草履虫类核纤层蛋白的初步研究

本文以DGD包埋去包埋技术对草履虫的核纤层通过透射电镜和免疫荧光、分子杂交等技术进行了观察。结果显示,在核周存在由10nm纤维组成的核纤层;免疫荧光结果表明,在核周呈阳性反应,并在其表皮、口器等部位呈交叉的阳性反应;蛋白分子杂交的反应带在68kD处呈阳性反应。     

核纤层蛋白及其基因的研究

核纤层是细胞核内极其重要的结构.近年来有关核纤层蛋白及其基因的研究取得了较大进展.文中就国际上有关该领域研究的新进展并结合作者所在实验室近年来的有关研究结果,从核纤层蛋白成分及功能、核纤层蛋白基因及其起源分化等方面进行了较系统的介绍和探讨,并提出了一些值得深入研究的新问题.     

纤细眼虫(Euglena gracilis)核纤层蛋白基因的初步研究

目的：探讨在纤细眼虫(Euglena gracilis)中是否存在核纤层蛋白(lamin)基因，为核纤层蛋白基因的起源与进化研究提供线索．方法：以较为低等生物的核纤层蛋白基因cDNA序列为参考，设计引物P0010和P0012，以纤细眼虫总DNA为模板进行PCR，PCR产物回收、测序．由于不能获取完整序列，所以据测序结果又设计了P0013和P0014两条中间引物，组成P0010／P0013和P0014／P0012引物对进行PCR，回收产物测序．结果：P0010／P0012、P0010／P0013和P0014／P0012引物对进行PCR分别获得775、400和395bp的特异性PCR产物，对这3种产物分别测序，最终获得了P0010和P0012之间的全序列，共775bp．结论：在纤细眼虫中存在着核纤层蛋白基因．     

利用CRISPR/Cas9系统构建LMNA基因突变 AC16人心肌细胞系

LMNA基因突变引发核纤层蛋白(LaminA/C)及其互作蛋白表达异常，引起机体一系列生理学反应，导致核纤层蛋白病发生，目前其具体致病机制尚不清楚。本文利用CRISPR/Cas9技术，选取符合sgRNA筛选原则的致病突变位点，成功构建了携带LMNA突变Q517X的细胞系，并对突变细胞系与LaminA/C相连或互作的LaminB1、PCNA、P53、PKCα等基因的RNA表达水平与蛋白表达水平及突变细胞核膜骨架形态进行检测，发现：Q517X突变细胞的LaminB1、P53、PCNA基因mRNA表达量显著降低约70%;LaminA/C蛋白几乎不表达，PKCα、LaminB1、P53等蛋白的表达量分别降低75%、60%、80%。结果表明，Q517X突变通过改变AC16人心肌细胞LMNA相关基因的表达进而影响细胞核正常骨架结构与功能。     

福州市内河浮游动物群落生态周年研究

2000年9月至2001年8月，在福州市内河的主干道设置12个采样点进行为期一周年的浮游动物群落生态研究，共检出浮游动物263种，其中原生动物139种，轮虫95种，枝角类22种，桡足类7种．确定了内河的常见种和优势种，主要有绿眼虫、梨形四膜虫、多小核草履虫、瓶累枝虫、螅状独缩虫、红眼旋轮虫、懒轮虫、长足轮虫、萼花臂尾轮虫、角突臂尾轮虫和发头裸腹淹等．分析了内河12个采样点浮游动物数量和质量浓度的周年变化，没有得出明显的季节变化规律，但浮游动物出现的种类数和水温密切相关．浮游动物的优势种多以耐污种类为主，这表明福州内河的水质没有得到改善，甚至比10年前有所恶化．     

产纤溶酶菌种的鉴定及纤溶酶的分离纯化

为了获得纯纤溶酶并探讨其酶学性质,从广泛收集的豆豉中筛选到一株具有高产纤溶酶能力的菌株,经鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌.将该菌突变株DC-12N8的发酵液经离心除菌、硫酸铵分级沉淀、DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow和CM-Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换层析、Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤,获得电泳纯的豆豉纤溶酶,每升发酵液可得到4.5mg活性酶蛋白,每克酶蛋白活力达1.18mol/s,纯度为发酵原液的53.6倍,回收率为11.7%.SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳表明,该酶是单链蛋白质,其分子质量约为28ku.     

拟穴青蟹GnRH-R的免疫识别

促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)及其受体(GnRH-R)对生殖具有重要的调控作用.迄今无脊椎动物GnRH及GnRH-R的研究尚少.本研究采用兔抗人GnRH-R、兔抗果蝇GnRH-R和兔抗海鞘GnRH-R的抗体,应用免疫印迹和免疫共沉淀技术对拟穴青蟹(Scyllaparamamosain)GnRH-R进行了免疫识别,所得结果如下:1)经免疫印迹检测,拟穴青蟹脑、胸神经团、视神经节和精巢中共有的免疫阳性条带分子质量为45~55 ku.脑和胸神经团中另有一条36 ku条带;在精巢中,兔抗人GnRH-R和兔抗果蝇GnRH-R抗体只有一条28 ku条带,而兔抗海鞘GnRH-R抗体显示有28,36和30 ku的条带.2)利用免疫共沉淀技术,分离出与GnRH-R抗体相结合的两种物质,分子质量分别为38.1和54.0 ku,分别与哺乳动物和非哺乳动物GnRH-R的分子质量接近.该发现提示拟穴青蟹体内存在GnRH-R,为深入了解甲壳动物生殖调控机理提供了理论依据.     

扇贝外套腔内的共栖生纤毛虫：I.蠕状康纤虫的形态学研究

研究扇贝外套腔内栖生的纤毛虫一蠕状康纤虫Ｃｏｈｎｉｌｅｍｂｕｓ ｖｅｒｍｉｎｕｓ（Ｍｕｌｌｅｒ，１７８６）的形态、核器及纤毛图式。结果显示其口器结构为：Ｍ１呈单列结构，约占体长的１／２，Ｍ２由４组毛基粒构成，ＰＭ起自Ｍ２末端，Ｓｃ约由５个毛基粒构成。此外，还列表比较了不同作者报导的Ｃ．ｖｅｒｍｉｎｕｓ种群及其它６种已知的康纤虫的主要性状特征。     

一种纤毛虫的分类及形态研究—寄生于牙Ping体表溃烂组织中的指状拟舟虫

报道从牙Ping（Pardlichthys olivaceus)体表溃烂组织分离的一种纤毛虫,通过活体观察、扫描电镜、蛋白银染色法、银浸法,对其形态学及纤毛图式做了研究。经鉴定,该纤毛虫为指状拟舟虫（Pardlembus digitiformis Kahl,1933),录属于寡膜纲、质纤目、嗜污料、拟舟虫属。这是指状拟舟虫在牙Ping上兼性寄生的首次报道。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶的分离纯化及性质鉴定

以赤子爱胜蚓为材料，经过硫酸铵盐析、DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B离子交换层析、Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤和制备电泳分离得到四种纤溶酶组分．经PAGE鉴定四种组分为单一组分；SDS-PAGE测定其分子质量分别为27、28、23和33ku；等电点均在4．0以下；经甲苯胺蓝染色后都出现糖蛋白的阳性反应；用苯酚一硫酸法测定其中性糖含量分别为8.4％、13.5％、9．1％、6．8％；纤维平板法测得四种组分的活性存在明显差异；四种组分都具有直接溶解纤维蛋白和激活纤溶酶原的双重作用．pH值对四种组分纤溶活性稳定性的影响各不相同．四种组分对温度的适应范围较广．     

50 ku keratin-like protein and -microtublin coexist in higher plant cells

IF-like proteins have been obtained from suspension cells of Nicotiana tabacum by selective extraction. Western blot analysis shows that the major components of IF-like proteins are 6 keratin-like proteins of 64, 58, 55, 54, 50 and 45 ku. Specially the 50 ku protein also reacts with polyantibody against microtublin. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis shows that the 50 ku protein is composed of two different proteins and their amino acid sequences have been determined. Part of the sequence of one protein is identical to that of -microtublin and the other protein's sequence has no significant homologue, which should be a new sequence-unknown protein. These results suggest that 50 ku keratin-like protein and -microtublin coexist in higher plant cells, and that may lead to the phenomenon of co-distribution of IF and microtuble in plant cells.     

50 ku keratin-like protein and β-microtublin coexist in higher plant cells

IF-like proteins have been obtained from suspension cells of Nicotiana tabacum by selective extraction. Western blot analysis shows that the major components of IF-like proteins are 6 keratin-like proteins of 64, 58, 55, 54, 50 and 45 ku. Specially the 50 ku ptotein also reacts with polyantibody against microtublin. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis shows that the 50 ku protein is composed of two different proteins and their amino acid sequences have been determined. Part of the sequence of one protein is identical to that of β-microtublin and the other protein's sequence has no significant homologue, which should be a new sequence-unknown protein. These results suggest that 50 ku keratin-like protein and β-microtublin coexist in higher plant cells, and that may lead to the phenomenon of co-distribution of IF and microtuble in plant cells.     

杨树GABA支路3个基因家族的鉴定和表达分析

【目的】 γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)与植物的生长发育有着密切的联系。结合前期对GABA抑制杨树不定根发育的研究,对GABA支路基因家族的特征和表达模式进行研究,为进一步解释其在不定根发育中的作用奠定基础。【方法】从银白杨(Populus alba)×P. glandulosa ‘84K’(‘84K’杨)基因组中鉴定出GABA支路的PopGAD、PopGABA-T和PopSSADH 3个基因家族成员,并利用生物信息学方法分析其特征,以及与其他物种相关基因家族的亲缘关系;利用qRT-PCR研究外源GABA及其降解抑制剂vigabatrin(VGB)对各基因表达的影响。【结果】①PopGAD、PopGABA-T和PopSSADH 3个基因家族成员数量依次为6、2和2个,启动子序列中主要包含与光、激素和环境等响应相关元件。②系统进化分析表明,PopGAD家族中PopGAD6与家族其他成员亲缘关系较远;PopGABA-T和PopSSADH家族中的两个基因成员亲缘关系较近。③基因表达分析表明,不定根生长过程中GABA支路基因总体上在根中表达量高于茎和叶。外源GABA或VGB处理对PopGAD和PopGABA-T两个基因家族成员在根、茎和叶中的表达量影响程度不同,但对 PopSSADH基因家族的表达则无明显影响。【结论】 GABA支路3个基因家族在‘84K’杨树响应光、激素和环境胁迫等方面具有重要作用。外源GABA和VGB处理对PopGAD和PopGABA-T家族成员的影响较大,并且均在根中表达量最高,表明这两个基因家族在不定根生长过程中发挥着重要调控功能。这为深入解析GABA在树木不定根发生中的作用机制奠定了基础。     

一种云斑天牛气味结合蛋白的分离纯化

为揭示云斑天牛(Batocera lineolata Chevrolat)对气味分子的识别机制,通过荧光结合试验和葡聚糖凝胶G75(Sephadex G75)层析研究了云斑天牛对气味分子的识别情况,并对云斑天牛气味结合蛋白进行了分离纯化。结果表明,云斑天牛气味结合蛋白能与荧光探针N-苯基-1-萘胺(N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, 1-NPN)产生荧光结合,云斑天牛触角部位的总蛋白提取液中存在pro. Ⅰ-Ⅻ(Protein Ⅰ-Ⅻ)12种大分子粗提蛋白,这12种大分子粗提蛋白经Sephadex G75纯化后,得到1种能与荧光探针1-NPN产生荧光结合的纯化蛋白pur-pro. I(purified protein I)。纯化蛋白pur-pro. I分子质量约为15.2 ku,对应为大分子粗提蛋白pro. Ⅻ(Protein Ⅻ)。鉴定认为,分离纯化蛋白pur-pro. I是云斑天牛的一种气味结合蛋白。     

唐古特白刺NtCBL1、NtCBL2基因克隆及表达分析

[目的]唐古特白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)是土壤荒漠化和盐碱化防治的先锋植物,对高盐和干旱有极强的适应能力,植物CBL基因作为钙离子感受器,在植物逆境应答及发育过程中具有重要功能.以盐生植物唐古特白刺为材料,开展唐古特白刺CBL基因克隆及表达分析,以深入了解唐古特白刺的抗逆分子机制.[方法]根据唐古特...     

Cloning and expression of the Chinese wheat mosaic virus RNA2 coat protein readthrough and 19 ku cysteinerich domains and localization of these proteins

The 5′-terminal (RTn) and 3′-terminal (RTc) halves of the coat protein readthrough domain and the 19 ku cysteine-rich protein of Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) were amplified by RT-PCR, cloned and expressed in E. coli. Antisera and monoclonal antibodies against these proteins were prepared by immunising these purified proteins to mice. Detection of RTn, RTc and 19 ku proteins in CWMV infected wheat sap and leaf tissue indicated that the RTn and RTc proteins were distributed on the surface of virus particles whereas the 19 ku protein was in the cytoplasm of the infected wheat cells.     

乙醇酸氧化酶底物诱导实验

乙醇酸氧化酶底物诱导实验徐杰（华南师范大学生物技术研究所广州５１０６３１）关键词乙醇酸氧化酶；底物诱导；６６ｋｕ蛋白中图分类号Ｑ９４６．５我们用改进后的方法，即粗蛋白在柱层析前加人适量的ＦＭＮ，硫酸铰质量分数分布范围改为１５％一２５％，其余按［１１纯...     

Actin and myosin during pollen germination

Actin and myosin from pollen tubes of Lilium davidii were studied by using immunoblotting, Dot_Blot and myosin Ca 2+_ATPase analysis. On immunoblotting of the total soluble pollen tube proteins, anti_α_actin antibody labelled a polypeptide approximately 43 ku, which is considered to be the actin of lily. The mRNA encoding actin in ungerminated pollen and germinated pollen were both undetectable in our experiments. A myosin exhibited Ca 2+_ATPase activity, with a native molecular weight of 460 ku has been identified by using immunoblotting. A polypeptide of about 205 ku and a polypeptide of about 20 ku were the heavy chain and a set of light chain of the myosin, which can crossreact with anti_skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain monoclonal antibody and anti_skeletal muscle myosin light chain (20 ku) monoclonal antibody, respectively. The Ca 2+_ATPase activities of myosin in crude extracts of germinated pollen were positively related to the growth rates of pollen tubes.     

Phytochrome controlled, long-day photoperiod-inducible protein in rice leaves

A new protein in the leaves of NK58S and NK58 (Oryza sativa L. subsp.japonica), which can be induced by 10 d-long-day photoperiod (14 h lightid) and cannot be induced by 10 d-short-day photoperiod (10 h light/d), has been found by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The protein, whose molecular weight and isoelectric point are 36 ku and pH 5.2 respectively, is found to be controlled by phytochrome as shown by the experiment of red light induction-far red light reversion.The existence of this protein in both NK58S and NK58 reflects that some of the responses of NK58S and NK58 might be similar in response to long-day photoperiod, a mild stress.     

吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌JK-SH007多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因的克隆及表达分析

【目的】克隆吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌JK-SH007(Burkholderia pyrrocinia JK-SH007)多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因(BpPG),并阐明BpPG基因在B. pyrrocinia JK-SH007定殖中的生物学功能。【方法】通过设计特异性引物(PG-F、PG-F)克隆BpPG基因,并对其全长基因进行生物信息学分析; 采用MEGA 5.0软件进行系统发育树分析; 将B. pyrrocinia JK-SH007接种杨树,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法,分析BpPG基因在B. pyrrocinia JK-SH007定殖过程中的差异表达。【结果】BpPG基因全长2 001 bp,编码666个氨基酸,预测蛋白质分子量69.23 ku,理论等电点为8.37; BpPG蛋白有6个蛋白质结合位点,属于Glycosyl hydrolases family 28家族,为亲水性蛋白,不具有信号肽。二级结构主要包括α-螺旋、β折叠、延伸链和无规则卷曲,三级结构预测结果与二级结构相符。系统进化分析表明,BpPG与PG(GenBank 序列号WP 034181566.1)具有同源性。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示B. pyrrocinia JK-SH007定殖过程中,不同时期的BpPG基因表达量存在差异。【结论】克隆得到BpPG基因,BpPG基因在进化上是保守的,其极有可能在B. pyrrocinia JK-SH007定殖过程中发挥作用。