生物农药固态发酵条件的研究

探讨了以麸皮为主要原料进行固态发酵生产生物农药的方法,研究了不同培养基成分及培养条件对苏云金杆菌毒力效价的影响．试验结果表明,最适发酵培养基为：麸皮1000g,玉米粉20g．豆粕150g,KH2PO4 2g;最佳发酵条件为：原料含水量为60％,发酵温度30℃、pH为7．5,培养时间48h．结果分析表明,苏云金杆菌的毒力效价达5400IU／mg。     

发酵啤酒糟生产饲料蛋白的研究

利用热带假丝酵母（Ｃａｎｄｉａｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｉｓ）、绿色木霉（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｄｒｍａｌｉｇｎｏｒｕｍ），白地霉（ＧｒｉｅｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｃａｎｄｉｄｕｍＬｉｎｋ）、黑曲霉（ＡｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓＮｉｇｅｒ）、米曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｇｉｌｌｕｓｏｒｙｚａｌ）等五株菌混合发酵啤酒糟生产饲料蛋白，提高饲料的利用价值，并改善了啤酒糟的适口性。通过五种菌株的协同作用使啤酒糟中的非氮物质转化为蛋白质，没被利用的多糖物质和如纤维素，半纤维素及部分淀粉转化为被消化吸收的低聚糖、双糖和单糖。在同一条件下，同一时间内各种菌株相互间协调，各自完成发酵的功能。培养基为啤酒糟８５％、玉米面１０％、麦麸５％。培养温度２８－３０℃，培养周期４８ｈ。分析结果表明：粗蛋白含量高达３２．８６％以上，氨基酸齐备，粗纤维降低到９．９％，具有较高的蛋白酶，果     

酸性蛋白酶饲料固态发酵条件的研究

探讨了以啤酒糟为主要原料进行固态发酵生产酸性蛋白酶饲料的方法,研究了不同发酵基质配比及发酵条件对酸性蛋白酶活力的影响.试验结果表明,最适的发酵基质配比为m(啤酒糟)∶m(豆粕)∶m(玉米淀粉)∶m(KH2PO4)=100∶9∶2∶0.2;最适发酵条件为:原料含水量为58%,发酵温度31℃,初始pH为5.5,发酵时间84 h.在上述条件下,酸性蛋白酶活力达7 800 U/g.     

利用啤酒糟液体深层培养风尾菇产木聚糖酶的初步研究

研究了风尾菇（Pleurotus ostreatus）利用啤酒糟作为原料进行液态发酵产木聚糖酶的可行性.通过正交试验得出最佳的培养基配方.同时对不同发酵时间还原糖的减少和木聚糖酶活性的进行测定.培养基最佳配方：啤酒糟6 g,黄豆粉0.32 g,玉米粉2 g,糖10 g,pH值5.0.发酵的最佳时间为72 h,此时木聚糖酶的活性最大,为9.2 U/mL.     

苏云金杆菌NU-1之6种培养基发酵的对比

目的提高苏云金杆菌NU-1制剂的毒力。方法通过苏云金杆菌NU-1在6种培养基中发酵,研究其菌体生长、pH值变化、芽孢形成、伴孢晶体率、发酵周期等。并对其晶体蛋白进行了提纯和测定。结果5号培养基产量最高,30℃发酵40h时菌数可达80.4×108个/mL,伴孢晶体率大于90%,晶体蛋白浓度达6.312mg/mL。结论用5号培养基作的制剂毒力最强。     

苏云金杆菌中国品系Bt ken—Ag 10t罐发酵研究

苏云金杆菌Btken-Ag在10t发酵罐中,以豆饼粉和玉米淀粉为底物发酵30h,发酵液毒力效价平均达2096IU／μL。粉剂产品回收率为84．5％,其性能指标分别达到：毒力效价为17000IU／mg,活孢子数在3×1010个／g以上,细度为95％通过300目标准筛,悬浮率在85％以上,含水量在5％以内,润湿性在15s以下。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌MS7培养条件的优化

通过单因子试验对苏云金芽孢杆菌MS7菌株的培养条件进行优化．研究表明,该菌株的最佳培养基组成和发酵条件为：蔗糖10．0g／L、牛肉膏10．0g／L、K2HPO42．0g／L,初始发酵pH7．0,装液量25mL,培养温度35℃,培养时间36h,优化后细菌总数可达1．2×10^8CFU／mL．     

利用味精废水生产苏云金芽孢杆菌生物农药Ⅱ：苏云金芽孢杆菌的菌种筛选及发酵优化

利用味精废水生产苏云金芽孢杆菌生物农药。首先将废水作为筛选培养基,对18株苏云金芽孢杆菌进行初筛和复筛后,确定菌株WB5为适合该废水生长的菌株。在此基础上,通过正交实验,确定了添加到废水中的营养物组分（％）：玉米淀粉3,蛋白胨1,豆粕3。发酵条件优化结果表明：培养基初始pH为8．0,发酵温度30℃、200rpm摇床培养50h。     

酶化苏云金芽孢杆菌固态发酵培养基研究

在生物农药生产过程中，粉碎能耗占据了生产成本的10％以上。采用纤维素酶对苏云金芽孢杆菌固体发酵的培养基进行前处理，得到一种易粉碎的培养基，用该培养基发酵所得产品后处理能耗明显降低，且和原培养基发酵产品的效价相当，证明纤维素酶的加入没有影响菌种的生长。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌发酵技术研究进展

苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis简称Bt）是目前产销量最大的生物农药，其发酵过程是工业生产的关键步骤，本文对培养基成份，pH值、氧气、温度、发酵时间等发酵条件进行了综述，参考文献28篇。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that