水热法制备三氧化二铝掺杂石墨烯泡沫

石墨烯泡沫与其他纳米材料掺杂是提高石墨烯泡沫性能、拓展石墨烯泡沫应用的重要手段.发展简便的掺杂石墨烯泡沫的方法对石墨烯技术具有重要的意义.本文以氧化石墨烯和偏铝酸钠为原料,采用水热反应一步合成了三氧化二铝掺杂的石墨烯泡沫复合材料.掺杂石墨烯泡沫采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、红外光谱和孔径结构等技术进行表征.结果表明,氧化石墨烯在水热反应中充分还原,偏铝酸钠在水热反应中有效水解.针状三氧化二铝纳米颗粒均匀掺杂到石墨烯泡沫的多孔结构中,得到比表面积大、掺杂量高的掺杂石墨烯泡沫.     

化学气相沉积法在金属衬底上制备石墨烯及其H2刻蚀的研究进展

自2004年首次亮相以来,石墨烯由于其优异的电学、光学、机械和化学性能引起了科学界极大的兴趣.目前,化学气相沉积(CVD)法是制备石墨烯的重要并且最有效的方法之一,利用CVD法制备的石墨烯在不同领域有着广泛的应用.本文分析了石墨烯在金属Ni和Cu衬底上的生长机理,介绍了在Cu衬底上利用CVD法制备石墨烯的研究进展,同时,阐述了石墨烯的H2刻蚀现象及相关应用.研究石墨烯的H2刻蚀,能够进一步理解石墨烯的生长机理,更好的促进石墨烯在微电子等领域的发展.     

可调谐石墨烯光电子器件

凭借着良好的光电、力学和热学性能,石墨烯是目前凝聚态物理领域一个重要的研究热点.而且由于石墨烯的色散关系在狄拉克点附近呈现线性特性,石墨烯的光电特性可以通过外加电场、磁场和温度来加以调节.因此,石墨烯是研究可调谐器件的良好平台.基于石墨烯的电导率随费米能级有明显改变的特点,在分析石墨烯器件的调制机制的基础上,对石墨烯可调谐器件在太赫兹、中红外和近红外的应用发展进行了综述研究.     

功能化石墨烯的性能与应用

石墨烯是一种具有独特二维晶体结构的新型碳纳米材料,具有优异的力学、电学、光学和热学性能,但是在溶剂中难以分散限制了其在很多领域的应用.功能化石墨烯提高了分散性,充分发挥了石墨烯的优良性能,在储能、生物医药、传感器和复合材料方面具有光明的应用前景.综述了石墨烯和功能化石墨烯的制备方法、优良性能及其各领域的应用.     

可调谐石墨烯光电子器件（英文）

凭借着良好的光电、力学和热学性能,石墨烯是目前凝聚态物理领域一个重要的研究热点.而且由于石墨烯的色散关系在狄拉克点附近呈现线性特性,石墨烯的光电特性可以通过外加电场、磁场和温度来加以调节.因此,石墨烯是研究可调谐器件的良好平台.基于石墨烯的电导率随费米能级有明显改变的特点,在分析石墨烯器件的调制机制的基础上,对石墨烯可调谐器件在太赫兹、中红外和近红外的应用发展进行了综述研究.     

透明导电薄膜(Ⅳ):石墨烯透明导电薄膜

石墨烯透明导电薄膜具有十分优异的光学、热学、电学和力学性能,在未来的柔性光电子器件中具有明显的优势.本文详细阐述石墨烯的结构及性质,综述以PET为衬底的TiN/石墨烯/PET薄膜、ZnO/石墨烯/PET薄膜、GaN/石墨烯/PET薄膜,以PI为衬底的PI/石墨烯/ZnO复合薄膜和石墨烯/Ag纳米线薄膜的研究进展,并概述石墨烯透明导电薄膜的应用领域.     

石墨烯吸附材料的制备与应用研究进展

石墨烯具有独特的结构、优异的性能,在诸多领域有广泛的应用.石墨烯层的原子均为表面原子,其表面积非常大,是天然的吸附材料.其易于制备、成本低廉等优势使得石墨烯吸附材料成为水处理研究中的热点.石墨烯及其复合材料已经在重金属、染料、杀虫剂、抗生素、石油等污染物的治理方面得到应用.综述了石墨烯吸附材料的制备方法以及其在污水处理方面的应用.分析了污染物在石墨烯吸附材料上的吸附行为,并讨论了石墨烯与污染物的相互作用.着重关注官能团对石墨烯吸附材料性能的影响,从化学视角提出了设计高效石墨烯吸附剂的思路.     

一种蜂窝状三维石墨烯的制备及表征

以天然鳞片石墨为原料,采用水热法和模板法,制备了蜂窝状的三维石墨烯,并对其形貌和结构进行了表征.利用Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯,将氧化石墨烯与聚苯乙烯微球制备液超声混合,进行水热反应得到氧化石墨烯包裹的聚苯乙烯微球模板.在弱碱性条件下,利用水合肼将聚苯乙烯微球表面的氧化石墨烯还原为石墨烯.之后,在强碱性条件下,利用甲苯去除聚苯乙烯微球模板,得到三维石墨烯结构.最后,经高温活化处理,得到蜂窝状的三维石墨烯.利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X线衍射(XRD)对制备的蜂窝状三维石墨烯进行了结构和形貌的表征.结果表明,本实验采用一锅法制备三维石墨烯,操作简单、成本低廉,制备的多孔三维石墨烯具有高比表面积、高导电率、强亲水性等优点,可广泛应用于导电复合材料、电池、化学和生物传感等领域.     

单双层石墨烯的制备及电导特性调控

石墨烯二维材料有着优异的物理、化学特性,在多个科学领域展现出广阔的应用前景.采用化学气相沉积方法在Cu-Ni合金表面制备了二维石墨烯薄膜并揭示其生长机制;研究生长时间、温度等对石墨烯覆盖度和晶格质量的影响.通过优化生长条件,成功制备了大面积单层及具有强烈层间耦合作用的AB堆叠双层石墨烯薄膜.进一步运用表面沉积技术在单层石墨烯上构建零维Au团簇和二维Au薄膜,研究其对石墨烯电导特性的影响;并结合第一性原理计算,揭示Au的形态及覆盖度影响石墨烯电导特性的规律.据此制作了石墨烯场效应晶体管器件,通过精确控制Au的覆盖度,实现石墨烯电导类型和载流子浓度的有效调控,拓展了其在微电子领域的应用.     

石墨烯和氧化石墨烯的生物体毒性研究进展

由于石墨烯功能材料具有优异的电子、光学等特性,已经被广泛应用在光伏电池、航空航天、生物传感、疾病诊断、细菌抑制、抗病毒材料等领域.随着其广泛的研究和应用,石墨烯和氧化石墨烯衍生物开始在空气、水和土壤中出现.这类物质粒径很小,容易进入生物体,与组织、细胞、细胞器和蛋白质等生物大分子相互作用,导致组织或细胞的功能紊乱.然而目前关于石墨烯及其衍生物的生物体毒性研究还不多.主要综述了近几年石墨烯和氧化石墨烯衍生物对生物体的影响,分析石墨烯相关材料对生物体作用的毒性机理,阐述其生物危害性,为石墨烯类产业发展所需要防范的环境风险提供基础信息,最后提出了对石墨烯及其衍生物进行定量研究生物毒性的重要性,以及含石墨烯类垃圾的处理方法.     

A brief review of graphene-based material synthesis and its application in environmental pollution management

Graphene is an interesting two-dimensional carbon allotrope that has attracted considerable research interest because of its unique structure and physicochemical properties. Studies have been conducted on graphene-based nanomaterials including modified graphene, graphene/semiconductor hybrids, graphene/metal nanoparticle composites, and graphene-complex oxide composites. These nanomaterials inherit the unique properties of graphene, and the addition of functional groups or the nanoparticle composites on their surfaces improves their performance. Applications of these materials in pollutant removal and environmental remediation have been explored. From the viewpoint of environmental chemistry and materials, this paper reviews recent important advances in synthesis of graphene-related materials and their application in treatment of environmental pollution. The roles of graphene-based materials in pollutant removal and potential research are discussed.     

纳米石墨烯的减摩抗磨研究进展

近年来,纳米石墨烯在摩擦学领域引起了一番新的热潮,纳米石墨烯因具有独特的物化性能、超薄层间结构和优良的自润滑性能,将其作为润滑添加剂能够显著提高机体的摩擦学性能。文中综述了纳米石墨烯作为固体润滑剂、水基润滑添加剂和油基润滑添加剂以及与其他纳米粒子的复合材料作为润滑添加剂的研究进展,归纳总结了石墨烯的保护层薄膜、低表面能、自润滑性能、复合材料共同作用等减摩抗磨机理;指出了纳米石墨烯存在的问题,如不同添加量的石墨烯对溶液的抗磨减摩影响较大,石墨烯的层数和结构都是影响机体抗磨减摩的重要因素,并对今后石墨烯的研究方向进行了展望。     

Deformation treatment and microstructure of graphene-reinforced metal matrix nanocomposites: A review of graphene post-dispersion

Graphene/aluminum(Gr/Al) composites have attracted the attention of researchers all over the world due to their excellent properties. However, graphene agglomerates easily because of the van der Waals force between graphite sheets, thereby affecting the performance of the composites. Decreasing the agglomeration of graphene and dispersing it uniformly in the Al matrix is a key challenge. In the preparation process, predispersion treatment and deformation treatment can play important roles in graphene dispersion. Researchers have conducted a series of research and literature reviews of the graphene predispersion and consolidation of composites. However, they paid less attention to post-deformation processing. This review summarizes different deformation treatments involved in the preparation process of Gr/Al composites and the evolution of the microstructure during the process. Research on deformation parameters is expected to further improve the properties of Gr/Al composites and would provide a deep understanding of the strengthening effect of graphene.     

石墨烯基电极材料在超级电容器中的应用

随着能源消耗的日渐增长,寻找低成本、环保、寿命长的储能设备迫在眉睫。在超级电容器领域,石墨烯电极材料以其高比电容、优异倍率性能、良好导电性等优势而受到广泛关注。对石墨烯材料的制备方法、电化学性能及相关机制做了总结,目的是研究不同结构的石墨烯材料对超级电容器性能的影响,并找到性能较为优异的石墨烯基材料。最后分析了石墨烯基电极材料发展中存在的问题,并对其研究前景进行了展望。     

Preparation and supercapacitor performance of assembled graphene fiber and foam

Graphene-based materials have been full of vigor and tremendous potentiality for application in supercapacitors due to its variety of unique properties such as electronic properties, simple synthesis, etc. In developing new macroscopic nanostructured graphene materials for supercapacitors, considerable efforts have been made by the scientist including our research group. In this account, we describe our development of the construction of the assembled graphene especially fiber and foam, which have great potential in addressing the challenges in the synthesis of graphene-based electrode materials for supercapacitors. As the supercapacitors are reviewed in this article, they are accordant with the rapid development of flexible, lightweight, and wearable-electronic devices, overcoming the major some drawbacks of conventional bulk supercapacitors. We hope that this summary will benefit the further research of graphene-based materials for the applications in electrochemical energy storage devices and beyond.     

石墨烯国际发展态势分析

石墨烯最早由英国曼彻斯特大学科学家于2004年成功制备,因其集优异的力学、热学、电学和磁学性能于一身,迅速成为近年来材料科学和凝聚态物理领域的研究热点之一。随着对其制备、性质研究的不断深入,应用领域日益扩大。该文主要从国际相关研究计划、相关科学研究进展、SCI论文统计分析等几个方面对石墨烯国际发展态势进行了分析,最后提出了我国石墨烯材料与技术的发展对策与建议。     

Unique synthesis of graphene-based materials for clean energy and biological sensing applications

Graphene has unique physical properties,and a variety of proof-of-concept devices based on graphene have been demonstated.A prerequisite for the application of graphene is its production in a controlled manner because the number of graphene layers and the defects in these layers significantly influence transport properties.In this paper,we briefly review our recent work on the controlled synthesis of graphene and graphene-based composites,the development of methods to characterize graphene layers,and the use of graphene in clean energy applications and for rapid DNA sequencing.For example,we have used Auger electron spectroscopy to characterize the number and structure of graphene layers,produced single-layer graphene over a whole Ni film substrate,synthesized well-dispersed reduced graphene oxide that was uniformly grafted with unique gold nanodots,and fabricated graphene nanoscrolls.We have also explored applications of graphene in organic solar cells and direct,ultrafast DNA sequencing.Finally,we address the challenges that graphene still face in its synthesis and clean energy and biological sensing applications.     

石墨烯在强化传热领域的研究进展

 石墨烯是一种单原子层厚度的二维平面碳纳米材料,具有超高的载流子迁移率、高热导率等特性。本文综述目前石墨烯在强化传热领域的研究进展,包括石墨烯热导率的测试方法,以及石墨烯在纳米流体、热界面材料、高导热复合高分子材料方面的应用,并对未来石墨烯的研究方向进行展望。     

Applications of graphene-based materials in environmental protection and detection

Many efficient adsorbents and sensors based on graphene and functionalized graphene have been constructed for the removal and detection of environmental pollutants due to its unique physicochemical properties. In this article, recent research achievements are reviewed on the application of graphene-based materials in the environmental protection and detection. For environmental protection, modified graphene can adsorb heavy metal ions in a high efficiency and selectivity, and thus reduces them to metals for recycling. High adsorption capacity of graphene-based materials to kinds of organic pollutants in water was also presented. Several graphene-based sensors with high limit of detection were reported to detect heavy metal ions, toxic gases and organic pollutants in environment. Finally, a perspective on the future challenge of adsorbents and detection devices based on graphene is given.     

石墨烯专利技术国际研发态势分析

石墨烯是物理学、化学、材料科学等领域近年来的研究热点之一。因其集优异的电学、力学、光学、化学和热学等性能于一身,石墨烯已经成为一个备受关注、竞争非常激烈的新兴技术领域,近年来全球相关专利申请数量持续快速增长。该文基于DII数据库,利用TDA、Aureka等分析工具,对全球石墨烯相关专利进行了分析,揭示了全球石墨烯相关专利技术的研发和竞争态势。