几种单胞藻对太平洋真宽水蚤生物学特性的影响

在静水实验条件下,研究了不同饵料种类和浓度对太平洋真宽水蚤存活率、产粪数和产卵量的影响。结果表明:在食物碳含量为1.0 mg C/L的条件下,不同饵料投喂后,太平洋真宽水蚤的存活率、产粪数和产卵量有明显的差异(P0.05)。投喂亚心形扁藻、中肋骨条藻和三角褐指藻的存活率高于球等鞭金藻和小球藻(P0.05);投喂中肋骨条藻的产粪数明显高于投喂其他4种单胞藻的产粪数(P0.05);投喂亚心形扁藻和中肋骨条藻的产卵量明显高于小球藻(P0.05),其他饵料种类的产卵量无显著差异(P0.05)。实验进一步研究了不同浓度亚心形扁藻和中肋骨条藻对太平洋真宽水蚤生物学的影响,结果表明:不同浓度的亚心形扁藻对太平洋真宽水蚤的产卵量无显著影响(P0.05);不同浓度的中肋骨条藻对太平洋真宽水蚤的存活率、产粪数和产卵量差异性显著,且随着浓度的升高其存活率、产粪数和产卵量逐渐减少(P0.05)。投喂亚心形扁藻和中肋骨条藻饵料浓度为2.0 mg C/L时效果最好,表明此浓度条件下的亚心形扁藻和中肋骨条藻是太平洋真宽水蚤相对适宜的饵料,可为人工培养太平洋真宽水蚤作为水产活体生物饵料奠定基础。     

桡足类刺尾纺锤水蚤(Acartia spinicauda)对赤潮生物海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)摄食的研究

以浮游桡足类刺尾纺锤水蚤(Acartia spinicauda)对海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)的摄食实验表明,摄食率随着饵料密度增高而增大。在水温20℃时,最大摄食潜力约为33000细胞/个·天,夜间摄食力显著大于白昼,混合饵料实验中,刺尾纺锤水蚤表现出较强的择食倾向。由实验结果推导出摄食经验公式为:1=33 000(1-e~(-0.4x~2))。     

几种因素对太平洋纺锤水蚤摄食率的影响

于 １９９３ 年 ３～６ 月对厦门港浮游桡足类优势种太平洋纺锤水蚤（ Ａｃａｒｔｉａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ Ｓｔｅｕｅｒ）的摄食率及其与温度、盐度、食物浓度、食物种类、饥俄、食性等因素的关系进行了研究,为太平洋纺锤水蚤的生态和人工培养研究提供重要理论依据．结果表明：１）太平洋纺锤水蚤对三角褐指藻（ Ｐｈａｅｏｄａｃｔｙｌｕｍ ｔｒｉｃｏｒｎｕｔｕｍ ）的清滤率（ Ｆ, ｍ Ｌ／ｉｎｄ·ｈ）和滤食率（ Ｇ, ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｉｎｄ·ｈ）受温度的影响显著, Ｆ 和 Ｇ 随温度（１０～２５ ℃）升高而增加,但温度达到或超过 ３０℃反而因不适应而降低,最适摄食温度在 ２５ ℃左右（ Ｆ 和 Ｇ 分别为０．０５８ 和 ９．３３×１０４）．２）盐度对 Ｆ 和 Ｇ 也有显著影响, Ｆ 和 Ｇ 随盐度（１３～２６）升高而增加,但盐度达到或超过 ３０～３２,反而降低,最适摄食盐度在 ２６ 左右（ Ｆ 和 Ｇ分别为 ０．０３０ 和 ４．３７×１０４ ）．３）食物浓度从 ６．２２×１０５ 升高至 １．００×１０７ ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｍ Ｌ, Ｆ 有降低趋势,而 Ｇ 则有升高趋势;最大 Ｆ 和 Ｇ 分别为 ０．０３ 和 １１．３７×１０４ ｃｅｌｌｓ／ｉｎｄ·ｈ．４）太平洋纺锤水蚤对 ９ 种常见藻类的     

亚心形扁藻吸收葡萄糖的动力学研究

采用~3H-葡萄糖示踪法测定亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)吸收葡萄糖的速率,结果表明,在天然海水葡萄糖浓度范围内,在适温条件下亚心形扁藻对葡萄糖的吸收是一种代谢过程,符合Michaelus-Menten方程,最大吸收速率为13.55μgglucose/L·h,在较高葡萄糖浓度下,温度为25℃时亚心形扁藻对葡萄糖的吸收速率随底物浓度增加而线性增加,表明异养吸收依赖于扩散作用。     

三角褐指藻和亚心形扁藻对婆罗异剑水蚤繁殖、存活及其脂肪酸的影响

近20年,藻类对桡足类的有害影响已引起越来越多的关注.采用实验生态学方法,探讨不同浓度三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)和亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordi formis)对婆罗异剑水蚤(Apocyclop borneoensis)的繁殖、存活及其脂肪酸的影响.结果表明,单种三角褐指藻对婆罗异剑水蚤世代培养的繁殖和幼体存活具有负面影响,各世代间婆罗异剑水蚤的繁殖率及其幼体存活率差异显著(p＜0.05).而投喂亚心形扁藻的婆罗异剑水蚤其繁殖和幼体存活无显著差异(p＞0.05).且饵料中的脂肪酸组成与含量显著影响桡足类脂肪酸组成与含量,也显著影响桡足类的繁殖性能.     

几种环境因子对太平洋哲镖水蚤清滤率和摄食率的影响

本文用放射性同位素~(32)P和~(35)S标志饵料生物——中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)来研究几种环境因子(饵料密度、饵料‘年龄’(藻龄)、温度、光度)对太平洋哲镖水蚤(Calanus paci-ficus)清滤率和摄食率的影响.研究结果表明:(1)清滤率在高密度(>3.O×10~4个细胞/毫升)饵料溶液中,几乎随饵料密度的增高而按比例地下降;但在低密度饵料溶液中,清滤率虽有所提高,但绝对摄食量却是下降的.(2)哲镖水蚤对骨条藻的吸收率是很高的,通常为50—90％(平均80％左右),吸收率与藻龄有密切关系:当以生长良好的骨条藻(培养3—4天的藻液)为饵料,吸收率达80％以上;但以‘衰老’的藻液(培养6—7天)为饵料时,吸收率仅50％左右.(3)在10—20℃范围内,摄食率随温度上升而增加.超过20℃以后,摄食率即下降.(4)摄食率在黑暗中最高.在室内人工光照下,摄食率随光照强度的增加而下降.     

几种赤潮藻对中华哲水蚤摄食、产卵和孵化的影响

研究桡足类中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicusBrodsky)对几种赤潮藻(假微型海链藻Thalassiosira pseudonana,威氏海链藻T.weissflogii,三角褐指藻Phaeodactylum tricornutum,锥状施氏藻Scrippsiella trochoidea,裸甲藻Gymnodiniumsp.,东海原甲藻Prorocentrum donghaiense,塔玛亚历山大藻Alexandrium tamarense)的选择摄食以及赤潮藻对桡足类产卵率与孵化率的影响.结果表明,桡足类在混合食物中对个体小的藻类摄食率明显降低.在高浓度饵料条件下,桡足类对藻类的摄食模式与低浓度时不同,即滤食率与饵料藻细胞的大小成反比.桡足类在以威氏海链藻为饵料时,产卵率随藻类浓度的增加而上升(0.2~20.6 ind.ind-1.d-1),而孵化率却随之下降(100%~70.9%).以裸甲藻、东海原甲藻、塔玛亚历山大藻为饵料,桡足类仍能有较高的产卵率(分别为13.0、16.6和9.4 ind.ind-1.d-1).但喂食裸甲藻、塔玛亚历山大藻,其卵孵化率降低(分别为58.2%和79.8%).     

几种单胞藻对火腿许水蚤脂肪酸组成的影响

采用气相色谱分析法测定了几种常用单胞藻及其投喂培养的火腿许水蚤的脂肪酸组成．结果表明，金藻8701和三角褐指藻分别具有较高的DHA和EPA含量，比较适合作为桡足类饵料．金藻8701及其与三角褐指藻、绿色巴夫藻、亚心形扁藻等组合作为混合饵料投喂时，培养的火腿许水蚤的几种重要必需脂肪酸（ARA、EPA、DHA）的含量都较高，其中，以金藻8701和绿色巴夫藻按体积比1：1作为混合饵料时，火腿许水蚤的DHA／EPA值接近2：1，更有利于其作为海水仔稚鱼的优质饵料．     

蒽与苯并[a]芘对海洋微藻致毒影响的比较研究

新月菱形藻,球等鞭金藻８７０１和亚心形扁藻,分别用不同浓度的蒽和苯并「ａ」芘肋迫７２ｈ,测定三种藻的生长速率,叶绿素ａ含量。实验表明,三种微藻对蒽的敏感性由高到低集资为新月菱形藻、球等鞭金藻８７０１和亚心形扁藻,它们７２ｈ的关抑制浓度ＥＣ５０分别是０．０６０ｍｇ／Ｌ、０．０６５ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０９４ｍｇ／Ｌ。而对苯并「ａ」芘的敏感性由高到低依次为亚心形扁藻,新月菱形藻和球等鞭金藻８７０１,它们的７２     

Ga＿（1－x）In＿xAs＿（1－y）Sb＿y四元合金系光学性质的研究

对以ＧａＳｂ为衬底、外延生长的四元化合物Ｇａ＿（１－ｘ）Ｉｎ＿ｘＡｓ＿（１－ｙ）Ｓｂ＿ｙ（组分在ｘ＝０．０３２，ｙ＝０．９４到ｘ＝０．２６，ｙ＝０．９范围内）进行了远红外反射谱、喇曼散射、光吸收和光致发光的测量。结果给出外延层晶格振动的性质及不同温度下（８３Ｋ—３００Ｋ）四元合金的能隙，并详细讨论了能隙随温度的变化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with