PREFACE

The Research Institute of Rheological Mechanics is a specialized oneof rheology founded earliest in China,At the present,there are one pro-fessor,three associate professors,and all kinds of personnel in the spe-cific field fourteen in all.Professor Yuan Longwei is the director of     

Effect of Electromagnetic Fields and Explosions on Seismicity and Geodynamic Consequences

The change in seismicity of the Garm region in Tajikistan after an irradiation of its crust with high energy electromagnetic pulses (EP) and after the Semipalatinsk nuclear explosions (NE) is considered. It’s shown that the influence of EP, as well as NE, causes a statistically significant increase in the seismic activity and speed up the seismic energy release. Two areas of anomalous increase in seismic energy after irradiation and explosions adjoined to active faults were identified within the region. Both have a complex configuration in the form of two “petals” located in different sides of those faults. In both cases, one of the “petals” appears after EP, and the second after NE. It is shown that each of these “butterflies” constitutes as a whole anomalous area in which there are high tectonic stresses. The impact of NE has also been studied before beginning and after completion of these experiments. In both cases, those anomalous areas were not observed. Moreover after those experiments were completed, on distances of 50~70 km from the EP source no high stresses areas were observed at all. Consequently, the irradiation of the crust caused their relaxation on the area of about 3 500 km2. However,judging by the appreciable rise in seismicity caused by NE on the southwestern and southeastern margins, stresses had been increasing on periphery of the irradiated area.     

Displacement Discontinuity Method in 3D Problems of Fracture Mechanics

The present paper suggests a modification of boundary elements numerical method, which uses displacement discontinuity method in 3D space. The current method can effectively decrease the computational elements number in 3D space because final elements are placed only on the surface of a fracture simulating the discontinuity of elastic medium. Thus the dimension of the problem is decreased. The new fundamental solutions were developed based on double layer potentials. The method proved to be effective for hydraulic fractures modeling and their interaction with natural faults in host rock formations.     

TO SPEAK OR NOT TO SPEAK： THE ORAL ENGLISH CONUNDRUM

Oral English classes are offered at most colleges and Universities in China and often are taught by an inexperienced foreign teacher. Unfortunately, there is no uniformity in the way it is presented to students or in the way student performance is assessed. Every teacher seems to have a different methodology and assessment procedure. Although the supposed objective of the course is to improve the student‘s ability to speak English, the actual results are of questionable value. As well, an apparent lack of progress can lead to a lessening of a student‘s initiative to learn English. The teaching of oral English in China should be standardized. There should be a universally recognized teaching methodology and textual materials for both the teachers and the students. An effective and fair method of assessment. is also required. Teachers should receive guidance and support from their respective colleges and universities. Textual materials need to be supplied, classes need to be limited in size (e. g. oral English classes should not exceed 30 students), classroom seating arrangements should be flexible to allow for groups to interact, and most importantly, schools need to provide an effective and standard teaching methodology. Oral English classes can be a valuable learning experience for both the student and teacher by improving and broadening cultural understanding. They can increase a student‘s confidence in his or her ability to speak English and improve English pronunciation, stress and modulation.     

Partial intestinal obstruction secondary to multiple lipomas within jejunal duplication cyst: A case report

Lipoma within jejunal duplication presenting as abdominal bloating and partial intestinal obstruction is an exceptional clinical entity.We report a case of 68-year-old man complaining of abdominal bloating for 10 d due to multiple lipomas arising from jejunal duplication cysts.Only a few cases of a single lipoma within a Meckel’s diverticulum giving rise to this clinical scenario have been reported in the English language literature.However,no case of multiple lipomas within jejunal duplication cysts has be...     

An Average Edge Distance Contribution Method for Identifying Influential Nodes in Complex Networks

How to accurately and effectively identify the influential nodes in networks has always been a core issue. In order to evaluate the importance of the nodes, some famous centrality measures have been proposed and widely used. However, the existing methods still exist some shortcomings. In this work, a novel method named average edge distance contribution (AEDC) is proposed to effectively find the influential nodes, which measures the average contribution of each edge to the sum of distances of all node pairs in the network. For each node, we utilize the relative change of AEDC by removing it from the network to determine its influence. For verifying the effectiveness and feasibility of the AEDC method, we simulate the process of disease spreading in four real complex networks with the Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR) model. The experimental results show that our proposed method is more accurate than several benchmark centrality measures in terms of identifying the influential nodes.     

TGF-β1和bFGF在肺泡间隔 胶原沉积中的作用

The objective is to study the action of transforming growth factor-β₁(TGF-β₁)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)in the collagen deposition of fibrotic interstitial lung desease(FILD)by using the methods of HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining and the inmmunohistochemical SP method.Collagen was singularly deposited in alveolar septum when FILD developed into the late stage.Abnormal collagen deposition in alveolar septum has four grades.It was demonstrated that the positive\|rates of TGF-β₁ expressed both in pulmonary macrophages and hyperplasia pneumocytes type　Ⅱ of FILD cases were higher than those of diseas control cases,and there was a significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).However,only the positive\|rates of TGF-β₁ expressed in hyperplasia pneumocytes type Ⅱ of collagen\|deposited cases were higher than those of no collagen\|deposited cases(P=0.01),both of which were FILD.The positive\|rates o bFGF expressed in pulmonary macrophages of FILD cases were higher than those of disease control cases(P＜0.025).So the conclusion is that bFGF could cooperate with TGF-β₁.The two cell factors could play a part in the process of abnormal collagen deposition in FILD.     

A Extraction of Saponins from Camellia Cake

Introduction The saponins is triterpenoid saponins extracted from camellia cake. It is a im-portant raw material for producing biological reagent, emulsifier, inflating agent,super detergent and so on. Camellia cake is a residue in defatting the seed of camellia oleifera Abel or ca-mellia sinensis O. Ktze to get tea oil (a food oil). Its resource is plenty in so-uth provinces of China, but no use is developed up till now. The camellia cakecontains fat, saponins, protein, sacchariole, and so on. Besides extracting valu     

疏浚技术：中荷水利教育与科研合作项目（China-DC／WRE）第5专题

中荷水利教育与科研合作项目(Strengthening of education and applied research in water resources engineering and water resouces management at a selected number of institutions in the PR．China，英文简称China—DC／WRE，以下简称项目)是中荷两国政府在水利工程与管理领域中关于高等教育与科学研究的合作项目，项目执行时间为1999年11月-2003年10月中方参加单位有：河海大     

磁性颗粒状合金中巨磁阻的唯象理论

1　 IntroductionRecently,the magnetic granular concentration dependence of GMR in granular compositessuch as Co-Ag,Ni-Ag,Co-Cu granular films has been researched[1- 4] .It was shown thatat acertain temperature the GMR effect increased as the magnetic granular concentration increasedand after reaching a maximum the GMR effect decreased with the further increase of theconcentration.Some theoretical work has studied the dependence of GMR on the granule size[5- 7] ,and some papers have disc…     

基于RBF神经网络重构模糊PID控制器的研究

尽管模糊PID控制器具有良好的控制品质,但存在计算复杂和实时性差的问题,为了解决这个问题.利用1LBF神经网络逼近能力重构模糊PID控制器,由于重构的RBF神经网络的并行计算能力,这简化了计算复杂性并提高实时性.通过选择不同的给定信号,比较模糊PID控制器和重构的RBF神经网络的控制性能.得到两者的控制效果是相当的.说明重构的RBF神经网络可以取代模糊PID控制器,从而减少了计算复杂性.避免维度灾难并改善控制实时性.     

RNAi机制的研究进展

RNA干涉广泛存在于各种真核生物中,而且其基本的作用机制也具有高度的保守性．最近,研究发现RNAi在许多重要的生物学过程中发挥调节作用,具有重要的生物学功能．而且RNAi技术已经成为研究功能基因组学的一种有力工具．     

论诸种电影元素在塔尔柯夫斯基作品中的运用

对诸种电影元素的极其严谨而和谐的运用并使其完美地服务于作品整体的精神内涵,这是塔尔柯夫斯基高度的电影艺术成就的一个重要方面。从作品的人物、表演、摄影、剪辑、色彩与声音诸要素来看,它们都能很好的实现作者的表意目的。     

适可而止的“栖息”

当今的设计将重点探讨物品、过程、服务中的方式创新,亦即谋事,其研究具有广泛性和纵深性。设计承载的是人类的理想、道德的重任,设计是一种生产关系,是科学与艺术发展的动力,是人类生存智慧的源泉。     

网络通读系统技术的实现

通过对网络通讯系统的分析，进而得出如何实现网络通讯系统的设计思想及表现方法。     

我国冰上运动员（1999—2000）个性特征分析论述

应用艾森个性问卷（Eysenck perscnlity Questionnaire)简称（EPQ）,对中国冰上运动员273人个性特征调查结果：以外向稳定者为多,占35．17％,冰球队及速滑队多为外向,花样队多为内向,冰球队及花样队以稳定为主,速滑队台湾省稳定为主P＜0．005,男女个性有差异,男以外向型为主P＜0．005,各年龄组的个性有差异,16岁以上组为外向为主,随年龄增大而情绪逐渐稳定,文化程度,小学者以内向为主,初中以上者逐渐为外向化,在运动员间;P项方向,主要运动员与一般运动员看不出有差异,E及N项乃主要运动员较低,L项主要运动员较高,在各队间T分比较：P项乃花样高于其他,E项为花样低于其他,N及L项;在冰球,花样及速滑均无显著差异P＞0．05,少年组与成年组比较：P项少年组高,E项少年组低,N项成年组低,L项各年龄段有差异,冰球队各位置PENL的T分比较P＞0．05,均看不出有显著差异。     

从E=mc2看质量与能量之间的关系

把E＝mc^2解释成质量与之的“转化性”或“同一性”都是不科学的，正确的解释应该是，这一关系式表示了质量与能理之间的不可分割性。     

计算机网络互联技术研究

本文详细分析了计算机网络互联原理及各种互联设备。     

电荷掺杂和Cl掺杂聚吡咯、聚呋喃、聚噻吩的导电性理论研究

利用Gaussian 03程序包中的密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平下,对未掺杂、电荷掺杂和C l掺杂的聚吡咯、聚呋喃、聚噻吩进行几何全优化,并对它们的几何结构、自旋密度、自然键轨道(NBO)、前线轨道能进行了理论分析.结果表明,电荷掺杂能使聚合物键长趋于平均化,其极子分布几乎遍及了整个分子链而C l原子掺杂对聚合物的影响主要集中在与C l原子相邻的C原子上,极子分布局域在C l原子附近的大约7个碳原子上,掺杂能够明显增强π电子共轭性,降低能隙,从而增强导电性.