世界最大远红外线望远镜升空

前不久,欧空局的目前世界最大远红外线望远镜“赫歇尔”及宇宙辐射探测器“普朗克”顺利发射升空。它们将被定位在距地球约160万千米的“第二格朗日点”附近,以背对太阳和地球的姿势,对宇宙进行持续观测,研究星体与星系的形成过程。     

高红移Lyα发射线星系观测研究

高红移Lyα发射线星系的研究是理解宇宙恒星形成历史和早期星系形成的关键.作为高红移宇宙的重要组成部分,Lyα发射线星系是研究星系形成、宇宙恒星形成和结构形成历史以及宇宙再电离时期的重要探针.近20年随着8–10 m级地面望远镜和红外设备的发展,利用窄带测光技术和光谱观测,人们对Lyα发射线星系的研究取得了巨大进展.本文主要介绍由窄带测光技术选取的红移2以上的Lyα发射线星系的成团性质、恒星星族和发射线星云性质、恒星形成性质、紫外连续谱和Lyα发射线形态,与莱曼断裂星系的关系,对宇宙恒星形成率密度的贡献,以及极高红移Lyα发射线星系对宇宙再电离时期的限制等方面的研究进展.     

星系3D立体图

遥远星系虽然只是宇宙中的一片光芒，但天文学家利用哈勃太空望远镜和欧洲的甚大望远镜（VLT）获得了一些遥远的3D立体图，其时间可以追溯到60亿年前的星系模样。其中，哈勃太空望远镜观察到这些遥远星系的结构，而欧洲南方天文台的甚大望远镜利用光谱仪来揭示星系气体的运动情况。     

Automatic Fiber Orientation Detection for Sewed Carbon Fibers

Automatic production and precise positioning of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) require precise detection of the fiber orientations. This paper presents an automatic method for detecting fiber orienta- tions of sewed carbon fibers in the production of FRP. Detection was achieved by appropriate use of regional filling, edge detection operators, autocorrelation methods, and the Hough transformation. Regional filling was used to reduce the influence of the sewed regions, autocorrelation was used to clarify the fiber di- rections, edge detection operators were used to extract the edge features for the fiber orientations, and the Hough transformation was used to calculate the angles. Results for two kinds of carbon fiber materials show that the method is relatively quick and precise for detecting carbon fiber orientations.     

基于Spitzer数据的羟基脉泽寄主星系的中红外特性研究

目前发现羟基脉泽的星系都为亮或极亮的红外星系,但在许多(极)亮红外星系中并未探测到羟基脉泽辐射,这可能意味着羟基脉泽寄主(极)亮红外星系具有某些独特的特性.文章利用Spitzer红外卫星的测光数据,研究羟基脉泽寄主星系的中红外特性.通过统计对比分析羟基脉泽寄主星系和非羟基脉泽寄主星系(即未探测到羟基脉泽辐射的星系)在3. 6μm、4. 5μm、5. 8μm、8μm和24μm波段的辐射光度和谱指数、中红外能谱分布,及其与羟基脉泽光度的关系,结果发现:(1)非羟基脉泽样本的3. 6μm辐射光度明显大于羟基脉泽样本;(2)羟基脉泽样本的谱指数较大,能谱分布的对比显示羟基脉泽的光谱更陡(8μm～24μm);(3)羟基脉泽光度与中红外24μm的光度存在较弱的正相关(R～0. 36),间接支持羟基脉泽辐射的远红外辐射抽运机制.     

紫外光波段的仙女座星系

紫外光波段的仙女座星系是何种样貌?最鲜明的景观会是星系核的周围,环绕着一圈圈的年轻泛蓝恒星.离我们只有250万光年远,亦称为M31的仙女座星系,以大星系的标准来说是近邻.仙女座星系宽达23万多光年,所以在2003年,NASA的星系演化探测器(GALEX)望远镜拍下了11幅不同的照片,才得以建构出此螺旋星系的壮丽紫外光影...     

水脉泽寄主星系的Spitzer中红外特性研究

截至目前,在已搜寻过的5 000多个星系中,只在180多个星系中探测到水脉泽辐射,这种脉泽的绝大多数与活动星系核(AGN)辐射相关.文章利用先进的红外卫星Spitzer对水脉泽星系样本多个波段的观测资料(3.6μm、4.5μm、5.8μm、8.0μm和24.0μm),计算得到该样本的红外辐射光度、谱指数等物理参量.通过统计对比分析水脉泽寄主星系和非水脉泽寄主星系在各个波段的辐射光度和谱指数、中红外能谱分布,结果显示:①水脉泽星系有较大的中红外光度,尤其在长波24μm波段更为明显;②水脉泽和非水脉泽星系的谱指数与能谱分布没有明显区别;③水脉泽光度与其寄主星系的中红外光度统计显示没有明显的相关性.研究结果为将来水脉泽的搜寻工作提供可能的选源指导.     

HCN(氰化氢)亚毫米波激光器的研制

我们研制的小型HCN(氰化氢)激光器,可作为实验室用亚毫米波讯号源,能长时间稳定工作,需要工作气体少.实验中已观察到波长为337μm 及311μm 的激光谱线,最佳输出功率可达4.5mw.     

基于GPS的FAST望远镜馈源平台自动测量控制系统

500m直径大射电望远镜(简称FAST望远镜)的跟踪观测是由馈源的空间运动来实现,因此馈源在搜索运动过程中要保持很高的稳定性。就馈源平台自动控制系统对位置和姿态测量精度要求进行分析,提出了采用实时动态技术和全球定位系统(GPS)姿态测量技术进行馈源平台的实时监控,以实现整个FAST望远镜对宇宙射电源的自动化跟踪。介绍了GPS时实动态姿态测量原理和FAST监测系统的构成,以及姿态测量的数学模型和解算方法。该方法在50mFAST馈源模型上试验得到馈源平台中心点位精度为5.65mm、姿态精度0.345°可以满足FAST望远镜一次支撑的精度要求。     

QTT超宽带多波束信号接收与处理系统

新疆奇台拟建的110 m全可动射电望远镜(QiTai Radio Telescope, QTT),主要用于脉冲星观测、引力波及黑洞探测、恒星形成和星系起源等基础科学研究领域.为了满足众多科学需求,将配备各种超宽带、多波束、高灵敏度接收机与处理系统,其主要功能是将射电望远镜收到的微弱的电磁波信号经接收机放大、滤波、变频之后在数字终端进行处理.由于该系统决定了射电望远镜的工作带宽、瞬时带宽和视场,并与灵敏度具有紧密联系,因此作为该大型射电望远镜的重要组成部分,对于望远镜的性能具有至关重要的作用.本文具体展示了QTT超宽带多波束信号接收与处理系统配置方案和主要性能指标,系统地论述了QTT接收机与信号采集与处理系统初步技术方案,分析了信号接收与处理系统的关键技术问题.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that