Heat and hyposmotic stimulation increase in [Ca^2＋]i by Ca^2＋ influx in rat synoviocytes

Rheumatoid arthritis （RA）, which is marked by inflammatory synovitis, is a common, chronic autoimmune-disease, whose pathogenesis is complex and still unclear. In order to explore the effects of heat and hyposmotic stimuli on synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis, the changes of [Ca^2＋]i induced by heat, hyposmotic and 4α-PDD stimuli were observed in synoviocytes. [Ca^2＋]i elevation induced by heat 28℃, hyposmotic and 4α-PDD stimuli is found to be positively relative to increasing temperature, decreasing osmolality and rising concentration of 4α-PDD. Results show that there is reciprocity among these stimuli and desensitization, and that [Ca^2＋]i elevation depends on Ca^2＋ influx, but not necessarily links to Ca^2＋ release from intracellular stores and voltage-dependent Ca^2＋ channel in synoviocytes. The above characteristics of Ca^2＋ influx are similar to those of TRPV4. A probable mechanism has been suggested that heat and hyposmotic stimulation might increase the level of [Ca^2＋]i by activating the TRPV4-like channel and Ca^2＋ influx in the synoviocytes.     

Phosphatidylglycerol effect on oxygen-evolving activity in Ca2+-depleted photosystem II

The effect of anionic phosphatidylglycerol (PG) on oxygen evolution in a photosystem II (PS II ) particle depleted of Ca²⁺ (designated d_CaPSII ) has been investigated. The major finding is the observation of a new role of PG in the PSII function. That is, PG restores nearly the lost oxygen evolution in d_caPS II particle owing to Ca²⁺ depletion to the levels in intact PS II. Furthermore, there is a stimulation of oxygen-evolving activity in the d_CaPSII complexed with PG in the presence of exogenous CaCl₂, which PG enhances increasingly oxygen evolution with increasing CaCl₂ concentration. It is suggested that PG-induced oxygen evolution recovery of d_Ca PS II particle results from resumption of normal structure in protein by PG effect, whereas the enhancement of oxygen evolution in complex subject to CaCl₂ is ascribed to the optimization of such a structure due to coordination complex formation of Ca²⁺ ions with PG.     

Role of Ubisch bodies secreted by tapetum in Ca2+ transprot

The distribution of Ca²⁺ in the anthers of wheat was observed using cytochemical method of potassium antimonite. At the later tetrad stage, Ubisch bodies carrying Ca²⁺ were observed on the inner surface of tapetum, in anther locule and on pollen surface. The Ubisch bodies contacted with pollen, and Ca²⁺ began to accumulate on pollen surface. At the uninucleate pollen stage, abundant Ubisch bodies were distributed in anther locule, and the amount of Ca²⁺ on pollen surface increased. At the mature pollen stage a large amount of Ca²⁺ ions were localized on the inner surface of tapetum, the surface of pollen and Ubisch bodies. In the pollen wall, Ca²⁺ precipitates arranged in radial lines. These results demonstrated that Ubisch bodies were involved in Ca²⁺ transport from anther wall to pollen surface at some developmental stages of anther.     

Research at channel level on the effect of LaCl3 on Radish (Raphanus satirus L.) vacuolar membrane

We recorded slow vacuolar (SV-type) channel currents of Radish vacuoles successfully for the first time by using the whole-vacuolar patch-clamp recording mode. SV- type currents would increase and threshold potentials of activation would shift towards more negative values with the increase of concentrations of cytosolic Ca²⁺. When 2.5 mmol/ L LaCl₃ and 4 mmol/L EGTA were added to bath solutions, SV-type currents were suppressed remarkably. Then adding LaCl₃ with different concentrations to pipette solutions, we found that LaCl₃ with higher concentrations (＞4 ´ 10^-7 mol/L) had a strong inhibitory effect on SV-type currents, while LaCl₃ with lower concentrations (≤4 ´ 10^-7 mol/L) promoted channel currents. This promoting effect provides an important basis at channel level for researching further the effects of rare earth on physiological activities of plants and the production-increase effects of rare earth fertilizers on crops.     

Callus formation in relation to changes of the membrane Ca2+ in the graft unions ofGinkgo biloba L.

The relationship between the callus formation and intracellular Ca²⁺ at the early stage of development of graft unions inGinkgo biloba L. was investigated. On the second day after grafting, part of the undamaged living cells at the graft interface of the stock and scion in the regions of the cortex and pith began to dedifferentiate or divide. 8 d after grafting, a great number of callus cells were produced from the cortex and phloem, while callus bridges linking the stock with scion formed between the callus cells of the graft partners from the cortex. A membrane Ca²⁺ probe, chlortetracycline (CTC), was used to locate the intracellular Ca²⁺ distribution and it was found that the cortical and pith parenchyma cells were the first to show remarkably increased CTC-Ca²⁺ fluorescence, suggesting that the cortical and other parenchyma cells play a leading role at the early stage of development of graft unions by earlier dedifferentiation and more rapid production of callus cells.     

含Sr2+和Bi3+有机杂化体的合成及其光降解罗丹明B

采用溶剂热法在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中合成了不同摩尔比例的SrCl_2和Bi(NO_3)_3(分别为5%,10%,30%,50%,80%)与对苯二甲酸形成的含Sr~(2+)和Bi~(3+)有机杂化体,并在紫外可见光照射下对其进行了罗丹明B降解活性的评价.结果表明:杂化体在紫外可见光下对RhB降解活性良好,其中SrCl_2摩尔比例10%掺杂的催化剂光降解活性最佳,这归结于其在紫外区域对光有很好的吸收及光生电子和空穴能有效地分离.双金属离子能协同调节有机杂化体的光催化活性.     

Gd3+造影剂在体内金属离子检测中的应用研究进展

体内金属离子的检测常采用磁共振成像(MRI).MRI灵敏度较低,需要造影剂来提高检测的精确度.目前临床上用的造影剂主要是Gd~(3+)螯合物.综述了基于Gd~(3+)造影剂的生物体内金属离子检测的研究进展.     

Mechanisms of peroxynitrite-induced [Ca2+]i increase in single neuronal cell

The mechanism of peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻)-induced [ca²⁺]_i increase in single MN9D cell (Dopaminergic neuroblastoma cell line) was studied by using Fura-2 microfluorometric technique. The results show that ONOO⁻ caused a rapid increase of [Ca²⁺]_i when ONOO₋ was puffed to the cell. Removing Ca²⁺ from the bath or using calcium channel antagonist (CdCl₂, Nifedipine) greatly inhibited the [Ca²⁺]_i increase induced by ONOO⁻¹, suggesting that the opening of L-Ca²⁺ channel makes a great contribution to the [Ca²⁺]_i increase. The effect of sulfhydryl reductive agent (DTT) on ONOO⁻-induced [Ca²⁺]_i increase suggests that ONOO⁻-activating L-Ca²⁺ channel is partly related to its oxidative speciality.     

Eu~(3+)掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及光催化性能的研究

通过溶液法制备了不同铕(Eu3+)掺杂量Ti O2纳米颗粒(Eu3+/Ti O2),利用XRD、TEM、XPS对其进行了表征.在可见光照射下,以光催化降解常用的工业染料为目标反应,探讨了Eu3+掺杂量、催化剂用量、溶液p H值和催化剂重复利用对催化活性的影响,以优化光催化条件.结果表明:煅烧温度为500℃,Eu3+/Ti O2光催化剂晶型为锐钛矿型,其晶粒尺寸为14 nm;Eu3+离子的最佳掺杂摩尔比r(Eu3+︰Ti O2)=3%,样品加入量为1.25 mg/m L,p H=10.75时样品光催件性能最佳;其3次循环降解甲基紫,60 min内降解率仍保持在约96%,说明Eu3+/Ti O2光催化剂具有良好的稳定性.     

Bi~(3+)/Yb~(3+)共掺GdVO_4近红外发光性能研究

使用高温固相法制备了一种新的Bi3+,Yb3+共掺杂GdVO4量子裁剪近红外发光材料,该材料在波长为250~400nm的紫外光激发下发射出很强的近红外光(900~1100nm).由于体系中Bi3+离子的引入,相对于Gd0.9Yb0.1VO4,Gd0.87Yb0.1Bi0.03VO4在989nm处的近红外发光强度提高近120%,且其激发峰也从323nm红移至341nm,整个激发谱带更宽,更有利于实际应用.由于Yb3+离子既可以利用基质中的VO3-4电荷迁移态跃迁的能量,也可以同时利用Bi3+的1S0-3P1能级跃迁传递能量,相对于目前报道的理论量子裁剪效率最高的YVO4:Bi3+,Yb3+,GdVO4:Bi3+,Yb3+无论其近红外发光强度还是可见光发光强度强度皆有提升,是一种很有希望的紫外宽带激发近红外发光材料.     

Effect of Ca on CO2 corrosion properties of X65 pipeline steel

The effect of Ca²⁺ on CO₂ corrosion to X65 pipeline steel was investigated in the simulated stratum water of an oil field containing different concentrations of Ca²⁺. It is found that Ca²⁺ can enhance the corrosion rate, especially in the Ca²⁺ concentration from 256 to 512 mg/L, which can be attributed to the growing grain size and loosing structure of corrosion scales with increasing Ca²⁺ concentration. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations reveal that a complex carbonate (Fe, Ca)CO₃ forms at high Ca²⁺ concentration due to the gradual replacement of Fe²⁺ in FeCO₃ by Ca²⁺.     

La~(3+)-Yb~(3+)/TiO_2纳米功能材料光催化性能的研究

采用超声波震荡法合成了不同La3+、Yb3+掺杂量、不同焙烧温度的La3+-Yb3+/TiO2纳米光催化剂,并对所制得的样品进行了SEM、XRD、FT-IR表征;以碱性品红为目标降解物测试了样品的光催化性能.结果表明:所制样品为纳米级粉体,稀土元素La3+、Yb3+掺杂能细化晶粒,使样品表面积增大,提供更多活性位,提高了样品的催化活性;样品晶型为锐钛矿相TiO2,稀土元素La3+、Yb3+掺杂能抑制金红石相生成,提高样品的热稳定性;随着稀土元素La3+、Yb3+掺杂量的增加,纳米TiO2表面将吸附更多的羟基,羟基具有很高的氧化性,能降解有机物,提高样品的催化性能;光催化实验表明,在500℃焙烧,当n(La3+-Yb3+)∶n(TiO2)=5%时,光催化性能最好,催化剂用量为0.15g/150mL加入1mL氧化剂30%双氧水,在无灯源照射、常温常压不需通氧的条件下,降解浓度为10mg/L碱性品红溶液50min时,降解率达到98.7%.     

Cytoskeleton reorganization and FAK phosphorylation are involved in lanthanum （Ⅲ）-promoted proliferation and differentiation in rat osteoblasts

The effect of lanthanum ion (La³⁺) on osteoblast function and cytoskeleton is assessed in vitro. Osteoblasts were isolated from Sprague-Dawley fetal neonatal rats. Cell proliferation and gene expression levels of cbfa-1, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteopontin (OPN) were examined by cell counting and RT-PCR. Cytoskeleton F-actin was stained with rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin and was visualized by a confocal microscope. As the results, 10⁻⁸-10⁻⁴ M La³⁺-induced osteoblast proliferation on day 2. Data from the RT-PCR assay revealed that 10⁻⁶ M La³⁺ up-regulated the expression levels of ALP, BSP, and cbfa-1 on day 4, while it enhanced the expressions of OC and OPN on day 21. The F-actin cytoskeleton was strengthened and reorganized under the exposure of La³⁺. In addition, the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was significantly promoted in 24 h evaluated by Western blot analysis. These findings indicate that La³⁺ promotes osteoblast activity through the phosphorylation of FAK and reorganization of the cytoskeleton.     

静电纺丝法制备Eu3+掺杂的氧化钆纳米纤维

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP) 为络合剂与Gd(NO3)3·6H2O和Eu(NO3)3·6H2O反应制得前驱体溶液, 采用静电纺丝技术制备了PVP／Gd(NO3)3·Eu(NO3)3复合纳米纤维,经焙烧得到分布均匀、具有较大比表面积的Gd2O3:Eu3+纳米纤维。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)及差热-热重分析(TG-DTA)等现代分析手段对纤维的表面形貌、纯度和结晶度进行了表征。荧光光谱分析表明:随着烧结温度的升高,Gd2O3:Eu3+纳米纤维的结晶度就越高,其荧光性能也越来越强。     

Fe~(3+)/La~(3+)共掺杂纳米TiO_2制备及其性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备系列Fe3+/La3+共掺杂的纳米TiO2,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X-射线能谱仪(EDS),紫外-可见吸收光谱等技术对催化剂进行表征,并以甲基橙溶液为降解目标,测定其在紫外光下光催化活性.结果表明:Fe3+,La3+的掺杂能有效减小TiO2纳米粒子的平均晶粒尺寸,提高了TiO2纳米粉体的分散性;Fe3+/La3+共掺杂的纳米复合光催化剂的吸收强度明显增加,在紫外光下2h后,Fe3+/La3+共掺杂TiO2对甲基橙溶液的降解率达98%以上.     

Effect of La^3＋ on osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells

Lanthanides are increasingly used in industry and agriculture in recent years. These applications increase the accumulation of lanthanides in the human body, especially in bone[1]. Thus, people paid extensive atten-tion to the effect of lanthanides on bon…     

Effects of Yb^3＋ codoping on visible and near infrared emissions of Er^3＋-Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders by the sol-gel method

The 0.1 mol% Er^3＋ and 0-2 mol% Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders were prepared by the sol-gel method, and the phase structure, including only two crystalline types of doped Al2O3 phase, γ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3 and θ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3, was detected at the sintering temperature of 1000℃. The visible and near infrared emissions properties depended strongly on the Yb^3＋ codoping, and the corresponding maximal peak intensities centered at about 523, 545, 660 and 1533 nm were obtained respectively for the 0.1 mol% Er^3＋ and 0.5 mol% Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders, which were composed of θ-（Al,Er,Yb）2O3 and a small amount of γ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3 phases. The two-photon absorption process was responsible for the visible up-conversion emissions, and the one-photon absorption process was involved in the near infrared emissions of the Er^3＋-yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders.