一类整数距离图的点荫度

整数距离图以全体整数作为顶点集，顶点u、υ相邻当且仅当｜u-υ｜∈D，其中D是一个正整数集．对于m〉3，令Dm=[1,m]／[1,3]．本研究得到了G（Dm）的点荫度．     

整数距离图G(Dm,2)的点线性荫度

整数距离图G(D)以全体整数为顶点集，顶点u，v相邻当且仅当|u-t|∈D，其中D是一个正整数集．对于m≥11，设Dm．2={1，2，…，m}＼{2}，得到了G(Dm，2)的点线性荫度的上界和下界并决定出了它在某些特殊的m上的确切值．     

整数距离图G(D_(m,30)的点荫度

整数距离图G(D)以全体整数为顶点集,顶点u,v相邻当且仅当|u-v|∈D,其中D是一个正整数集.对于m>3,设Dm,3={1,2,…m}\{3},得到了G(Dm,3)的点荫度的上界和下界并决定出了它在某些m上的确切值.     

整数距离图G(Dm,3)的点荫度

整数距离图G（D）以全体整数为顶点集,顶点u,v相邻当且仅当｜u—v｜∈D,其中D是一个正整数集．对于m〉3,设Dm,3={1,2,…m}＼{3},得到了G（Dm,3）的点荫度的上界和下界并决定出了它在某些m上的确切值．     

整数距离图G(Dm,k,3)(k≥3)的点荫度

整数距离图G(D)以全体整数为顶点集,顶点u,v相邻当且仅当|u-v|∈D,其中D是一个正整数集。对于m≥4k,k≥3,设Dm,k,3={1,2,…,m}＼{k,2k,3k},得到了G(Dm,k,3)的点荫度的上界和下界并决定了它在某些m上的确切值。     

关于距离图着色问题的一点结果

整数距离图是这样一类图G(Z,D),其中V(G)=Z,两点u,v之间有一条边相连,当且仅当|u-v|∈D,这里D∈ N.本文确定了|D|≥4时某些距离图G(Z,D)的点色数χ(G),解决了|D|=3时某些距离图G(Z,D)的star extremal问题.     

外平面图的平方图的点荫度

图G的平方图G2是以V(G)作为它的点集，两个点在G2中相邻当且仅当它们在G中的距离至多为2.证明了：若G是一个最大度Δ6的外平面图,则G2的点荫度va(G2)=「Δ+12?;特别地，一棵树T的平方图T2的点荫度va(T2)=「Δ+12?.     

关于 Randic 指数及图的直径

设图G=(V , E)是简单图,其中V是顶点集,E是边集.对G中任意顶点v∈V, dv表示点v的度数.图G的Randic指数也称为图G的连通性指数,定义为R=R(G)=∑uv∈E(1)/(dndv).关于连通图的Randic指数R与直径D有如下猜想:R-D≥2-(n+1)/(2)且(R)/(D)≥(1)/(2)+(2-1)/(n-1),两个等式都成立当且仅当G≌Pn.本文将简化该猜想,并进一步证明当D≤(2(n-1)(3)/(2))/(n-3+2 2)或D≤n-3时,猜想成立     

外部平面图的平方图的染色

图G的平方图，记作G^2，是一个以原图的顶点集为顶点集，若原图中两点的距离不大于2则连以边所成的图．本文确定了圈的平方图的色数．对于外部平面图，得到以下结论：设G是一个最大度为△(G)的简单连通外部平面图，G≠C5．则x(G^2)≤△(G) 2．     

一类环的单位图的控制数

对于一个具有单位元的环R,R的单位图记为G(R).它的顶点是R中的元素,两个不同的顶点x和y相连当且仅当x+y是环R的单位.设G是一个图,V是G的顶点集,D是V的一个子集,若对于V\D的任一点,都存在D中至少一点与之相连,则称D是G的一个控制集,含有顶点数最少的控制集称为图G的一个γ-集,所含的顶点个数称为G的控制数.该文主要研究一类有限环的单位图的控制数,完全确定了当有限交换环R的直和分解恰好是3项时,环R的单位图的控制数.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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