6H-SiC表面热氧化SiO2的正电子谱研究

本文将慢正电子湮灭多普勒展宽谱技术,应用于对SiC表面热氧化生长的SiO2特性的研究。S参数和W参数在退火前后的变化,直观的反映出SiO2/SiC表面氧化层中空位型缺陷浓度的改变。通过与SiO2/Si样品的对比,证实C元素及其诱生空位型缺陷的存在,很可能是影响SiO2/SiC氧化层质量和SiC MOS击穿特性的重要因素,后退火工艺可以提高SiO2/SiC中氧化层的致密性。实验表明,慢正电子湮灭多普勒展宽谱是研究热氧化SiO2特性的有效手段。     

6H-SiC表面热氧化SiO2的正电子谱研究

本文将慢正电子湮灭多普勒展宽谱技术,应用于对SiC表面热氧化生长的SiO2特性的研究．S参数和W参数在退火前后的变化,直观的反映出SiO2/SiC表面氧化层中空位型缺陷浓度的改变．通过与SiO2/Si样品的对比,证实C元素及其诱生空位型缺陷的存在,很可能是影响SiO2/SiC氧化层质量和SiC MOS击穿特性的重要因素,后退火工艺可以提高SiO2/SiC中氧化层的致密性．实验表明,慢正电子湮灭多普勒展宽谱是研究热氧化SiO2特性的有效手段     

快速热退火对a-Si:H/SiO2多层膜光致发光的影响

采用在等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PFCVD)系统中沉积a-Si：H和原位等离子体逐层氧化的方法制备a-Si：H／SO2多层膜．用快速热退火对a-Si：H／SiO2多层膜进行处理，制备nc—Si/SiO2多层膜，研究了这种方法对a-Si：H／SiO2多层膜发光特性的影响．研究发现对a-Si：H／SiO2多层膜作快速热退火处理，可获得位于绿光和红光两个波段的发光峰．研究了不同退火条件下发光峰的变化．通过对样品的TEM、Raman散射谱和红外吸收谱的分析，探讨了a-Si：H／SiO2多层膜在不同退火温度下的光致发光机理．     

类金刚石碳膜在大气热退火过程中的稳定性

本文对双离子束溅射淀积法制备的类金刚石碳膜进行了大气中的热退火研究。退火温度３００℃，时间分别为１．５ｈ和３．０ｈ。对退火前后的样品分别作了红外透射谱、Ｒａｍａｎ光谱和电阻率的测量，并在退火过程中对膜层电阻率进行了即位测量。结果表明，３００℃的退火并不能使膜层中的Ｃ－Ｈ键断裂，而使膜层结构趋于完整，膜层氧化变薄，其电阻率和红外透过率过率增高；但退火对膜的影响程度只与退火温度有关，而与退火时间无关。     

Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr镁合金表面超疏水SiO2薄膜的制备及其表征

以微弧氧化层(MAO)为预处理过渡层,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为主要原料,采用sol-gel和浸渍-提拉相结合的方法在Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr(NZ30K)镁合金表面获得甲基(-CH3)疏水基团表面修饰的超疏水SiO2薄膜,实现了NZ30K镁合金表面的超疏水改性.同时研究了微弧氧化层的表面特征、sol-gel过程中TEOS/乙醇摩尔比(TEOS/EtOH)和MTES添加量(MTES/TEOS摩尔比)对所制备超疏水SiO2薄膜表面形貌和润湿特性的影响.结果表明:NZ30K镁合金经过微弧氧化处理后,表面呈现的微米-纳米尺度上多孔的粗糙结构,其表面体现为亲水性,但有利于提高超疏水SiO2薄膜与NZ30K基材的结合力;当TEOS/EtOH摩尔比为1/30,MTES/TEOS摩尔比为1/2时,SiO2薄膜表面的静态接触角达到151°,其表面具有超疏水特性;而进一步提高MTES/TEOS摩尔比至1时,其静态接触角有所提高,达到153°.红外光谱(FT-IR)表明NZ30K镁合金表面SiO2薄膜的超疏水特性是由于MTES的引入使得-CH3疏水官能团能够成功地嫁接到SiO2粒子的表面.     

料浆喷涂微晶玻璃涂层的微观组织结构及其抗氧化性能

采用料浆喷涂法在镍合金GH140基体上制备SiO2-BaO-MgO-ZnO微晶玻璃涂层,研究微晶玻璃涂层在高温下的抗恒温氧化性能。通过SEM,EDS和XRD分析GC/GH140晶化处理及1 000℃恒温氧化前后的形貌特征、相组成以及元素分布的变化。研究结果表明:GC/GH140氧化质量增加极小。晶化热处理前,微晶玻璃涂层与GH140基体结合致密,在涂层烧结过程中,基体中的Cr和Ti向涂层界面扩散,形成富Cr和Ti致密氧化膜,并在基体中形成了一层很薄的氧化物不连续分布的过渡区域。晶化热处理2 h后,涂层中析出主要成分为白色柱状BaSi4O9和黑色SiO2颗粒,氧化膜与过渡层的厚度变化不大。随恒温氧化时间延长,涂层的相组成保持不变,黑色SiO2相含量迅速增加,过渡层厚度缓慢增加;氧化96 h后,涂层与基体仍然结合良好,表面也十分致密,有效阻碍了氧的扩散,大幅度提高了基体的抗氧化能力。     

添加剂对AZ31B镁合金氧化膜性能的影响

在由NaOH、H3BO3、Na2B4O10组成的电解液中,研究了不同添加剂Na2SiO3和NaAlO2对AZ31B镁合金阳极氧化膜性能的影响.通过电压-时间曲线、Cass盐雾试验、SEM和动电位极化曲线等方法检测和观察阳极氧化膜性能和表面形貌.结果表明:两种阳极氧化膜表面均为多孔结构,电解液中添加Na2SiO3获得的氧化膜表面微孔分布均匀,孔径更小;与AZ31镁合金基体相比,其耐蚀性均有不同程度的提高,Na2SiO3添加后膜层的耐蚀性优于NaAlO2.     

多孔SiO2表面水合技术研究

通过化学方法,微波照射以及空气等离子体处理多孔SiO2表面进行了激活,再将激活了的SiO2进行表面水合,用红外,热分析等测试方法研究了SiO2的表面羟基含量及经过微波,等离子体处理后表面羟基含量的变化以及亲和水能力的变化,结果表明,微波和等离子体对硅胶有激活作用,使多孔硅胶表面水合进行得更彻底,让硅胶表面有更多的极性基团羟基。     

对天然鳞片石墨及椰壳活性炭进行液相氧化的初步研究

以天然鳞片石墨和椰壳活性炭为原料，在Hummers法基础上制备了氧化石墨和氧化活性炭，研究了液相天然鳞片石墨和椰壳活性炭氧化前后的结构与性能的变化．结果表明：液相氧化过程中存在表面氧化和层间氧化两种氧化反应机制，石墨质材料既有表面氧化也有层间氧化，而炭质材料则以表面氧化为主．表面氧化的结果使氧化石墨和氧化活性炭中均含有大量极性基团，这些基团的存在使它们表现出较强的极性和一定的化学活性．层间氧化使氧化石墨的层间距由原石墨的0．3354nm增加到0．8981nm，石墨片层之间的基团及H2O分子的存在是层间距增大的主要原因．在稀的碱性溶液中，氧化石墨层离后为针状或扁球状纳米颗粒，颗粒之间存在一定的团聚，而氧化活性炭为球状纳米颗粒，团聚后呈直链状．     

硅源加入方式对Fe3O4/SiO2核壳结构制备的影响及磁性能研究

表面包覆惰性层是解决四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)粒子团聚、易氧化、亲水性差等问题的一种有效方法,但惰性层的引入一般会导致包覆后样品磁性能下降,从而限制了Fe3O4的应用.以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和氨水为原料,制备了具有良好磁响应性的Fe3O4/SiO2核壳结构.样品的结构、形貌、尺寸和表面吸附官能团采用X-ray粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和红外光谱(FTIR)等测试手段进行了表征.研究发现,TEOS加入方式影响SiO2层生长过程,从而影响包覆的均匀程度.Fe3O4/SiO2核壳结构表现出顺磁性和良好的磁响应性(52emu/g).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the