Influence of Re-Ti modification on the high impact wear resistance of high Si bainitic cast steel

The effect of rare earth (Re) and titanium (Ti) multi-modification on the impact wear behavior of Mn-B high-Si bainitic cast steel was investigated systematically. The experiments show that the impact wear resistance can be improved greatly with the addition of Re and Ti. Its wear loss is only about 1/3-1/2 as large as that of the unmodified bainitic cast steel. By the Re/Ti modification, coarse dendrite grains and bainitic/martensite duplex structure have been refined effectively, and the impact toughness of the bainitic cast steel is nearly tripled (10 mm×10 mm×55 mm, with unnotched sample). Consequently, the modified bainitic cast steel possesses good wear resistance under high impact. For both modified and unmodified bainitic cast steels, high hardness white layer and deformed zone are developed beneath the worn surface under the high impact wear, but the formation and propagation of cracks are different for these bainitic casting steels. Different models for the formation and propagation of cracks for both modified and unmodified bainitic cast steels under high impact wear are proposed.     

稀土对Ni9铸钢低温机械性能及断口形貌的影响

着重研究了稀土对Ｎｉ９铸钢常温、低温机械性能和宏观、微观断口形貌的影响；考察了添加稀土钢和未添加稀土钢晶界裂纹倾向程度的大小．分析、讨论了低温机械性能、晶界裂纹倾向、断口形貌、夹杂物含量之间的关系．结果表明：添加稀土后．Ｎｉ９铸钢的晶界裂纹倾向明显降低，钢的常温、低温拉伸性能显著提高，并降低了钢的沿晶断裂倾向，但钢的低温冲击韧性并未得到改善．这与钢中晶界裂纹的倾向和夹杂物的含量有关．     

奥氏体-贝氏体球墨铸铁的组织和性能

本文研究了一种新型球铁,即高强度、高韧性奥氏体-贝氏体球铁。通过正交试验选择热处理参数,并进一步考察了不同等温淬火温度和时间对组织和性能的影响。为了考察奥氏体-贝氏体球铁的可靠性和使用寿命,还进行了延性断裂韧度与接触疲劳性能的试验。实验结果表明,奥氏体-贝氏体球铁具有很好的断裂韧性和接触疲劳强度。本文还探讨了奥氏体-贝氏体球铁性能优异的原因。     

微钙高硬高韧结构钢的研究

本文研究了一种新型的高硬度（HRC＞58），高韧性（αk≥40J/cm2)的结构钢的化学成分及热处理对冲击韧性的影响，实验结果表明，微量钙对改善钢在淬火－低温回火态的冲击韧性有重要作用，铬含量及铜／硅比对冲击韧性也有一定的影响。     

热处理对高铬铸铁组织和性能的影响

研究了不同热处理状态下高铬白口铸铁显微组织,探讨了热处理对高铬铸铁冲击韧性和硬度的影响,并确定了组织与性能的相关性。分别采用金相显微镜观察热处理后高铬铸铁显微组织,洛氏硬度计测定高铬铸铁的硬度,冲击试验机测定冲击韧性。结果表明：高铬铸铁随着淬火温度的升高,硬度先升后降,冲击韧性则相反。在1 000℃淬火空冷,并在400℃回火时,材料可以获得良好的综合力学性能。     

奥氏体-贝氏体球铁J_R阻力曲线测定

本文用J_R阻力曲线初步研究了奥氏体-贝氏体球铁的延性断裂韧性的测定。韧性实验表明:奥氏体-贝氏体球铁的断口,宏观结构呈脆性断口,微观结构呈韧性断口,即主要形成韧窝断口。实验结果表明用J_R阻力曲线测定其断裂韧性是适宜的。     

Effect of microstructure on the low temperature toughness of high strength pipeline steels

Microstructure observations and drop-weight tear test were performed to study the microstructures and mechanical properties of two kinds of industrial X70 and two kinds of industrial X80 grade pipeline steels. The effective grain size and the fraction of high angle grain boundaries in the pipeline steels were investigated by electron backscatter diffraction analysis. It is found that the low temperature toughness of the pipeline steels depends not only on the effective grain size, but also on other microstructural factors such as martensite-austenite (MA) constituents and precipitates. The morphology and size of MA constituents significantly affect the mechanical properties of the pipeline steels. Nubby MA constituents with large size have significant negative effects on the toughness, while smaller granular MA constituents have less harmful effects. Similarly, larger Ti-rich nitrides with sharp corners have a strongly negative effect on the toughness, while fine, spherical Nb-rich carbides have a less deleterious effect. The low temperature toughness of the steels is independent of the fraction of high angle grain boundaries.     

贝氏体钢的价电子结构与性能

运用“固体与分子经验价电子理论”建立了Fe-C系贝氏体晶胞的价电子结构,研究了贝氏体钢中Mn,Si,B以及Re对强度和韧度的作用机制。结果表明,在贝氏体钢中形成的较Fe-C贝氏体具有更强键合和对C原子扩散具有更大阻力的C－Mn偏聚结构单元,增加了具有较强键合力偏聚结构单元的权重,同时微量元素的深入促进了合金元素之间的交互作用,并使合金贝氏体的共价电子对空间分布更加均衡,从而使贝氏体钢的强度和韧度更为优越。     

超高强度钢耐腐蚀性能研究进展

 钢是应用最早、用量最大的重要结构材料,在航空工业领域,钢主要用于制造重要承力结构件、连接件、紧固件和传动系统零件等。一般认为凡室温屈服强度超过1300MPa,抗拉强度超过1400MPa,并具有较高的比强度（强度/密度）和一定韧性的钢称为超高强度钢。超高强度钢是在普通结构钢的基础上发展起来的一种超高强度、高韧性的合金钢,是制造国防尖端武器的关键材料,在航空、航天领域也得到广泛的应用。本文分别介绍了低合金超高强度钢和高合金超高强度钢耐蚀性能方面的研究进展。低合金超高强度钢300M等对腐蚀疲劳及应力腐蚀开裂往往非常敏感;高合金超高强度钢Aermet100具有优良的抗应力腐蚀开裂能力。新型超高强度不锈钢在耐蚀性能方面的优越性使其受到人们越来越多的关注。新一代航空用超高强度钢的未来发展方向应为：开发超高强度、内在耐蚀的钢以取代现有镉镀层防护工艺,达到良好的耐蚀效果。     

均匀化退火和锻造对双相耐磨钢强韧性的影响

研究了一种低合金双相耐磨钢经均匀化退火和锻造处理后的微观组织和强韧性能.结果表明:经980℃均匀化退火4,8 h和1 150℃锻造处理后,实验钢显微组织主要为板条状马氏体、针状贝氏体及少量残余奥氏体,锻造处理后的晶粒度最小为7.0~7.5级,均匀化退火处理后的晶粒度最大为6.5~7.0级.均匀化退火的保温时间是影响双相耐磨钢力学性能的主要因素,实验钢保温4 h时的冲击韧性和延伸率值高于保温8 h的值.锻造比均匀化退火更适宜于提高低合金双相耐磨钢的强韧性,优化工艺为始锻温度1 150℃、终锻温度800℃、锻造比2.