CdS光化学修饰介孔TiO2及其增强的可见光催化活性

[目的]提高介孔TiO₂材料的光催化活性。[方法]采用蒸发诱导自组装法(EISA),以四氯化钛和钛酸丁酯为钛源,嵌段共聚物P123(EO₂₀PO₇₀EO₂₀)为模板剂,制备介孔TiO₂。用光化学修饰法将CdS掺进介孔TiO₂中,合成对可见光有较好响应的复合材料,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)和光催化等手段对样品进行表征。[结果]XRD和TEM结果表明成功合成有序的六方介孔材料;AAS确定复合材料中Cd的含量为0.96mg/g;光催化于500 W氙灯下以2×10^-5mol/L次甲基蓝(MB)为模型污染物,结果显示CdS/TiO₂复合材料的可见光催化活性明显提高。[结论]光化学修饰法制备的介孔CdS/TiO₂复合材料可增强其可见光催化活性。     

铝含量对B2铁铝空位浓度和硬度的影响

[目的]铁铝合金在高温结构材料、加热元件等方面有广泛的应用,对其强化和韧化机理的研究对设计和开发新型铁铝基高温合金具有重要意义。[方法]采用真空熔炼方法制备不同铝含量的铁铝合金,经过不同的退火温度热处理后,用XRD方法测量其晶格常数,确定其X射线密度,采用阿基米德法测量其体密度,从而确定其空位浓度;用显微硬度计测量其硬度。[结果]空位浓度随着铝含量的增加而增加,随热处理温度的升高合金中空位浓度增加;显微硬度随铝含量的增加或热处理温度的升高而增大。[结论]随着铝含量的增加,空位形成能下降,空位浓度增加;随着热处理温度的升高,合金中空位浓度增大;合金显微硬度增大主要是由于空位浓度增加对位错的阻碍作用增强所致。显微硬度与空位浓度的关系可近似表示为H_V=1.922+2.179C_Vac^1/2。     

纳米Al2O3颗粒对Cu-Al2O3性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米Al₂O₃颗粒,通过粉末冶金法制备氧化铝铜（Cu-Al₂O₃）。采用X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、洛氏硬度仪和涡流计分别测试了Cu-Al₂O₃的结合能、微观组织、硬度和导电率。结果表明：随Al₂O₃颗粒含量的增加,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度先升高后降低,当Al₂O₃颗粒的质量分数达到0.084%时,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度达到最大值75.73（HRB）。Cu-Al₂O₃的导电率随着Al₂O₃颗粒含量的增加逐渐下降。Al₂O₃颗粒的质量分数为0.084%时为最佳值,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度达到最大值,导电率达到69.1% IACS。     

含三联吡啶基团的聚三苯胺类电致变色薄膜的制备及性能研究

以4-甲酰基三苯胺和2-乙酰基吡啶为原料合成了配体TPAtpy，再与二价钴离子配位制备配合物Co (TPAtpy)₂，最后在ITO玻璃表面采用电化学聚合制备了两种电致变色薄膜poly-TPAtpy和poly-Co (TPAtpy)₂。由于Co (Ⅱ)金属离子与有机配体之间有较强的相互作用，金属配位聚合物具有更好的稳定性，poly-Co (TPAtpy)₂比poly-TPAtpy表现出更好的电致变色性质，poly-Co (TPAtpy)₂的光学对比度高达76.5％（750 nm），着色效率高达570.1 cm²/C，响应时间较短(着色时间：12.8 s；褪色时间1.8 s)。     

Mo含量对铁基熔覆层组织及性能的影响

为改善铁基熔覆层组织的均匀性,提高其耐磨性能,利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、显微硬度计和磨损试验机,研究了Mo元素对铁基熔覆层组织及性能的影响。结果表明,不添加Mo的熔覆层主要由奥氏体和针状碳化物（M₇C₃）组成,熔覆层组织不均匀,整体硬度波动大,耐磨性较差,磨损过程中出现了大范围剥落;添加Mo元素后,熔覆层组织均匀细化,强化相（M₇C₃及Fe₇Mo₃）主要呈网状分布,整体硬度较为均匀,其中Mo添加量为10%时熔覆层的耐磨性能最好,较基体提升了1.76倍。因此,加入Mo元素可以改善铁基熔覆层组织的均匀性及耐磨性,研究结果可为提升材料表面的耐磨性提供理论参考。     

Al2O3对Mo-W-Co高温合金力学性能的影响

通过改变Mo-W-Co高温合金中Al₂O₃的含量,研究Al₂O₃对Mo-W-Co高温合金硬度和耐磨性能的影响.采用球磨、压制成形和真空烧结等工艺制备Mo-W-Co-Al₂O₃高温合金,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和金相显微镜(OM)对制备好的合金的相结构、形貌和粒度进行分析,并测试合金的硬度和耐磨性能.结果表明:添加Al₂O₃能提高Mo-W-Co高温合金的硬度和耐磨性能,当w_Al2O3为5%时,Mo-W-Co高温合金的硬度和耐磨性能达到最佳效果;在真空烧结时,Al₂O₃在合金中形成了γ-Al₂O₃相,是影响合金组织和性能的关键相.     

圆端形钢管混凝土双向偏压柱的力学性能研究

在合理确定钢和混凝土本构模型基础上,运用有限元数值分析软件ABAQUS模拟典型圆端形钢管混凝土双向偏压柱的荷载-变形曲线,开展工作机理分析. 分析结果显示： 在双向偏压荷载作用下,圆端形钢管混凝土柱能表现出较高的极限承载力和延性;钢管对核心混凝土可起到有效约束作用,圆弧段钢管对混凝土的约束效应高于平直段钢管. 典型算例表明,圆端形钢管混凝土双向偏压柱的M_x/M_ux-M_y/M_uy相关曲线呈四分之一椭圆形. 最后提出该类双向偏压柱承载力的简化计算式,与有限元模拟结果对比,简化计算结果偏于保守.     

基于VAR模型的货币政策有效性研究

利用2004年1月到2015年9月的经济金融季度数据,通过对货币供应量M₂、 工业生产总值GDP_i、 公共财政支出和战略新兴产业产出进行分析,构建VAR模型及其脉冲响应函数对我国货币政策在战略新兴产业方面的有效性进行了实证检验. 结果表明：货币供应量M₂、 工业生产总值GDP_i和公共财政支出对战略新兴产业影响显著;公共财政支出和市场会对战略新兴产业有一个筛选过程;货币供应量M₂的增加会使传统产业对战略新兴产业产生“挤兑效应”. 因此,央行在制定有利于战略新兴产业发展的相关货币政策时需更多地考虑货币供应量和财政政策的双重影响.     

二乙胺六氯化锡(IV)的合成、结构及介电开关特性

本研究合成了化合物二乙胺六氯化锡 [Et₂NH₂]₂⁺[SnCl₆]^2- (1)并对其进行了单晶X-射线衍射, DSC以及变温介电性能测试。研究结果表明,化合物1在高于370 K时发生了可逆一级相变,其相变过程与六氯化锡阴离子的各向同性旋转以及二乙胺阳离子的180°翻转运动有关。对应于该相变过程,化合物1可以实现高低介电状态转换,因而有望成为一种新型的高温分子基介电开关材料。     

基于化学诱导相变法的磁性液体合成及其磁光效应

使用化学诱导相变法制备的γ-Fe₂O₃磁性纳米颗粒,经油酸表面包裹可分散于煤油中合成磁性液体.在磁场作用下,圆偏振光透过磁性液体样品后,由于双折射效应和二向色性,透射光为椭圆偏振光.用圆偏振光作为探测光源,使用θ扫描技术可得到透射椭圆偏振光的相对强度角分布的T-θ曲线.从曲线可得到反映透射椭圆偏振光特征的相对透射强度的最小值T_min和最大值T_max以及椭圆的取向角Δθ.从这些透射光的参数可导出磁双折射效应Δn和磁二向色性Δκ.实验结果表明：随着磁场H增强或颗粒体积分数φ_v增大,Δn和Δκ增加.所制备的磁性液体的磁双折射和磁二向色性来源于在磁场作用下,磁性液体中的磁性纳米颗粒由分散体系形成了场致链结构.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-