攀枝花苏铁（Cycas Panzhihuaensis L．Zhou et S．Y．Yang）受精作用及胚胎发生的研究

报道了C .panzhihuaensis的受精作用 ,胚胎发生和分化 .人工授粉 15d后 ,颈卵器开始发育 ,7月底到 8月中旬受精作用发生 ,受精过程有三种情况 :即球形精细胞或蠕虫状精子从卵顶部进入卵细胞内 ,纤毛带遗弃在颈卵器室中 ,或具纤毛带的精细胞进入卵中 ,纤毛带遗弃在卵细胞质内 ,精卵核融合 .胚胎发生经历较长的游离核原胚阶段 ,游离核原胚形成细胞后 ,幼胚开始分化 .受精后的雌配子体发育成胚乳 .成熟的胚由子叶 (二片 )、胚芽、胚根、胚根鞘及螺旋折叠的胚柄组成     

斑马鱼受精过程中原核的时空规律

斑马鱼的成熟卵子处于第2次减数分裂中期,精子通过受精孔进入卵内,精子入卵后,卵子被激活;受精后3 min,精核位于卵质膜内侧边缘,处于凝集状态;受精后5 min精核开始解凝;受精后8 min,精核明显解凝,受精卵出现明显的精子星光.同时进入第2次减数分裂后期,之后排出第二极体;受精后10 min,雄原核形成,具有双星光,此时,雄原核已位于胚盘中部;受精后15 min雌原核已形成,雌、雄原核向胚盘中央靠近;受精后20 min,雌雄原核开始接触;受精后30 min,雌雄原核完全融合成为1个合子核;35 min时,受精卵开始第1次卵裂;45 min后分裂形成2个子核;50 min时分裂为2细胞,60 min时分裂为4细胞.     

五唇兰受精过程中卵细胞的响应

五唇兰Doritis pulcherrima Lindl．受精过程中超微结构观察结果显示：精子到达胚囊前。卵细胞呈梨形；精子到达胚囊时，卵细胞呈典型的倒梨形；精核和卵核融合时，卵细胞坐长圆型。卯核凹陷，整个精核被卵核包围着。由此可见：五唇兰受精过程的顺利进行，不仅需要精细胞的主动参与，还要卵细胞的积极响应。     

同型孢子蕨类植物卵发生和受精作用的细胞学研究新进展

阐述了同型孢子蕨类植物有性生殖研究中卵发生和受精作用研究的一些新进展,包括颈卵器的形成、卵发育和受精作用3个方面．研究表明颈卵器来自于配子体生长点下方的原始细胞,其细胞质浓,核较大,位于细胞中央,原始细胞经2次分裂产生3层细胞,中间的为初生细胞,初生细胞经2次不等分裂形成1个卵细胞、1个腹沟细胞和1个双核颈沟细胞．卵成熟时,先后在卵细胞外产生分离腔和卵膜,进化的种类卵膜上形成了受精孔,首次证明腹沟细胞参与了受精孔的发生．受精作用研究表明精子是经受精孔钻入卵细胞的,受精时卵细胞剧烈地收缩和产生大的囊泡封阻受精孔可能是阻止多精受精的主要原因,接下来,受精卵经历核融合、雄细胞器的消化,合子细胞器的重排,质膜和细胞壁重建等过程,最终形成功能性合子．     

濒危植物-半日花(Helianthemum songaricum)的双受精作用及胚和胚乳发育

运用石蜡切片法,对半日花Ｈ．ｓｏｎｇａｒｉｃｕｍ的受精过程,胚及胚乳发育进行了初步观察．受精前,一个助细胞解体,另一助细胞宿存．精核与极核的融合早于精核与卵的融合．受精极核不经过休眠过程,经多次分裂形成核型胚乳．胚乳游离核于球胚晚期开始细胞化．种子成熟后无胚乳．胚胎发育属柳叶菜型．胚柄由一纵列细胞组成并于球胚晚期开始退化．胚的发育经历球形原胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚及成熟胚各时期．     

中国马褂木精细胞分离技术

自８０年代以来，被子植物的精细胞分离和生物学研究已成为植物受精工程中重要的研究内容。在以前的基础上，为获得大量的中国马褂木精细胞，本研究通过蔗糖密度梯度离心法纯化萌发花粉管，用研磨法获取大量有生活力的精细胞，并利用梯度离心法纯化生活精细胞。利用这些方法所获得的精细胞在室温的环境下可以存活４ｈ左右。     

攀枝花苏铁（CycasPanzhihuaensisL.ZhouetS.Y.Yang）受 …

报道了Ｃ．ｐａｎｚｈｉｈｕｎｅｎｓｉｓ的受精作用,胚生和分化。人工授粉１５ｄ后,颈卵器开始发育,７月底到８月中旬受精作用发生,受精过程有三种情况：即球形精细胞或蠕虫状精子从卵顶部进入卵细胞内,纤毛胎发生经历较长的游离核原胚阶段。     

体外受精过程中多精受精发生机制

对哺乳动物体外受精（IVF）过程中多精受精的发生原因进行了阐述，指出多精受精的发生是影响各种哺乳动物体外受精效率的重要原因，其中在猪和人的IVF中表现得尤为突出。大量研究表明，除了物种的特异性以外，不完全的卵母细胞胞质成熟、异常透明带、高精子浓度、受精培养基中不适当的添加物以及在受精过程中的其他一些异常因素都与多精受精密切相关。     

羊草(Aneurolepidium chinense)的双受精作用与胚胎发育

本文以采用电镜制片的方法对羊草的双受精过程和胚胎发育进行了研究。羊草的双受精属有丝分裂前配子配合型。开花后约4h精子进入胚囊。两精子几乎同时进卵核和极核之一,精核分别在卵核和极核内松散,同时出现1到2个雄核仁。合子时期雌雄性核仁不融合,直到合子分裂前期仍为多核仁。羊草胚胎发育为紫菀型。一般合子第一次分裂为横分裂,但偶见有斜分裂。合子未见有极性,在二细胞原胚后期见有极性表现,超微结构显示,顶细胞和基细胞中圆球体大小和发育时期不同。胚发育经过原胚、椭圆形胚,再经胚分化期和成熟期发育为成熟胚。     

朴树的受精作用及胚、胚乳的发育

本文对朴树(Celtis sinensis Pers.)的受精作用及胚与胚乳的发育进行了一些观察,主要结果如下:1.朴树花杂性,具两性花及雄花,两性花中雌雄蕊异熟,因而保证了同株异花传粉,珠孔受精。2.双受精过程属有丝分裂前配子融合类型。授粉后10d左右,雌、雄性核发生融合,精核与极核或次生核←的融合早于精核与印核的融合。3.初生胚乳核休眠10d后发生第一次有丝分裂,合子休眠20d后才进行第一次分裂。合子在休眠过程中极性发生逆转。4.核型胚乳。胚乳具约200个游离核时以自由生长的细胞壁的方式细胞化。茄型胚胎发育。胚乳在胚的发育过程中被吸收消失。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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