碾压混凝土重力坝温度场与温度徐变应力仿真分析

结合百色碾压混凝土坝的工程实际情况，采用三维有限元浮动网格法对该坝施工期和运行期温度场、温度徐变应力进行了仿真计算。计算中考虑了混凝土热力学参数随龄期变化、坝体分层浇筑过程及自重、水压力对温度应力的影响。仿真结果给出了温度场、温度应力分布及其随时间变化规律，为碾压混凝土重力坝的设计和施工中的温控提供了参考依据。     

多场耦合下大体积混凝土初次蓄水的温度应力问题研究

在大体积混凝土坝初次蓄水时,温度较低的库水必然会对坝体温度场产生较明显的影响,从而影响坝体的变形,甚至产生温度裂缝.为分析大体积混凝土初次蓄水的温度应力,本文将混凝土类多孔介质视为连续介质,综合运用水力学、热学和固体力学等基本理论,根据动量守恒、质量守恒和能量守恒方程建立了以位移、孔隙水压力、孔隙气压力、温度和孔隙率为未知量的多场耦合数学模型,在此基础上编制了有限元计算程序,并对大体积碾压混凝土块的渗流场、温度场和应力场进行了耦合分析,结果表明,考虑耦合后块体温降幅度及温度大主应力均较不考虑耦合条件下大.     

考虑昼夜温差的碾压混凝土坝温度场仿真分析

采用碾压混凝土坝温度场和温度应力仿真计算程序RCTS,针对某碾压混凝土重力坝的结构设计和布置特点,严格模拟碾压混凝土实际浇筑过程,对施工期不考虑昼夜温差、考虑不同的昼夜温差、坝体表面保温等情况进行温度仿真计算,并且将仿真计算结果进行了比较分析.结果表明,施工期昼夜温差对碾压混凝土表面,特别是施工期长间歇面温度影响比较大,考虑昼夜温差的计算结果更加符合实际边界条件,不考虑昼夜温差的计算结果是偏于不安全的.     

高碾压混凝土坝温度应力研究

根据碾压混凝土坝薄层浇筑、快速施工的特点，用三维有限元浮动网格法计算程序，对高碾压混凝土坝温度场和温度应力进行了仿真计算；揭示了不同横缝间距的坝体施工期温度场、温度应力和坝体最大温降应力的变化规律。该项研究对碾压混凝土坝设计具有参考价值。     

兰溪桥重力坝加高后关键部位的应力特性

重力坝加高后会带来坝踵应力恶化、新老坝体结合面开裂及新混凝土表面裂缝等问题.针对兰溪桥重力坝加高工程自身特点,运用三维有限元方法,对加高后的温度、应力进行了精细化仿真计算分析.计算结果表明,加高后坝踵应力并未恶化;水库蓄水时,在坝体上游面短期内会产生较大拉应力;新老坝体结合面应力主要是法向正应力和沿坝坡方向的切应力;新浇坝体在采取适当温控措施后可以满足防裂要求.综合各方面考虑,兰溪桥重力坝常态混凝土加高方案是可行的.     

整体式碾压混凝土重力坝预裂缝的效应与分析

为防止温度裂缝，在整体式碾压混凝土重力坝中预设裂缝，采用空间有限元法计算具有预裂缝的整体式碾压混凝土重力坝的应力和位移，分析预裂缝对坝体应力和位移场的影响，在有限元计算中考虑碾压混凝土薄弱面的影响.将坝体材料作为正交各向异性材料，采用相当弹性模量，对预裂缝问题提出合理建议。     

考虑温度影响的大体积混凝土应力场分析方法

在大体积混凝土应力场计算中,混凝土的弹性模量和徐变变形都与温度有关,温度场应力场存在耦合现象.根据温度损伤和温度对徐变的影响,建立了考虑温度影响的混凝土弹性模量表达式和徐变应变计算的递推公式.应用粘弹性与损伤耦合和正交各向异性损伤理论,描述了混凝土在高应力水平下的非线性徐变特性和由于微裂缝扩展引起的刚度退化与应变软化,建立了考虑温度影响的大体积混凝土结构应力场分析的有限元表达式.将这一结果应用于沙牌拱坝应力场计算中,考虑温度影响后,发现坝体局部应力可能出现恶化,对开裂控制不利.     

堆石混凝土高拱坝施工期温度应力仿真分析

为研究堆石混凝土高拱坝施工期温度场和应力场的分布特点,并探究堆石混凝土在高拱坝上的适用性,本文运用数值仿真及顺序耦合法,综合考虑堆石混凝土弹模变化、堆石混凝土入仓温度、环境气候变化等因素,对不同温控措施的堆石混凝土高拱坝进行施工期全过程仿真计算。对比分析不同温控措施下高拱坝施工期的温度场和应力场,结果表明：不同温控工况下,坝体温度场和应力场的分布规律基本一致,施工期温度应力与混凝土入仓温度相关,运行期坝体应力随环境气温变化;应力线性化后最大拉应力分别为1.68 MPa、1.60 MPa、1.48 MPa。因此,堆石混凝土运用于高拱坝时,在分缝浇筑的情况下,仅需采取简单温控措施即可满足温度防裂要求。     

含灌浆横缝碾压混凝土拱坝仿真应力和双轴强度判别

由于施工过程逐层浇注混凝土，自重和温度荷载同时加载，都存在徐变效应。作者提 供了累计温度和自重的徐变应力计算方法和程序，结合碾压混凝土（ＲＣＣ）拱坝工程提供了施工 期仿真应力特点。用简化弹性应力计算施工末期坝体温度下降到运行期坝体稳定变温场受河 床及两岸基础和自身相对变形的约束应力，并和水压应力叠加取得运行期碾压混凝土拱坝仿 真应力，施工期和运行期仿真应力形成最终组合应力。文中提供的混凝土双轴强度判别为应用 仿真应力进行设计提供了条件，仿真计算为碾压混凝土拱坝设计和工程实践提供了可靠依据。     

混凝土坝极端暴雨作用响应研究

近年来,各地极端天气频发,导致水库水位暴涨,水库水温变化,而水库水温的变化会产生温度应力,水位导致坝体水压增大.通过应力仿真手段对极端天气情况下的大坝受力进行计算,分析其温度场和应力场,并将其与正常情况下坝体受力进行对比分析.结果表明,坝体暴雨之后,混凝土坝体压应力和拉应力均增大,但不超出坝体混凝土材料的允许值,该结果可为极端天气下水库的运行和调度提供理论依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that