氨纶分散染料染色工艺研究

文章选用了几种不同结构类型的分散染料对氨纶的染色性能进行研究,探讨了分散染料结构与氨纶染色的上染百分率的关系,系统研究了影响分散染料染氨纶的主要工艺参数(温度、时间、pH值),以及这些工艺参数对氨纶的断裂强力和弹性回复率的影响。研究表明,氨纶纤维用分散染料染色,偶氮苯类和含有-OH,-NH2等极性基团且分子较大的蒽醌类的分散染料,染色性能较好,上染率达80％以上。染色工艺条件为：90～95℃,pH值4～6,染色40～60min。     

分散染料在染色涤纶上固着状态的探讨

利用X-射线衍射、DSC热分析和光学行为的测量,对三个分散染料(C.I.分散红225、167,C.I.分散蓝73)在染色涤纶纤维上的固着状态进行了研究。结果表明:这些染料均不以晶体状态固着在纤维上,所以染色纤维的色光与这些染料晶型的颜色没有关系。     

分散染料的多晶性及其染色行为的研究

利用X-射线衍射分别鉴定了C.I.分散红225和167的两种晶型及无定形,并定量地测试了这些晶型的热稳定性。结果表明:这些晶型受干热的行为相同,都无晶型转变发生:在水中受热时,仅有C.I.分散红167的α晶型转变成了β晶型。在染色时,发生这种晶型的转变会导致染色匀染性下降。又,染色结果表明:这两个染料在涤纶纤维上的上染量受晶型的影响不大。     

稀土在真丝绸染色中作用机理探讨

通过测定在不同pH条件下,Yb3 + 在蚕丝纤维上的吸附;Yb3 + 对染料可见吸收光谱曲线的影响 ,以及YbCl3 在不同 pH条件下对上染百分率和染色牢度的影响 ,讨论了在真丝绸染色中 ,Yb3 + 与染料和纤维之间的作用 ,以研究稀土在真丝绸染色中的作用机理 结果表明 ,稀土离子在pH值大于蚕丝的等电点时 ,具有促染作用 ,主要是改变纤维表面电性的结果 在 pH值小于蚕丝等电点时 ,YbCl3 具有缓染作用 由于稀土离子与染料和纤维之间的作用 ,使染色牢度提高 ,这种作用主要是离子间的作用 ,络合作用不明显     

稀土在羊毛染色中作用机理的研究

本文在稀土助染工艺应用研究的基础上,采用多种化学及物理方法,比较全面地研究了羊毛染色过程中稀土离子的作用,较好地从化学的角度说明了稀土染色中节约染料、节约红矾和改善染色织物手感的原因。     

吡啶类暂溶性分散染料的合成研究

本文报导了一类新型暂溶性分散染料——吡啶阳离子染料的合成,采用IR、NMR,MS描述了这类染料的分子结构特征。实验表明,吡啶阳离子化反应在DMF中反应收率高,易于分离,为这类染料的工业化提供了可能。     

苯甲醇存在下涤纶分散染料低温染色

本文在分散染料染浴中加入苯甲醇对涤纶进行染色,研究了苯甲醇对涤纶染色性能的影响.实验结果表明:在涤纶织物分散染料常压染色过程中,加入一定浓度的苯甲醇,可以降低涤纶的玻璃化温度,显著提高上染百分率和K/S值.     

涤纶织物的染色方法

介绍了分散染料对涤纶纤维的染色理论,新老染色方法,为实际生产提供了依据,对分散染料染色进行了展望和回顾。     

降低氨纶与锦纶交织物正反面色差的研究

探讨了用汽蒸法对氨纶裸丝进行染前热定形法提高山德兰ＭＦ类酸性染料染色上染百分率的方法,显著降低了氨纶／锦纶交织物的色差     

两种多晶型的分散染料在水中和染浴中的溶解行为

对a、b晶型的C.I.分散红225和C.I.分散红167的溶解度测试及溶解热计算,发现,它们在染浴中的溶解行为不同于在水中的溶解行为。造成两者有差别的主要因素如下: 1.颗粒大小的不同; 2.界面能对体相化学位的影响; 3.染料晶型对溶解度的影响。     

超声波对超细羊毛纤维中性染料染色的影响

采用超声波处理对超细羊毛纤维进行不同深度的染色其影响不尽相同。研究表明,对于染料用量3 %(owf)以下的中浅色,染色前对纤维进行超声波处理,75 ℃染色可达到常规沸染的效果;而对于染料用量5 %(owf)的深色,超声波处理对染色有一定帮助,但作用与中浅色相比相差较多;超声波处理可以将染色温度降为85 ℃,减少纤维损伤,节约能源。     

Adsorption Mechanism of Disperse Dye on Elastic Polyurethane Fibre

In this paper, the adsorption isotherms of two disperse dyes, C.I. Disperse Red 60 and C.I. Disperse orange 76, on two kinds of PU fibers at 90℃ were measured respectively. It was found that these adsorption isotherms followed a dual model, Nernst and Langmuir. Based on the parameters obtained in studying, the relationship between the chemical structure of dyes and their adsorption behaviors was arialyzed. Through the measurement of washing fastness of dyed sample with two dye concentrations, 1% （o.w. f） and 3% （o. w. f）, it was found that the pale shade dyeing possessed better wet-fastness than the dark. This phenomenon confirmed further that the disperse dyes were sorbed on the PU fiber by langmuir sorption and the partition mechanism.     

One-bath Dyeing of Polyester/Wool Blend with Disperse Dyes

The role of auxiliary LAB as vehicle in dyeing polyester/ wool blends with disperse dyes is described. Dye exhaustion and bonding on polyester/wool samples are studied under different experimental conditions - the LAB amount, the temperature and pH value - to achieve optimum conditions. The results are compared with those obtained with and without conventional dyeing auxiliary products. Although dye exhaustion is higher in the presence of commercial carriers, the dye bonded increases markedly in the presence of auxiliary LAB in both fibers. The role played by auxiliary LAB in polyester/wool blend dyeing can provide a new method for this process.     

New Technology of Disperse Dyes Solubilized by Auxiliaries Dyeing to Wool

The new technology of disperse dyes solubilized by auxil-iary dycing to wool is put forward creatively.On the ef-fect of agent HM made by ourselves,the wool can bedyed by disperse dyes.The effects of temperature,pHvalue,liquor ratio,electrolyte and concentration ofHM,on the percentage of exhaustion,dyeing rate andpermeability,levelness are researched.This technologyhas many advantages,e.g.superior levelness and wet-fastness,saving dyes,simple process and bright shadeetc.,this project has utmost values of theory researchand practice application.     

Kinetics of Hydrolysis of Cationic Reactive Disperse Dyes Containing Quaternary Group

The kinetics of hydrolysis of cationic reactive disperse dyes containing quaternary group and chemical shift（13CNMR） of the adjacent carbon atoms with pyridine-acetylamino were discussed. The results show pyridine-acetylamino reactive group had higher reactivity than chloroacetylamino and chemical shift（13 CNMR） of the adjacent carbon atoms with pyridine-acetylamino moved 18.77 ppm.     

C.I.分散红60及其同系列染料在不同pH染浴中的染色性能

在不同ｐＨ染浴中测试了Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红６０及其相关品种（Ｃ。Ｉ。分散红１２７、１４６及１９１）对涤纶织物的染色性能。结果表明,染浴ｐＨ不影响Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红６０、１９１对涤纶织物染色的提升力。中性、碱性染浴下Ｃ。Ｉ。分散红１４６对涤纶织物的染色性能优于酸性染浴。Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红１２７在碱性染浴下对涤纶织物染色的提升力小于中性染浴,在酸性条件下能获得最佳提升力。染浴ｐＨ对上述染料的而晒、耐升华牢度没有影响     

活性染料冷轧堆染色

本文介绍了活怀染料冷轧堆染色工艺和该工艺节省能源等特点。     

Influence of Low Temperature Dyeing Accelerant on Acrylic Fiber Dyed with Cationic Dyes

The dyeing behavior of cationic dyes to acrylic fiber with self-made low temperature dyeing accelerant was investigated in this study.Compared with conventional dyeing,the acrylic yarn was dyed with Cationic Turquoise Blue X-GB at 85℃ in the presence of accelerant and absence of accelerant,respectively.The influence of low temperature dyeing accelerant on the dyeing mechanism of acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dye was analyzed through kinetics and thermodynamics study.The results show that adding dyeing accelerant can heighten the equilibrium dye-uptake,dyeing rate constants,diffusion coefficients,and shorten half-dyeing time for acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dyes.Furthermore,the partition coefficient,the standard affinity,and the dye saturation value also increased in the dyeing at 85 ℃.     

阳离子缓染剂对腈纶染色性能的影响

研究了阳离子缓染剂■烷基;R_1,R_2,R_3为吗啉、烯丙基或短链烷基,其中可能含有—OH:X为水溶性阴离子)对腈纶染色性能的影响。当染浴中缓染剂的量增加,缓染剂结构中烷基链长增长时,缓染效果增加。缓染剂中阴离子类型和N上所连接的取代基不同时,缓染效果受到影响。在染色过程中增加缓染剂可消除环染,且不影响染料的耐晒牢度,染色纤维具有良好的抗静电性能。