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1.
戊糖己糖混合糖发酵生产乙醇的主要影响因素   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以树干毕赤酵母为发酵菌株,高混合糖(木糖、葡萄糖)为发酵底物,确定树干毕赤酵母高糖浓度发酵时所需的条件.研究结果表明,在高糖浓度乙醇发酵中,树干毕赤酵母较为适宜的发酵温度为30℃,发酵24 h,残糖浓度和乙醇浓度分别为0.1 g/L和32.5 g/L.添加硫酸铵1.1 g/L+微量元素发酵效果较好,乙醇浓度为33.2g/L.由典型发酵过程中各物质浓度变化曲线可知,酵母优先利用葡萄糖,发酵12 h葡萄糖和木糖的还原糖利用率分别为89.3%、10.7%.待12 h葡萄糖几乎被消耗完后,对木糖的利用开始占主导地位,乙醇浓度随着糖的不断消耗而逐渐提高.发酵28h时乙醇浓度最高,达到33.2 g/L.  相似文献   

2.
分批添料对戊糖、己糖同步发酵制备乙醇的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以树干毕赤酵母为发酵菌株,混合糖(葡萄糖与木糖质量比为2∶1)为发酵底物,通过分批添料来提高糖利用率及乙醇得率。结果表明,一次性投料发酵糖初始浓度以94.0 g/L为最佳,乙醇浓度可达33.9 g/L。在高糖浓度一次性投料发酵中,延长发酵时间可以继续降低残糖浓度,增加乙醇浓度。但是初始糖浓度越高,其变化幅度也越低。初始糖浓度为108.0 g/L,31 h发酵后残糖浓度为9.1 g/L,乙醇浓度为34.3 g/L,延长到42 h时残糖浓度为0.4 g/L,乙醇浓度提高到37.0 g/L。当总糖浓度为80.9 g/L时,补糖时间在12 h内完成,且以两次补糖法较合适,发酵24 h乙醇浓度达到33.8 g/L。  相似文献   

3.
对一株能利用木糖产乙醇的管囊酵母D-21进行了发酵条件的优化,研究了接种量、氮源、碳源和维生素对乙醇产量和还原糖利用率的影响。结果表明:接种量过高会影响乙醇产量,以6%(体积分数)为宜;当木糖质量浓度为50 g/L,碳氮质量比为20∶1,使用酵母膏和尿素组成的复合氮源时(质量比为2∶1),发酵72 h后所得乙醇质量浓度为12.5 g/L,达到理论产量的55%;当木糖与葡萄糖的质量比为3∶1时,乙醇质量浓度为15.72 g/L,为理论产量的69%;在发酵培养基中添加质量分数为2×10-5维生素B6可使乙醇产量提高18.3%。  相似文献   

4.
树干毕赤酵母单级连续发酵制取乙醇的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究了稀释率、流加糖浓度和初始酵母浓度对树干毕赤酵母单级连续发酵的影响.结果表明:稀释率对单级连续发酵影响较大,当流加糖浓度为45 g/L、稀释率为0.04~0.06 h-1时发酵效果较好,乙醇得率可达0.370~0.372 g/g,产率为0.586~0.754 g/(L·h).在稀释率为0.06 h-1时,较为适宜的流加糖浓度为45 g/L,此时乙醇产率为0.785 g/(L·h).只要稀释率和流加糖浓度确定,初始酵母浓度不会对达到"稳态"的单级连续发酵产生影响.当稀释率一定时,发酵40 h后基本可达到"稳态",此后各参数均稳定在一定范围内,可稳定连续发酵104 h.  相似文献   

5.
为提高乙醇产率,通过同源重组的方式敲除嗜热厌氧杆菌乳酸支路中的乳酸脱氢酶基因,得到了嗜热厌氧代谢工程菌Δldh突变株.应用葡萄糖、木糖、葡萄糖/木糖混合糖3种碳源,分别对Δldh突变株与野生菌进行分批补料发酵产乙醇的研究.结果表明,与野生菌相比,Δldh突变株不仅显著提高了乙醇产率,而且提高了糖的消耗速率;Δldh突变株与野生菌都能以葡萄糖和木糖为基质生长,而与木糖为单一碳源相比,在葡萄糖/木糖共发酵时,木糖消耗速率有所降低;在以葡萄糖为单一碳源时,Δldh突变株的乙醇质量浓度和产率达到最高,分别为25.93 g/L和0.39 g/(L.h).  相似文献   

6.
对丙酮丁醇梭菌在以葡萄糖、木糖、蔗糖、混合糖、玉米芯酸解糖液分别作C源的P2培养基中的产丁醇状况进行研究.结果表明:不同C源对丙酮丁醇梭菌发酵产丁醇有显著的影响;葡萄糖为底物时,丁醇产量最高达到13.50g/L,总溶剂为19.66 g/L;蔗糖为底物时,丁醇所占比例都在70%以上,丁醇产量可达12 g/L;木糖、混合糖为底物时,丁醇产量在10 g/L左右;只有丙酮丁醇梭菌14-28能利用玉米芯酸解糖液发酵产丁醇,丁醇产量为7 g/L.  相似文献   

7.
利用流加技术高密度培养裂殖壶菌生产二十二碳六烯酸(DHA),根据裂殖壶菌间歇发酵的特性,通过分别流加浓缩全培养基和高浓度葡萄糖(600 g/L)以提高细胞密度和DHA含量.结果表明,当培养过程中葡萄糖浓度降至10 g/L左右时,采用变速流加葡萄糖使发酵液的糖浓度维持在10~20 g/L之间,对裂殖壶菌的生长和脂肪酸的积累最有利,发酵120 h后,其生物量、脂肪酸以及 DHA含量达到最大值,分别为60.6、40.2和8.0 g/L,DHA 累计速率为66.7 mg/(L·h).  相似文献   

8.
本文对海藻酸钙固定化德氏乳酸杆菌的间歇发酵动力学进行了探讨,并对固定化细胞高糖浓度发酵以及外循环固定化细胞反应器连续发酵工艺条件进行了研究。结果表明:固定化不改变细胞的最适生长温度和pH;底物和产物均对细胞生长有抑制作用;固定化细胞生长的饱和常数和抑制常数增大,比生长速率减小,产酸速率增加;高糖浓度发酵最适工艺条件为初糖浓度120~130g/l,发酵时间68~72h,发酵液中乳酸浓度可达100g/l;外循环固定化细胞反应器连续发酵最适工艺条件为初糖浓度50g/l,稀释速率0.048~0.09l/h,转化率达78%。  相似文献   

9.
树干毕赤酵母固定化细胞的酒精发酵   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用海藻酸铝酸胶包埋,将低浓度的树干毕赤酵母(Pichia stipitis)细胞固定,其凝胶粒直径约2-3mm,经增殖培养,使凝胶珠表面的细胞密集,极大地减少了传递阻力,有利于该酵母细胞的“半好气”酒精发酵,结果表明,固定化细胞戊糖,己糖同步酒精发酵糖液初始PH5.0-5.5较适宜;混合糖60g/L(50%葡萄糖、50%木糖)的固定化细胞酒精发酵,发酵前12h主要利用葡萄糖,12h以后木糖利用占主导地位,以低PH(2.8,2.4,2.0)无菌水处理酵母细胞海藻酸铝凝胶珠,2-3h后又恢复正常PH(5.0)。用PH2.8无菌水处理固定化细胞2-3h,细菌基本上被杀死,而酵母细胞功能不受影响,当PH2.4时,对酵母细胞影响较大,而PH2.0时,酵母细胞严重受损,大部分死亡。  相似文献   

10.
采用转基因pYBGA1酵母发酵葡萄糖及纤维二糖培养基,通过交叉实验研究了温度、酵母投入量对乙醇产率的影响;对木质纤维素进行爆破预处理,得到葡萄糖和纤维二糖的质量分数占50%预处理水解液,采用转基因pYBGA1酵母对预处理水解液发酵制备乙醇。结果表明,转基因pYBGA1酵母最佳发酵温度为28℃,最佳酵母投入量为108mL-1;当水解液中糖浓度为20g/L时,预处理水解液发酵得到乙醇的最大浓度可达6.8g/L。  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

14.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

15.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

16.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

17.
Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.  相似文献   

18.
正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-  相似文献   

19.
We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-  相似文献   

20.
正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that  相似文献   

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