单分散型高分子微球的合成技术及进展

粒度均匀的单分散型高分子微球，具有非常广泛的应用，近年来引起了人们极大的关注。制备单分散型高分子微球可用乳液聚合法和无皂乳液聚合法，但二者在合成技术上有很大区别，因此对二种方法的聚合规律、影响聚合反应速度及影响粒径分布的主要因素以及合成技术的进展进行了全面详细地分析和阐述，以便更加广泛深入地研究和探讨单分散型高分子微球的合成技术，获得粒径分子窄的高分子微球。     

表面图案化PNIPAM/SiO2复合微球的制备和表征

采用反相悬浮聚合法合成了聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺（PNIPAM）高分子微凝胶,以PNIPAM为微反应器,利用四乙氧基正硅烷在氨水介质中的溶胶-凝胶反应,制得了具有表面图案化的核-壳型微米级PNIPAM/SiO2复合微球.并利用扫描电镜、红外光谱仪和热重分析等手段对复合微球进行了形貌和组分表征.     

沉淀聚合法制备的单分散聚苯乙烯微球的色谱性能

以二乙烯基苯(DVB—55)为聚合单体,在乙腈溶剂中采用沉淀聚合法制备了交联高分子微球[P(DVB)]。以红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对微球进行了表征,结果表明制备的粒径单分散微球表面无孔,数均粒径为4.24μm。以两组常见芳香烃为探针,采用反相液相色谱模式考察了微球的色谱性能。色谱结果表明沉淀聚合法制备的交联高分子微球用作固定相具有较高的柱效和较好的峰形,展示了沉淀聚合法制备的高分子微球在HPLC固定相方面具有较好的应用前景。     

微波连续合成无皂均分散高分子微球

报道了制备均分散高分子微球的一种简捷快速,低能耗且无环境污染的聚合方法－无皂微波连续合成法,使工业化生产的均分散高分子微球成为可能。本实验中分别制备了聚苯乙 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯两种均分散高分子微球,用动态光散射和电子显微镜等仪器对粒子进行了表征,对影响高分子微球体积的因素进行了分析,还对成核机理进行了初步的讨论。     

单分散树脂孔径分布影响因素及其凝胶渗透色谱性能的研究

探讨了以一步种子溶胀聚合法合成单分散交联聚甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯微球(P GMA/EDMA)的成孔机理，首次详细研究了交联度、小分子致孔剂、高分子致孔剂等因素对P GMA／EDMA微球孔径分布的影响，利用凝胶渗透色谱表征了其孔结构及分布，将优化合成的孔径分布范围较宽的P GMA/EDMA微球用于分离5种标准聚苯乙烯样品，均取得了较好的效果．     

气相原位反应制备表面负载纳米银PAM复合微球

采用反相悬浮聚合法合成了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)高分子微凝胶,以PAM微凝胶为微反应器,通过气相原位还原,利用甲醛与银氨溶液的银镜反应,制得了表面担载银纳米粒子的微米级Ag/PAM复合微球.利用SEM、XRD和TGA等手段对复合微球进行了形貌和组分表征.结果表明:该复合微球具有规则的表面图案化形貌和核-壳结构,并具有内亲水外疏水的特性,银纳米粒子担载量大约为8.52%.     

金属离子铸型高分子微球的合成及吸附性能

采用无皂乳液聚合和表面然型聚合二步法,合成了Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）金属离子铸型高分子微球其表面分布羧基,粒径为０．５６－０．６０μｍ,具有良好的单分散性。采用静态吸附法考察了该微球对Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）金属离子的吸附动力学和热力学性能。     

甲硝唑高分子载体药物及纳米微球的合成与表征

将常用的硝基咪唑类的抗阿米巴药物甲硝唑制成可聚合的含药单体,进而利用自聚、共聚和乳液聚合,合成了一系列含甲硝唑高分子药物及高分子药物纳米微球,并用1H-NMR,IR,GPC和TEM等检测手段对产物进行了表征.     

分散共聚体系中高分子纳米颗粒的合成与反应机理

用自由基聚合及端基反应法合成了苯乙烯基封端的聚N 异丙基丙烯酰胺和聚乙二醇大分子单体 .核磁共振分析表明 ,基本上每一个大分子单体末端有一个双键 .将大分子单体与苯乙烯进行分散共聚反应 ,一步法制备得到了表面具有接枝链的高分子纳米级颗粒 .研究结果表明 :大分子单体浓度、苯乙烯单体浓度、引发剂浓度、大分子单体末端官能团种类和反应温度等因素对形成微球的直径有明显的影响 ,高分子微球的直径和形态可通过改变上述反应条件加以控制 .通过实验数据计算得出了高分子微球直径与各种反应因素间的定量关系式 ,对不同体系的成核机理进行了比较 ,得到的结果对其它相似共聚反应体系有一定的指导意义 .     

高吸附率的高分子微球合成及表征

采用无皂乳液聚合和表面铸型聚合二步法,合成了对Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）离子具有较高吸附率的高分子微球。考察了Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）离子浓度对微球形态的影响,羟基单体对微球大小的影响,并采用ＦＴ－ＩＲ,ＳＥＭ和元素分析对微球进行表征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that