豫北太行山区中国林蛙的生态学研究

报道了豫北太行山区中国林蛙的生境、生活习性、繁殖生态和食性.繁殖季节为3月上旬至4月中下旬.种群性比因时而异,产卵期间雌雄性比较小(1/6.16~1/4.50),产卵后雌雄性比有一定的上升(1/3.33~1/2.08),即将开始冬眠时雌雄性比最高(1/1.53).室内和野外自然条件下产卵量有较大差异,室内平均为478粒,野外自然条件下平均为1 079粒.卵粒直径约为1.5~1.8 mm.捕食种类以膜翅目、鞘翅目和双翅目昆虫居多;有益系数以及食物种类在不同季节有所差异.     

枇杷舟蛾年发生代数的研究

枇杷舟蛾是批杷的一种重要害虫.该虫在莆田一年发生3代.以蛹越冬.第一代成虫在8月出现,世代历期平均62.6天;第二代成虫出现在10月中下旬至11月上旬,世代历期平均65.1天;越冬代成虫翌年4月下旬至6月上旬出现,世代历期平均209.8天.卵期1～3天;幼虫5龄,历期22～45天;越冬代蛹期141～170天;每雌可产卵105～287粒;成虫寿命3～15天.     

白鹡鸰繁殖习性

2007-2009年,在蟒河保护区对白鹡鸰的繁殖习性进行了观察.结果表明,该鸟每年3月上旬迁入该区,10月下旬迁离.5月营巢,巢营好后即开始产卵,窝卵数4～5枚.孵化期12～13天,孵化率为100%.巢内育雏期15天.在该区全年的种群密度为2.5只/km.     

白鹡鸰的繁殖习性

2007-2009年,在蟒河保护区对白鹡鸰的繁殖习性进行了观察.结果表明,该鸟每年3月上旬迁入该区,10月下旬迁离.5月营巢,巢营好后即开始产卵,窝卵数4～5枚.孵化期12～13天,孵化率为100%.巢内育雏期15天.在该区全年的种群密度为2.5只/km.     

再引入黑颈长尾雉的产卵、孵卵行为

2003年5月至2005年7月,在广西百色岑王老山自然保护区对再引入黑颈长尾雉Sy rm a ticus hum iae的产卵、孵卵行为进行研究。遥测了4只雌性个体,对5窝正在孵化的雌鸟进行观察,结果表明:黑颈长尾雉有盖卵行为;平均窝卵数6.3个,产卵间隔1~2 d,产下最后一枚卵前一天开始孵化,孵化期27 d;巢温(37.7±1.16)℃;雌鸟单独孵化,每天都离巢,平均离巢时间(102±74)m in,53.84%发生在早上,23.08%发生在中午,15.35%发生在下午(另有7.73%无法确定,故不计算在内);离巢的雌鸟有较固定的取食地。多元线性回归检验表明:天气状况与离巢时间长短有显著相关(t=3.717,P=0.001);卵质量与孵化时间有显著的负相关性(F=21.847,P=0.000)。     

厦门白鹭自然保护区的白鹭繁殖行为和繁殖力研究

2 0 0 1年 3月至 7月对厦门白鹭自然保护区鸡屿岛的白鹭 (Egrettagarzetta)繁殖行为和繁殖力进行了研究 .白鹭集群、择巢、筑巢于 2月中旬至 3月中旬 ,3月底部分亲鸟开始产卵和孵化 ,4月中旬雏鸟开始出壳 .白鹭窝卵数为 4.43± 0 .6 8(SD)枚 ,孵化期为 2 3.2± 1.4d ,孵化率为 88.5 0 % ,窝雏数为 3.8± 0 .8只 ,育雏期 2 8～ 35d ,雏鸟成活率为 87.7% .每年每只白鹭的繁殖力为 1.96只雏鸟 ,每巢成功繁殖 3.37只雏鸟 .鸡屿岛白鹭繁殖前期的种群数量为 5 0 32只 ,繁殖结束时亲鸟和成活雏鸟数量共 135 0 6只 .本文分析影响白鹭繁殖的主要因素 ,并提出白鹭繁殖期的管理和保护措施     

宁夏苍鹭和夜鹭的数量及生态研究

作者于１９８５～１９９０年在宁夏银川、卫宁平原等地用５年时间对苍鹭、夜鹭的数量和生态进行了调查研究。结果表明：苍鹭和夜鹭在宁夏为夏侯鸟，由于繁殖地减少、过度猎捕、环境污染而数量锐减，成为稀有鸟．苍鹭三月下旬开始营巢，产卵３～５枚，孵化期约２６天，育雏期６５天。夜鹭四月上旬开始营巢，产卵４～６枚，孵化期约２７天，育雏期６０天，苍鹭和夜鹭混合营巢，营巢、孵化、育雏均由双鸟共同承担．     

凡纳滨对虾亲虾驯养、促熟、产卵及无节幼体培育

在水温27±2℃,盐度29±2;pH8.0~8.5,光强1 000 1x的条件下,对来自我国台湾的1 300对规格为35~45 g/尾的凡纳滨对虾亲虾进行为期73 d的驯养、促熟、产卵及无节幼体培育试验.结果表明,整个试验过程中,亲虾平均存活率为99.458%,波动区间[99.583%,99.333%],日产卵亲虾比例平均为3.506%,波动区间[3.89%,3.123%],雌虾单尾次日产无节幼体数量平均为18.928%,波动区间[19.691%,18.164%].无节幼体的日产量随繁殖驯养的延长,呈渐渐上升态势,从240万尾(第21天)至2 135万尾(第54天)平均为1 323万尾.此外,试验发现近成熟的雌虾也能接受交配行为.     

北红尾鸲的繁殖习性观察

2002～2004年，在蟒河自然保护区对北红尾鸲的繁殖习性进行了观察．结果表明。该鸟每年3月上旬迁入该区。10月下旬迁离．3月下旬营巢．4月中旬产卵，窝卵数3～6枚．孵化期12～13天。孵化率为90％．巢内育雏期12天．巢外育幼期约10天．在该区全年的种群密度为4．41只／km^2．     

烟威渔场小黄鱼产卵群体生物学特征的初步研究

2011年5月和2016年5月份在烟威渔场采集了320尾和248尾小黄鱼标本,研究了小黄鱼产卵群体生物学特征,主要包括:体长组成、体重组成、性比和绝对繁殖力.结果表明:2011年小黄鱼产卵群体体长106~230 mm,体重13~114 g,绝对繁殖力F3 211~23543粒,平均(12 636±1 210)粒/尾;2016年小黄鱼产卵群体体长102~207 mm,体重12~110 g,绝对繁殖力F4 960~19 697粒,平均(10 705±855)粒/尾.与历史资料相比较,小黄鱼的繁殖力水平有减小的趋势.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with