基于改进阈值的振动信号小波去噪方法研究

为了解决现有小波阈值去噪方法中硬、软阈值函数存在的缺陷,提高小波阈值去噪效果,文章通过研究不同阈值函数的去噪原理,提出一种应用于小波去噪的改进阈值函数,使其同时具有硬、软阈值处理的优点;并利用MATLAB分别对仿真信号和实际车削振动信号进行分析,验证改进阈值函数的可行性。结果表明：相较于传统的硬、软阈值函数去噪方法,该文提出的改进阈值小波去噪方法能更加有效去噪,在保留振动信号原貌特征的同时,提高信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio, SNR)并减小均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE),适合非平稳振动信号去噪,为后续信号处理和车刀磨损状态识别工作奠定了一定的基础。     

小波阈值去噪在烟气轮机信号分析中的应用

由于烟气轮机振动信号中含有大量的噪声成分,常使其非线性特征量的提取不准确,因此将基于阈值的小波去噪应用于烟气轮机振动信号分析中。首先介绍了小波阈值去噪的基本原理、阈值和阈值函数的选择方法,并对阈值函数进行了改进;然后分别对含噪Lorenz信号和实测振动信号进行小波阈值去噪实验,计算了其去噪前、后的关联维数。结果表明,小波分解后,不同尺度上信号和噪声的小波系数的分布规律明显不同,通过对其分析可以合理选择小波分解的尺度;在此基础上对小波系数进行阈值处理并重构,能有效地去除信号中含有的噪声,很好地保存信号的局部特征;去噪后信号的伪相图更加规则,关联维数估计值更加合理。该方法能提高信号分析的准确率。     

基于提升小波变换的心音去噪新方法

针对传统的小波阈值函数去噪无法有效滤除信号中的特定噪声,结合软、硬阈值函数的优点,提出了一种基于提升小波新阈值函数算法对心音信号进行去噪.首先利用提升小波变换对心音信号进行分解;然后利用新阈值函数更新其小波系数进行重构;最后与提升小波软、硬阈值函数去噪后的心音进行了希尔伯特包络提取验证其去噪效果.实验结果表明,提出的提升小波去噪新方法较软、硬阈值方法有更好的滤波效果,且提取的曲线包络更加清晰、平滑.     

一种新的超声导波信号小波阈值去噪方法

在断轨检测中,为了获取有效的超声导波信号,必须对超声导波进行相应的去噪工作,而去噪效果的好坏直接影响到测量结果精度和可靠性。为了进一步提高去噪效果,本文针对传统的阈值函数法的不足,进行适当的改进,即提出一种新的小波阈值函数来提高去噪效果。文中简述了该种小波阈值函数的原理及构建,并进行了相关的仿真和分析;将该种方法的去噪效果与传统的软、硬阈值函数法去噪效果进行比较。结果表明,相对软阈值函数法,新阈值函数方法去噪后信号信噪比提高6%~15%,均方误差降低14%左右;相对硬阈值函数法,新阈值函数方法去噪后信号信噪比提高8%~25%,均方误差降低20%左右,并且新阈值函数方法去噪后信号幅值非常接近原始信号幅值,即该种超声导波小波阈值法相对于上述传统阈值函数法去噪效果有明显提升。     

基于小波熵的矿用齿轮箱振动信号相关去噪法

 利用真实信号小波系数相邻层间相关性强的特性,将基于小波熵的相关去噪法应用于矿用齿轮箱振动信号的处理,进行有用系数和噪声系数的划分,并对有用的小波系数进行重构,恢复原有真实信号,去噪过程中采用小波熵自适应设定阈值。为比较小波自适应相关去噪和硬阈值与传统相关性去噪的性能,分别对仿真信号和齿轮箱实测振动信号进行去噪处理,通过3种去噪方法的重构波形对比和信噪比与标准差的定量评价,以及实测信号的功率谱分析,表明小波熵相关去噪法有效提高了矿用齿轮箱振动信号的可信度。     

基于自适应阈值小波变换的心音去噪方法

在采集心音信号时,难免会引入一些噪声,对心音信号诊断之前必须对其做去噪处理。由于心音信号是非线性非平稳信号,对心音信号去噪处理常用小波变换去噪方法,但是传统的小波阈值函数去噪方法需要自定义阈值,去噪效果也不理想,且可能会滤除了大量的细节特征,从而无法对心音信号做出正确的判断。为了克服传统小波阈值函数对心音信号去噪处理出现失真的问题,本文在半软阈值函数的基础上提出了基于蚁群算法优化选取阈值的非线性小波变换去噪方法。以原始心音为研究对象,通过选用db6小波并进行6层小波分解,分别选用硬阈值函数、软阈值函数、半软阈值函数、蚁群算法的优化阈值的半软函数等不同的小波去噪处理,并将去噪效果与原始心音进行对比,然后利用蚁群算法的全局搜索性搜索最小均方误差意义下的最佳阈值。仿真结果分析表明:蚁群算法优化选取阈值的心音去噪效果不仅能够去除噪声,还能保留信号细节特征,该方法与传统的硬阈值函数去噪方法相比信号的信噪比(SNR)和均方根误差(RMSE)均得到明显的改善。     

自适应小波阈值融合去噪法对采煤机振动信号的处理

提出一种自适应小波阈值去噪方法,该方法综合软、硬阈值函数的优点,构建了改进的阈值函数,赋予融合系数μ非定值表达式,使其具有较好的适应性。针对采煤机振动信号采集过程中的背景噪声较大的问题,采取分段阈值的方式,阈值根据信号分解层数的不同来确定。Matlab仿真实验表明,与软、硬阈值去噪法相比,改进的阈值去噪法去噪能力更强,而且能更好地保留原始信号的特征,对原始信号的重构更为准确。运用该方法对采煤机摇臂所采集的振动信号进行去噪处理,有效地去除了高频噪声信号,保留了齿轮啮合频率所在的低频频段,提高了信号的信噪比。     

基于新阈值函数的二进小波变换信号去噪研究

由于二进小波变换的小波基函数存在着一定的冗余,基于二进小波变换的去噪效果要好于离散小波变换的信号去噪·噪声阈值的准确估计和阈值函数的选择对去噪精度有着显著的影响·在分析高斯噪声的二进小波变换特性基础上,提出了一种改进的二进小波变换去噪方法·采用一种新的阈值函数,克服了Donoho软阈值方法中估计小波系数与分解小波系数存在恒定偏差的缺陷·仿真结果表明,改进的二进小波去噪方法不仅可以有效地抑制信号奇异点处的pseudo-Gibbs现象,而且消噪精度高于传统的软硬阈值方法·     

基于小波熵的最优阈值去噪方法

小波去噪的核心问题是如何选取合适的阈值函数,进而估计出原始信号的小波系数.现有的改进去噪函数中大都含有需要根据经验来确定的待定参数,易用性和去噪效果均不理想.基于信号的小波熵理论,提出了令去噪后得到原始信号和噪声信号的小波熵之和为最大、从而获得了最优的小波软阈值去噪函数.对含噪声的Blocks信号进行仿真分析的结果证实了文中提出方法的有效性,该方法比采用软、硬阈值方法具有更好去噪效果.     

基于改进小波去噪预处理和EEMD的采煤机齿轮箱故障诊断

针对采煤现场强噪声背景下采煤机齿轮箱振动信号集合经验模态分解(EEMD)故障特征不明显和分解效率较低的问题,提出基于改进小波去噪预处理和EEMD的故障诊断方法。采用小波改进阈值函数法对振动信号进行去噪预处理,与传统小波阈值函数法相比能够有效地提高信号的信噪比。对去噪后的信号进行EEMD分解得到若干个本征模态分量(IMF),计算各IMF分量的相关度并剔除虚假分量。将该方法应用于采煤机齿轮箱行星轮的故障诊断,通过对真实的IMF分量进行频谱分析并提取信号的故障特征频率,与未去噪的信号进行对比。研究结果表明:该方法能够突出故障特征频率,使分解效率提高17.35%,并能进一步减小模态混叠现象。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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