稀土杂多化合物Ba4[Ce(Ⅳ)W10O33]·24H2O制备及纳米化

以TritonX-100/n-C10H21OH/H2O体系W/O微乳液为基础,分别以K8[Ce(Ⅳ)W10O33]·32H2O和Ba(NO3)2水溶液代替组分水制备W/O微乳液.然后将两种微乳液混和,得到淡黄色沉淀的Ba4[Ce(Ⅳ)W10O32]·24H2O纳米粒子.经电镜分析所得Ba4[Ce(Ⅳ)W10O33]·24H2O纳米粒子为粒径6 nm的圆球状颗粒.并用TG-DTA和Raman对该化合物进行了袁征.     

Keggin型多金属氧酸盐Cs3PMo12O40·12H2O纳米粒子的微乳液法的制备

在二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠/ n-C7H16H2O(AOT)微乳液体系中制备出Keggin型多金属氧酸盐Cs3PMo12O40·12H2O纳米粒子,由透射电镜照片观察到这种球形纳米粒子的平均尺寸为60 nm.当杂多酸阴离子PMo12O3-40的浓度增大到50 mol/ m3时,粒子直径增加到200 nm.IR光谱和X射线粉末衍射测定结果表明:纳米粒子中的PMo12O3-40阴离子仍然保持Keggin结构,并且这些纳米粒子的固相为结晶态.     

纳米磷钨酸银光催化剂的微波固相合成

首次应用微波辐射以H3PW12O40和AgNO3为原料,固相反应合成出Ag3PW12O40.12H2O纳米微粒;用FT-IR、UV-vis、TG-DTA确定产物的组成和结构;SEM和BET对产物的形貌、晶粒尺寸和比表面积进行了表征;结果表明,产物为纳米粒子,平均粒径为40 nm,比表面积为179.6938 m2.g-1.在固相反应中,结晶水能形成无数微小的反应水池,限制了产物粒子的晶粒尺寸大小,在微波的磁场和电场作用下,Ag+有序定向的扩散到[PW12O40]3-的外表面,由于微波有极强的穿透力,对样品是内外一起加热,物体快速均匀地升温,从而使游离的H2O、NO2和CO2瞬间同时均匀的挥发出来,溢出的气流阻止了Ag3PW12O40.12H2O颗粒间的团聚.图4,参9.     

多金属氧酸盐纳米粒子修饰电极的制备及电催化研究

通过溶胶 -凝胶技术首次将有机 -无机杂化的多金属氧酸盐纳米粒子 [(CH3) 4 N] 6 P2 Mo18O6 2 ·9H2 O修饰在蜡浸石墨电极的表面 ,并研究了该纳米粒子修饰电极的电化学行为和电催化行为 .不仅探索了一种更好的多金属氧酸盐修饰剂 ,而且为研究其他纳米粒子的电化学行为提供了一种简单而实用的方法 .     

有机-无机杂化纳米材料的制备、表征及性质

利用低温固相反应首次制备了 [(CH3 ) 4 N] 3 PW12 O4 0 ·6H2 O(Ⅰ ) ,[(CH3 ) 4 N] 6P2 Mo18O62 ·9H2 O(Ⅱ ) ,[HMTAH2 ] 2 ·SiW12 O4 0 ·7H2 O(Ⅲ )等纳米粒子 ,并用红外光谱、透射电镜、X射线粉末衍射等手段进行表征 .结果表明 ,粒子大小均一 ,平均粒子直径为 4～ 8nm ,并具有潜在的电荷转移盐性质及非线性光学性质 .     

Dawson结构钨磷酸盐纳米粒子的室温固相合成与表征

采用室温固相反应法合成了(NH4)6P2W18O62·12H2O纳米粒子.通过元素分析、红外光谱分析、X射线衍射、透射电镜等对其进行了表征.结果表明,制备的纳米粒子仍保留着杂多阴离子的Dawson结构,具有Dawson结构的特征衍射峰.制备的粉体粒子平均粒径为32nm.用此方法合成多金属氧酸盐的纳米粒子,避免了产生大量反应液而造成的环境污染,优于其他方法.     

ZnS纳米粒子在层状液晶中的原位合成及润滑性能

在TritonX-100/C10H21OH/H2O体系层状液晶中原位合成出粒径为20-30nn3ZnS纳米粒子,用高速环-块磨损试验机考察了ZnS纳米粒子在TritonX-100/C10H21OH/H2O体系层状液晶中的润滑性能,并用X射线光电子能谱对其摩擦化学作用机理进行了研究.研究结果表明,ZnS纳米粒子能提高TritonX-100/C10H21OH/H2O体系层状液晶的润滑性能,其在摩擦过程中,发生了摩擦化学反应,在摩擦表面生成了化学反应膜.     

两种多酸基无机-有机杂化纳米材料的合成、表征与催化作用研究探讨

采用室温固相法合成了2种无机-有机杂化纳米材料,1∶12杂多酸苄基三甲基铵盐纳米微粒, (C10H16N)3[PW12O40]·5H2O (1) 和 (C10H16N)4[SiW12O40]·2H2O (2).分别用元素分析、IR、TG-DTA和TEM等对其组成、结构、颗粒大小和表面形态等进行了表征.并研究、探讨了2种材料对H2O2分解的催化作用.结果显示,2种产物的微粒仍保持Keggin结构,化合物1微粒近似为球形,化合物2微粒为棒形,平均粒径分别为60 nm和50 nm.2种季铵盐纳米微粒对H2O2分解均具有一定的催化作用.     

Fe_3O_4-[(ZnL_2)(H_2O)_2]_2H_2[P_2Mo_5O_(23)]·2H_2O纳米复合粒子的合成及性质

以Fe_3O_4与[(ZnL_2)(H_2O)_2]_2H_2[P_2Mo_5O_(23)]·2H_2O(L=pyridine-2-carboxamide)为原料成功合成了Fe_3O_4-[(ZnL_2)(H_2O)_2]_2H_2[P_2Mo_5O_(23)]·2H_2O纳米复合粒子.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫外可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、荧光光谱仪(PL)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对Fe_3O_4-[(ZnL_2)(H_2O)_2]_2H_2[P_2Mo_5O_(23)]·2H_2O纳米复合粒子进行结构和性质研究,结果表明合成的Fe_3O_4-[(ZnL_2)(H_2O)_2]_2H_2[P_2Mo_5O_(23)]·2H_2O纳米复合粒子平均粒径为10.4nm,几乎呈球形,大小较为均匀,室温下显示良好的光学和磁学性能,在黑暗条件下,Fe_3O_4-[(ZnL_2)(H_2O)_2]_2H_2[P_2Mo_5O_(23)]·2H_2O纳米复合粒子能有效吸附有色染料次甲基蓝,该纳米复合粒子在吸附,磁学和生物医学方面都具有潜在应用.     

Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜降解有机染料亚甲基蓝

合成Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜.采用XRD、TEM和磁力线等多种方法对Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜的结构和性能进行表征,并研究Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜对亚甲基蓝的降解作用.结果表明：当溶液中H2SO4加量为25.8mol/L、H2O2加量为2.4mol/L时,用5g/L的复合纤维素膜对1.4×10-5 mol/L的亚甲基蓝溶液进行降解,25min内降解率达到100%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.