基于量子阱薄膜的纳机电矢量水听器设计

根据介观压阻效应原理以及柱体声学理论,提出了一种基于量子阱薄膜的纳机电矢量水听器,期望利用量子阱薄膜材料的高灵敏度压阻效应以及水听器精巧的微结构,提高矢量水听器的灵敏度,实现水听器的低频特性及结构微小型化。首先概括地描述了介观压阻效应原理以及柱体声学理论;完成了水听器的结构设计;采用GaAs基微机械加工工艺完成了水听器的加工并对水听器进行了封装,最后对研制出的水听器的性能指标进行了测试,测试结果表明：纳机电矢量水听器不但体积小、质量轻、结构简单,而且能够获取水下声场的质点振动信息,具有＂8字型＂的指向性,可进行水下声信号的定位探测。     

水听器的脉冲互易校准

本文介绍了用在普通水池中进行水听器自由场脉冲互易校准的仪器,该仪器用直流 比较法测量脉冲幅度,并用分差放大器减小示波器光点的误差,因此有较高精度。 文中还介绍了用该仪器进行的声学实验,给出了几种水听器的方向特性,互易关系 正确性的验证以及频率响应。     

一种用于MEMS陀螺仪的隔振平台及其结构设计

为隔离外部环境振动对MEMS陀螺仪性能造成的不利影响,文章设计了一种用于MEMS陀螺仪隔振的单层及双层隔振平台,通过理论分析隔振平台结构参数对隔振性能以及集成隔振平台对MEMS陀螺仪性能的影响,确立隔振平台的设计准则;设计了一种用于MEMS陀螺仪的单层及双层隔振结构及其制备工艺流程,通过ANSYS仿真分析隔振平台结构设计的可靠性及合理性。对1个示例MEMS陀螺仪进行分析,结果表明所设计的单层及双层隔振平台结构合理可靠且均可隔离外界环境振动,通过增大第1层隔振平台质量不仅可以提高隔振效果还可有效降低集成隔振平台对MEMS陀螺仪性能的影响。采用设计的隔振平台结构与工艺流程可实现陀螺仪与隔振平台的圆片级封装,并可采用MEMS的加工工艺大批量生产,降低隔振成本。     

球形障板对矢量水听器接收性能的影响

矢量水听器可以同步共点测量声场空间一点处的声压和质点振速的各个分量,因此其被广泛应用于水声测量、探测、通信等领域。矢量水听器在水声测量的应用中会受到安装载体散射声场的影响,而这种载体可以看作为障板,由于障板的存在使散射声场的分布发生改变,以及矢量水听器的接收性能下降。仅以绝对硬边界为例,对球形障板的散射声场进行了理论计算和仿真分析。并且对带障板条件下矢量水听器的接收指向性的变化进行了仿真研究。结果显示,从散射声场分布图可以直观看出声场发生的变化,矢量水听器的接收性能变化与障板的尺寸、与障板距离远近、声波发射频率等因素有关。     

离子液体型离子聚合物金属复合材料的封装及变形性能

针对水基离子聚合物金属复合材料(IPMC)在空气中性能不稳定且存在松弛变形这一问题,使用离子液体替代水作为IPMC内部溶剂,采用光固化材料对该材料进行表面封装,测试水基IPMC和离子液体型IPMC封装前后的驱动性能,对比水基IPMC和离子液体型IPMC在空气中的长期稳定性能。实验结果表明:在2V电压驱动下,离子液体型IPMC的松弛变形消失,输出力和位移虽有所减小,但该类型IPMC可以承受高的驱动电压;在8 V电压作用下,离子液体型IPMC封装后的材料变形为12mm,输出力达到0.8mN;封装后的离子液体型IPMC的整体质量基本维持不变,驱动性能基本稳定,满足在空气中长期使用的要求。     

ZnO/IDT/SiO2结构声表面波传感器仿真和分析

针对现有声表面波理论模型难以分析多层结构声表面波传感器器件的缺点,利用周期性介质的矩阵本征算子模型,成功对ZnO/IDT/SiO2多层结构中IDT电极的机械特性对装置性能的影响进行了建模。基于此模型,仿真和分析了此结构装置的波传播速度、机械耦合系数等参数与波导层厚度以及电极厚度的关系。并将仿真结果得到的装置传输频率响应与试验结果进行比较,二者基本一致。     

基于氧化铝薄膜的压电水听器的研制

提出了基于AlN压电薄膜结构的单电极水听器,将A1N的压电特性与MEMS微加工技术相结合。采用COMSOL对器件在20~100Hz低频范围内谐振特性进行分析和仿真,得出压电薄膜优化厚度0.8~1.0μm,振动薄膜直径100μm。给出了器件制备工艺流程,采用ICP精准刻蚀A1N薄膜提高成品率,并对实际样品进行高静水压等环境适应性测试。单个水听器阵列结构是40×40,实际尺寸为7×7mm,可以用来制备高性能的水听器集成系统。     

浅海四分量勘探之第四分量检波器的研究

针对用于浅海滩涂地带的浅海四分量石油勘探之第四分量检波器——水听器进行了研究,从传感器网络模型出发,推导了水听器的传递函数,得出了外力与水听器敏感元件应力应变之间的关系,并对水听器建立了振动模型、进行了动态特性分析.设计了水听器的结构,并计算了灵敏度、确定了水听器的参数.对浅海石油水听器进行了性能和灵敏度测试.结果表明,水听器满足浅海勘探的要求.     

一种响应平坦的宽带高灵敏度分布反馈光纤激光水听器

采用聚氨酯材料制作的梭形结构对分布反馈（DFB）光纤激光器进行封装，在驻波管校准声场对其进行测试，由OPD4000相位解调仪精确测量光纤激光水听器的相移量。 通过测试和数据分析，得到1 kHz处DFB光纤激光水听器的相位-声压灵敏度为-122.6 dB re rad/μPa,相当于3.8 nm/MPa； 在10 Hz~10 kHz整个频段内频响曲线非常平坦，波动小于±9 dB,并且信噪比与标准压电水听器相当。     

一种基于大深度矢量水听器的深海直达波区近水面声源定位方法

矢量水听器因能够同时获取声场的声压和三维质点振速分量而倍受关注.矢量水听器在浅海环境下的研究及应用工作较多.2014年在某深海海域进行的水声综合考察实验中,矢量水听器被布放在水下3146 m深处,并成功地接收到了深度为140 m的拖曳声源发射的信号.本文首先结合实验海域环境,分析了深海近水面声源直达波区的声线到达结构以及直达声与海面反射声到达大深度接收器的掠射角,发现二者的均值随距离单调变化,且声源深度变化对其影响较小;然后对实验中两条航线上10 km范围内的信号进行分析,获取目标声源的方位角以及到达矢量水听器的直达声和海面反射声的掠射角,再根据该掠射角对目标声源的距离进行估计,实现了对目标声源在二维平面上的定位,定位结果与目标的GPS航迹符合较好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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