Beta-blocking drugs and human platelet aggregation in vitro

Riassunto L'effeto inibente di farmaci -bloccanti sull'aggregazione di piastrine umane indotta in vitro mediante ADP è risultato proporzionale alle dosi dei farmaci impiegati. La seguente scala gerarchica di potenza è disposta in ordine decrescente di attività: pindolol, K 4423, propranolol, INPEA.     

A triple test for screening biological activity of prostacyclin analogues

Summary 6,9-Thiaprostacyclin was used as a representative of prostacyclin analogues with the aim to design the most convenient procedure for evaluation of vasodilator, anti-platelet and other biological properties within this new group of potential anti-thrombotic agents.     

Effect of some drugs on the chemotaxis of rabbit neutrophils in vitro

Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen über den Einfluss 20 bekannter Substanzen auf die chemotaktische Wanderung von Kaninchenexsudatzellen, vorab Neutrophilen, werden dargelegt. Im Chemotaxistest nach Boyden wurden die Leukozyten zusammen mit Substanz inkubiert und die Veränderung ihrer gerichteten Wanderungsfähigkeit gemessen. Die Bedeutung der Ergebnisse werden kurz besprochen.     

In vitro anti-tumor activity of lipid extracts from a group aStreptococcus against ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice

Résumé On a isolé chez la souris, d'une souche deStreptococcus hemolyticus une fraction lipidique qui inhibe complètement le développement de la tumeur ascitique d'Ehrlich quand la fraction lipidique est préincubée avec les cellules de la tumeur avant inoculation.     

An improved electrophoretic method for a screening program for haemoglobinopathies

Summary A method for a screening program for haemoglobinopathies in a starch agar gel mixed with saponin is presented. Normal and abnormal blood containing haemoglobins S, C, I, M Boston, D Punjab, beta thalassaemia major and beta thalassaemia minor, were applied, in a tray with the capacity for 100 samples. The electrophoresis was performed in 45 min using 300 V. This method offers special advantages for the examination of a large number of samples, using a small amount of whole blood and without the previous preparation of haemoglobin solution.Acknowledgments. We would like to express our gratitude to Dr C. Daghlian and Dr Lewis J. Greene for their valuable suggestions. We also thank the Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq, for financial support.     

Chemotaxis of rabbit macrophages in vitro: Inhibition by drugs

Summary Chemotaxis of rabbit macrophages was inhibited in vitro by phenylbutazone and sodium salicylate, but not by other antiinflammatory agents. Other inhibitory compounds were colchicine, vincristine, PHA, Con A, iodoacetic acid, cytochalasin B, and EDTA. Some of these in vitro results contrast apparently with in vivo effects.     

A triple test for screening biological activity of prostacyclin analogues.

6,9-Thiaprostacyclin was used as a representative of prostacyclin analogues with the aim to design the most convenient procedure for evaluation of vasodilator, anti-platelet and other biological properties within this new group of potential anti-thrombotic agents.     

Action of antituberculosis drugs on human leukocyte chromosomes in vitro

Zusammenfassung Die AntituberkulosemittelPara-aminosalizylsäure (PAS), Ethambutol (EMB) und Capreomycin (CM) zeigen keine chromosomenbrechende Aktivität an menschlichen Leukozytenchromosomen in vitro.

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We thank Mrs.R. Pieper for her careful technical assistance.     

Cellular models for the detection and evaluation of drugs that modulate human phagocyte activity

Summary Simple testing models have been developed for the evaluation of chemical or biological compounds that modulate the activity of human phagocytes. Human neutrophils from buffy coats of donor blood are used. They are stimulated with receptor agonists, and the effects of test compounds on exocytosis of different enzymes, the generation of superoxide (respiratory burst), and cytotoxicity are quantified. All assays are performed in microtiter plates and the responses are evaluated by multi-well photometry or fluorimetry. The models are apt to detect compounds acting on phagocytes as agonists or antagonists, signal transduction activators or inhibitors and primers of agonist responses, and to assess cytotoxic effects.     

Cellular models for the detection and evaluation of drugs that modulate human phagocyte activity

Simple testing models have been developed for the evaluation of chemical or biological compounds that modulate the activity of human phagocytes. Human neutrophils from buffy coats of donor blood are used. They are stimulated with receptor agonists, and the effects of test compounds on exocytosis of different enzymes, the generation of superoxide (respiratory burst), and cytotoxicity are quantified. All assays are performed in microtiter plates and the responses are evaluated by multi-well photometry or fluorimetry. The models are apt to detect compounds acting on phagocytes as agonists or antagonists, signal transduction activators or inhibitors and primers of agonist responses, and to assess cytotoxic effects.     

On thein vitro bioassay for measuring melanophoretic activity

Résumé Les auteurs décrivent diverses modifications au test original deShizume et al. pour mesurer l'activité mélanophorétiquein vitro. Une analyse mathématique des résultats obtenus avec cet étalonnage en montre les caractéristiques satisfaisantes.

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Acknowledgments. This work was supported by research grants (No. A-2543, C₁, C₂) from the National Institute of Health (NIH) of the U.S. Public Health Service and Contract No. AF 419657)-224 with the School of Aviation Medicine, U.S. Air Force, Wright Air Development Division, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas.     

An in vitro method for studying the metabolism of young bone matrix]

A method for studying in vitro bone resorption by the use of 35S labeled injection was investigated. Various substances (papaine) and hormones (calcitonin, vitamin D analogues) were tested and their effects on 35S and 45Ca metabolism were compared.