower than those of Mg(AlH_4)_2 microparticles. The decomposition activation energy is reduced from 135 k J/mol for Mg(AlH_4)_2 microparticles to 105.3 k J/mol for Mg(AlH_4)_2 nanoparticles. It is proposed that the shortened diffusion distance and enhanced diffusivity of Mg(AlH_4)_2/MgH_2 nanoparticles provide an energy destabilization for lowering the dehydrogenation temperature, and thus being the key factor for promoting the hydrogen desorption kinetics. More importantly, it is demonstrated that the dehydrided nano MgH_2 hydride with a particle size below 10 nm can be formed after rehydrogenation process, resulting in the good cycling hydrogen desorption performance of nano MgH_2. 相似文献
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As a promising candidate material for hydrogen storage, ammonia borane（NH3BH3） has attracted significant interest in recent years due to its remarkably high hydrogen content. Subjecting this material to high pressure not only enables the formation of novel phases and compounds with exotic properties, but also improves our basic understanding of material’s behavior at different levels of atomic and molecular interactions. This review focuses on the perspective of high-pressure chemical hydrogen storage related to NH3BH3-based materials. Four main aspects are discussed： the structures and bonding of NH3BH3 over a wide pressure–temperature space, thermolysis of NH3BH3 at high pressure, the formation of a novel high-pressure H-rich compound as a result of storage of additional molecular H2 in NH3BH3, and the potential rehydrogenation of the thermally decomposed NH3BH3 under the extreme of pressure. 相似文献
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《自然科学进展(英文版)》2022,32(2):206-214
Rare-earth AB5-type La–Ni–Al hydrogen storage alloys are widely studied due to their extensive application potentials in hydrogen isotope storage, hydrogen isotope isolation and hydrogen compressors, etc. Good hydriding/dehydriding kinetics, easily activation, high reversibility are important factors for their practical application. However, their overall hydrogen storage performance, especially plateau pressure and hydrogen absorption/desorption durability need to be further optimized. In this study, the microstructures and the hydrogen storage properties of as-cast, annealed, and melt-spun LaNi3.95Al0.75Co0.3 alloys were investigated. The experimental results of XRD and SEM showed that all alloys contained a pure CaCu5 type hexagonal structure LaNi4Al phase. The cell volume increased in an order of annealed ?> ?melt-spun ?> ?as-cast, resulting in a lower hydrogen absorption/desorption plateau pressure and a more stable hydride phase. The hydrogen storage capacity of three alloys was almost the same. The slope factor of the annealed and melt-spun alloys is smaller than the as-cast alloy, indicating that heat-treatment process can make the alloys more uniform. For the cycle stability of the alloys, the hydrogen absorption rate of the annealed alloy and melt-spun alloy was much faster than that of the as-cast alloy after 500 cycles. The melt-spun alloy showed high pulverization resistance during hydrogen absorption/desorption, and exhibited an excellent cycling retention of 99% after 500 cycles, suggesting that melt-spinning process can enhance the cycle stability and improve the cycle life of the alloy. 相似文献
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The Mg-9.3 wt% (TiH1.971-TiH)?0.7 wt% Nb nanocomposite has been synthesized by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction (HPMR) approach to enhance the hydrogen sorption kinetics of Mg at moderate temperatures by providing nanosizing effect of increasing H “diffusion channels” and adding transition metallic catalysts. The Mg nanoparticles (NPs) were in hexagonal shape range from 50 to 350 nm and the average size of the NPs was 177 nm. The small spherical TiH1.971, TiH and Nb NPs of about 25 nm uniformly decorated on the surface of the big Mg NPs. The Mg-TiH1.971-TiH-Nb nanocomposite could quickly absorb 5.6 wt% H2 within 5 min at 573 K and 4.5 wt% H2 within 5 min at 523 K, whereas the pure Mg prepared by HPMR could only absorb 4 and 1.5 wt% H2 at the same temperatures. TiH1.971, TiH and Nb NPs transformed into TiH2 and NbH during hydrogenation and recovered after dehydrogenation process. The apparent activation energies of the nanocomposite for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation were 45.0 and 50.7 kJ mol?1, which are much smaller than those of pure Mg NPs, 123.8 and 127.7 kJ mol?1. The improved sorption kinetics of the Mg-based nanocomposite at moderate temperatures and the small activation energy can be interpreted by the nanostructure of Mg and the synergic catalytic effects of Ti hydrides and Nb NPs. 相似文献