Plasma Modification of Wool: The Effect of Plasma Gas on the Properties of the Wool Fabric

The wool fabrics were treated with low temperature plasma (LTP) using three different gases, namely (ⅰ) oxygen, (ⅱ) nitrogen and (ⅲ) 25％ hydrogen/75％ nitrogen gas mixture. After LTP treatment, the low stress mechanical properties, surface properties and thermal properties of the fabrics were investigated by kES-F (Kawabata Evaluation System) Instruments composing of KES-FBI for tensile and shear property measurement, KES-FB2 for pure bending measurement, kES-FB3 for compression measurement, KES-FB4 for surface friction and surface roughness measurement, and KES-F7 for thermal property measurement. The first four instruments were used for investigating the charaeterlstlc aspect related to fabrle hand while the last one was mainly for the fabric comfort. The properties of LTP treated fabrics under the effect of different gases were compared with the untreated fabric quantitatively.     

低温氧等离子体处理对羊毛织物性能的影响

为了改善羊毛织物的毡缩、润湿等性能,采用低温氧等离子体对羊毛织物进行改性处理.通过单因素实验,综合评价羊毛织物处理前后的性能变化情况,分析了羊毛织物性能变化与等离子体处理时间、功率和压强变化之间的相互关系;利用原子力显微镜表征了处理前后羊毛纤维鳞片结构的变化情况.实验结果表明,利用低温氧等离子体对羊毛织物进行改性处理,可以获得较好的防毡缩效果,并能改善织物的润湿性能.有效控制处理条件,织物的断裂强力和伸长率不但不会减小,反而可以得到一定程度的增强.     

低温等离子体处理对羊毛织物性能的影响

采用空气低温等离子体对羊毛表面进行改性处理,探讨了等离子体处理对羊毛织物抗毡缩性、强力、白度、润湿性、染色性能等的影响.正交试验结果表明:等离子体处理羊毛织物的实验室最佳工艺为时间3min、压强50Pa、功率150W.经空气低温等离子体处理,羊毛织物的毡缩率和白度降低,而润湿性、强力和弱酸性普拉红B染色K/S值提高.单独经过空气等离子体处理的羊毛织物达不到"机可洗"的要求.     

增氮析氮法生成气泡去除钢液中显微非金属夹杂物

为了进一步完善增氮析氮法生成气泡去除钢液中显微非金属夹杂物技术，研究了真空处理时间、充氮压力、气体类型等因素对钢中全氧和显微非金属夹杂物的影响.结果表明：减压处理过程中，钢液中非金属夹杂物可为过饱和气体氮气形成气泡提供非均相形核核心；增氮析氮法可有效地降低钢中全氧，去除钢中显微非金属夹杂物；真空处理时间越长，钢中全氧和显微非金属夹杂物数量越低，当真空处理时间为30 min时钢中全氧去除率达到了81.6%，而且全氧质量分数最低达到7×10-6.     

Enzymatic Treatment for Shrink-proofing of Wool

Introduction Duetothescalestructureandresiliencyproperties, woolhasatendencytoshrinkundertheinfluencesof moisture,detergentsandagitation.Nowadaysthemost commerciallysuccessfulshrink proofingprocedureistheIWS/CSIROchlorine Hercosetttopprocessasa combinationofsubtractiveandadditivemethods[1,2]. However,apartfromyellowingandresultingasynthetichandle,thisprocessproducesabsorbableorganichalogen compounds(AOX)[1,3],whichcauseseverepressureon environmentallegislation[4,5].Forecologicaland econ…     

低温等离子体处理羊毛和棉纤维的电子自旋共振法研究

用电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）方法研究经氧、氮、氩、氢、一氧化碳及四氟甲烷气体低温等离子体处理的羊毛和棉纤维的自由基。结果表明低温等离子体反应在纤维基质中生成自由基，自由基的强度与纤维基质、微观结构、等离子体气体种类以及处理条件有关。考察了自由基的热稳定性和经时变化。     

胱氨酸的极谱催化波研究

用循环伏安法、线性变位单扫描极谱法等研究证明，碘酸钾存在下胱氨酸的极谱催化波是一个有吸附的平行催化波。与其氢催化波不同，在该极谱催化波体系中，胱氨酸自身作为去极剂被还原产生含硫自由基，这个含硫自由基被ＫＩＯ３及其各种氧化价态的活泼基团氧化再生成胱氨酸。另外，讨论了碘酸钾的氧化、铵离子的增敏、汞电极的作用以及胱氨酸浓度的影响。     

Enzymatic Treatment of Wool

Three proteases were applied to treatments of wool. The shrinkage, dyeing behavior, some physical and mechanical properties of treated wool were studied. Peroxymonosulfate(PMS) and lipase were used to pretreat wool before the treatment of it by protease. The results show that the shrink resistance of wool fabric is not obtained when it is treated only by the protease, but it is remarkably improved when the wool fabric is treated first by PMS or a lipase afterwards by protease. The rate of dyeing is increased when the wool is treated by protease or combination of oxidant/ lipase and protease. Whiteness, luster and softness of treated wool are improved, while the strength and elasticity are reduced.     

Comparison of Structures and Properties between Wool and Ramie Fibers Treated by Atmospheric Pressure Ar and Ar/O2 Plasma

The technique of atmospheric pressure plasma is of value in textile industry. In this paper, argon (Ar) and argon/oxygen (Ar/O2) atmospheric pressure plasma were used to treat wool and ramie fibers. The structures and properties of treated fibers were investigated by means of SEM, XPS, single fiber tensile tester and so on.The results proved that the effects of plasma treatments depended on structural characteristics of fibers to a great extent, besides conditions of plasma treatment. By atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, wool fiber had significant changes in morphology structure, surface chemical component, mechanic properties and dyeability, while ramie fiber just showed a little change. In additional, Ar/Q2 plasma showed more effective action than argon. And at the beginning of treatment, plasma brought about remarkable effects, which did not increase with prolonging of treat time.     

基于等离子体处理的羊毛织物易护理整理

基于等离子体处理的羊毛织物防缩抗皱整理.探求一种新的生产方法,即毛织物经等离子体处理后,其防缩性、抗皱性、防污性都有所提高,再经过整理剂整理,对毛织物损伤小,整理效果明显改善.     

介质阻挡放电等离子体对甲基蓝的脱色研究

主要利用射流介质阻挡放电阵列,在水中放电产生等离子体并开展甲基蓝溶液脱色处理研究。通过紫外吸收光谱在590 nm处吸收峰对甲基蓝进行表征。实验结果表明:在工作气体为Air(100%)和He/Air(1:1)的混合条件下,放电处理5 min后甲基蓝的脱色率高达99.99%;在工作气体为He条件下,处理5 min后甲基蓝的脱色率仅为3%。研究分析表明N₂和O₂在放电过程中形成大量的氮、氧活性粒子,这些氮、氧活性粒子有极强的化学活性,对甲基蓝脱色过程产生重要的影响。     

电晕处理对毛织物表面性能的影响

对羊毛织物的表面进行了电晕处理，用XPS和SEM研究了处理前后纤维袁面化学结构及物理结构的变化，探讨羊毛的润湿性、表面静电性能和对植物染料染色性能的变化．结果表明，经电晕处理后，羊毛表面舍氧量增多，表面漫润性得到改善，增加了纤维表面的亲水性；此外，电晕处理导致鳞片表层胱氨酸的部分二硫键氧化断裂，改善了对植物染料黄连的染色性能，表现为上染速度提高，但上染率变化不大．     

Effects of Enzymatic Treatments with a Protease and a Total Crude Cellulase on the Handle and Prickle of a Viscose/Wool Blend Furnishing Fabric

Carefully controlled treatments with a protease and acellulase were used to improve the softness and reducethe subjectively perceived prickle of a coarse wool andviscose blend fabric. The activity towards wool of a non-specific endoprotease (Novolan L) was shown to bemuch greater in buffer containing a reducing agent (so-dium sulphite). The balance between protease and sodi-um sulphite concentrations was studied in order to reducethe amount of enzyme required.     

羊毛防寒服面料性能要求及其织物设计方法

为了有效地提高羊毛防寒服面料的综合服用性能,采用实验法和分析归纳法,探讨羊毛防寒服面料的主要性能要求;并针对这些性能要求,分别对常用的不同种类的面料进行织物防钻毛性能、保温性能和透气性能实验．通过实验数据的对比分析,提出了改善羊毛防寒服面料性能的设计思路．结果表明,采用高紧度非涂层高支高密斜纹组织的织物设计方法是提高羊毛防寒服面料综合服用性能的有效途径．     

锦纶化学镀镍织物新型前处理工艺的研究

探索新型的锦纶化学镀镍织物前处理工艺并利用正交实验寻求最佳壳聚糖整理工艺.运用等离子体处理技术、壳聚糖与钯配位的作用,采用配位自组装原理,在锦纶织物表面形成均匀致密的钯金属活化膜,从而取代传统的化学镀前处理工艺.实验得出壳聚糖整理的最佳工艺:整理液浓度10g/L,温度60℃,交联剂浓度10mL/L;最佳的等离子体处理参数:压强30Pa,功率200W,时间3min.新型前处理工艺减化了织物化学镀的前处理工序,尤其是有效地减少了贵金属钯的用量,使其用量从0.18g/L减至0.04g/L,减少量近78%,节约了生产成本.     

起球对兔羊毛针织物损伤的影响

本文讨论了起球对兔羊毛针织物损伤的影响。通过实验我们发现掉毛和掉球从兔羊毛针织物表面移去了大量纤维,造成织物损伤。用球的增长机理解释了起球大大超过初始绒毛量的现象,从而说明起球不只是影响兔羊毛针织物的美观,更是一种磨损机理。     

藏氆氇织物服用性能的测试与评价

为揭示藏氆氇织物独特的服用性能与原理,对结构相近的藏氆氇织物与普通毛织物以及化纤织物的规格、结构参数、舒适性能和耐用性能4方面进行试验测试与比较分析.结果表明藏氆氇织物属于门幅窄小(23～27cm)的全毛斜纹厚重型织物,其具有经密小、纬密大,经纱粗、纬纱细,经向紧度小、纬向紧度大、总紧度大于100%的结构特征,且具有保暖、防风、防潮、沾水少和坚牢耐磨的独特服用性能,从而表明其对于青藏高原的自然环境和当地的生产生活具有良好的适用性.     

Shrinkage Properties of Wool and Acrylic/Wool Plain Knitted Fabrics Treated with DC109

This paper examines the effects of shrink - resist treatment, washing cycle and fabric tightness on the shrinkage properties of plain knitted fabrics made from 100% wool, acrylic/wool (50/50) and acrylic/wool (70/30). It was found that shrinkages of both treated and untreated wool fabrics were negatively correlated to fabric tightness and exceeded the IWS shrinkage limits (5% in length and 8 % in area) after 2 - 5A washing cycle. The effect of tightness was not as obvious with acrylic/wool (A/W) fabrics, but the shrinkage was seen to increase with stages of washing cycle for untreated A/W fabrics with some exceeding IWS standard. By applying the DC 109 shrink - resist solvent treatment, it was identified that by with higher percentage of acrylic fibre blended with wool, shrinkage could be reduced considerably and within acceptable limits.     

聚丙烯薄膜表面改性的X射线光电子能谱研究

用二射线光电子能谱技术(MSCA或XPS)研究了在纯氧和纯氮气中,用射频辉光放电等离子体激发,使聚丙烯薄膜表面改性;在空气中用紫外光长期照射聚丙烯薄膜使其表面氧化.结果表明,后者与前者的氧化情况类似.氧化速率不同。在纯氧气氛中所获得的聚丙烯薄膜除了在最初阶段其表面含氧官能团主要是单键氧外,随着处理时间的增长,含双键氧的官能团显著增加.经长时期放置后,含氧官能团(主要是含双键氧官能团)减少.用曲线拟合方式,研究了在3种情况下所获得的聚丙烯薄膜的表面光电子能谱团,对其氧化机理进行了讨论。     

THE EFFECT OF, ABRASION ON LOW STRESS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FABRIC

The low stress mechanical properties of a pure wool and a wool / polyester blend twill fab-rics which were abraded at various abrasion cycles were measured using the KES-F system andthe Instron tensile machine. The surface change of fabrics before and after abrasion was stu-died by means of scanning electron microscope. With the increasing number of cycles, the re-covery behavior of the fabrics studied in tensile, shear and bending deformation decrease, theantibuckling ability lowers, the friction coefficient increases. The geometric roughness de-creases during the first step of abrasion then enhances with further abrasion. The influence ofabrasion on mechanical properties of the pure wool fabric are larger than that of blend fabric.