α相与β相比例对TC6钛合金力学性能的影响

 通过热处理方法获得TC6钛合金3种典型组织,利用电液伺服材料试验机测定3种组织的静态力学性能,通过专用图形分析软件测定3种组织中α相与β相比例,对比分析了α相与β相比例对TC6钛合金静态力学性能的影响.结果表明:组织中α相比例增大(即β相比例减少)时,相应组织塑性也增大,而强度随着α相比例增大(即β相比例减少)而减小.     

冻藏对面筋蛋白二级结构的影响

采用圆二色谱法表征了不同冻藏模式和冻藏时间对小麦面筋蛋白二级结构的影响.结果表明:在SDS溶液中,未经冻藏的面筋蛋白二级结构主要由β折叠和无规则卷曲组成;当冻藏时间小于60天时,两种冻藏模式对小麦面筋蛋白的二级结构影响不大;恒温冻藏模式中面筋蛋白二级结构在冻藏90天时变化最显著,易溶部分中α螺旋转化为β折叠和β转角,难溶部分中β折叠和β转角转化为α螺旋和无规则卷曲;冻融冻藏模式中面筋蛋白二级结构在冻藏60天时变化最显著,易溶部分中α螺旋转化为β折叠和无规则卷曲,难溶部分中β折叠和β转角转化为α螺旋和无规则卷曲.这说明,在恒温冻藏模式下,只有当冻藏时间达到或超过90天的时候,才对面筋蛋白的二级结构产生影响,而在冻融模式下,冻藏时间仅为60天时便可对面筋蛋白的二级结构产生影响.     

Deformation mechanism of fine structure and its quantitative relationship with quasi-static mechanical properties in near β-type Ti-4.5Mo-5.1Al-1.8Zr-1.1Sn-2.5Cr −2.9Zn alloy

The deformation mechanism of the fine structure composed of primary α phase (α_p) and acicular secondary α phase (α_s) on quasi-static mechanical properties is still not very clear. The main controversy is focused on the role of α_p in the mechanical behavior. In this paper, the microstructure of the heat-treated near β-type Ti-4.5Mo-5.1Al-1.8Zr-1.1Sn-2.5Cr-2.9Zn alloy after tensile tests was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). And the results showed that in the slight deformation region the dislocations were accumulated at the intersection of α_p and β matrix separated by α_s, while only a few dislocations nucleated in β matrix. In the severe deformation region, a large quantity of dislocations in both α_p and β matrix were observed. It can be inferred that α_p deformed firstly and then activated the deformation of β matrix, that is, the thickness of α_p and the inter-particle spacing of α_s played a dominant role in the deformation process. The quantitative relationship between the yield strength and the microstructure parameters is consistent with this inference. By adjusting the solution treatment parameters and the subsequent aging treatment, three fine structures were obtained, and the corresponding mechanical properties were determined. Furthermore, the yield strength can be described by the mathematical model σ_y ​= ​756.4 ​+ ​135.6/h_p^1/2 +32.2/d_s^1/2, where h_p and d_s are the thickness of α_p and the inter-particle spacing of α_s, respectively.     

High-cycle fatigue crack initiation and propagation in laser melting deposited TC18 titanium alloy

This article examines fatigue crack nucleation and propagation in laser deposited TC18 titanium alloy. The Widmanst?tten structure was obtained by double-annealing treatment. High-cycle fatigue (HCF) tests were conducted at room temperature with the stress ratio of 0.1 and the notch concentration factor K_t = 1. Fatigue cracks initiated preferentially at micropores, which had great effect on the HCF properties. The effect decreased with the decrease of pore size and the increase of distance from the pore location to the specimen surface. The crack initiation region was characterized by the cleavage facets of α lamella and the tearing of β matrix. The soft α precipitated-free zone formed along grain boundaries accelerated the crack propagation. Subsurface observation indicated that the crack preferred to propagate along the grain boundary α or border of α lamella or vertical to α lamella.     

Microstructural evolution in the surface of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy by solution treatments

By solution treatments in vacuum and in air,the surface region of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al exhibits different microstructures from the interior region of the alloy.When solution treated in vacuum,the microstructure of the specimen is composed of dominant β phase and a few of α " martensite in surface region,with a large amount of α" martensite and a little of β phase in interior.When solution treated in air,the specimen is characterized by dominant surficial a phase and interior β phase.In addition,the lattice parameter evolutions of a and β phases were observed in the surface region of the specimens by solution treatment in air.The mechanism for the surface effects is discussed in light of the structural stability and phase evolution in Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with solution treatments.     

α-(2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙酰基吡咯基)萘的合成和晶体结构

 在酸性介质中,3,4-二乙酰基-2,5-己二酮与萘胺作用,合成得到了α-(2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙酰基吡咯基)萘,用IR,1H-NMR,MS,HRMS对其进行了表征,并用X射线衍射测定了α-(2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙酰基吡咯基)萘的晶体结构.该晶体属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶体学数据为:a是0.8045(1)nm,b是1.0018(1)nm,c是2.0757(2)nm,α是80.09(1)°,β是82.66(1)°,γ是83.81(1)°,V是1.6281(3)nm³,Z是4,M_r是305.36,D_c是1.246×10³kg/m³,μ(M_oK_α)是0.080mm^-1,F(000)是648,在I>2σ(I)的独立可观测衍射点为3669个,最终偏差因子R是0.0406,W_R是0.0962.     

Modeling of static coarsening of two-phase titanium alloy in the α+β two-phase region at different temperature by a cellular automata method

A cellular automata (CA) method was employed to model static coarsening controlled by diffusion along grain boundaries at 1173K and through the bulk at 1213 and 1243K for a two-phase titanium alloy. In the CA model, the coarsening rate was inversely proportional to the 3rd power of the average grain radius for coarsening controlled by diffusion along grain boundaries, and inversely proportional to the 2nd power of the average grain radius for coarsening controlled by diffusion through the bulk. The CA model was used to predict the morphological evolution, average grain size, topological characteristics, and the coarsening kinetics of the Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V (TA15) alloy during static coarsening. The predicted results were found to be in good agreement with the corresponding experimental results. In addition, the effects of the volume fraction of the phase (Vf ) and the initial grain size on the coarsening were discussed. It was found that the predicted coarsening kinetic constant increased with Vf and that a larger initial grain size led to slower coarsening.     

六阶边值问题的上下解方法

对六阶边值问题u(6)(x)= (x,u(x),u"(x),u(4)(x)),0相似文献   

Synthesis and characterization of a three-ring bent-core compound

To investigate the vacuum-deposited films of the banana-shaped mesogens, we prepared a three-ring bent-core （that is, banana-shaped） compound m-bis（4-p-octoxysryrenyl）benzene （m-OSB） and used it as a prototype for studying the related film physics. Herein the synthesis and the structural characterization of m-OSB are reported.^13C and ^1H NMR spectra and ^1R spectrum confirm that m-OSB has a symmetric and all-trans conformation. The results of differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and X-ray diffractometry indicate that no liquid crystalline phase but two crystalline phases are present in this material： phase Ⅰ （T〈66℃） and phase Ⅱ （66~C〈T〈157℃）; an isotropic state is observed at above 157℃. Combining the X-ray diffraction and the electronic diffraction, we assign the room-temperature crystalline phase I to orthorhombie system and P212121 space group with cell parameters of a = 7.43A°. b=6.34A°, c=72.07A°, and α=β=γ=90°. Molecular modeling reveals that the molecules in the unit cell adopt a layered structure with an antiferro-eleetrie alignment. The structure of phase Ⅱ is very similar to that of phase Ⅰ. Nonlinear optical measurement shows that m-OSB is active for the second harmonic generation （SHG）. Such characterization of the bulk material is necessary for the understanding of the growth and microstructures in the films.     

对称5,5′-二苯亚胺基二吡咯甲烷化合物及其Ni(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与晶体结构

从二吡咯甲烷出发,合成2种对称5,5′-二亚胺苯基二吡咯甲烷化合物配体(H2L1,H2L2),利用该配体与NiCl2·6H2O反应,分别得到2种新的配合物(NiL1,NiL2).X线单晶衍射结果表明,镍配合物NiL1和NiL2均属于单斜晶系、P2(1)/c空间群.NiL1的晶胞参数为a=0.865 61(18)nm,b=1.050 70(2)nm,c=2.758 2(5)nm,α=γ=90°,β=94.799(4)°,V=2.499 7(9)nm3,Z=4;NiL2的晶胞参数为a=1.615 43(5)nm,b=1.182 23(4)nm,c=1.407 15(5)nm,α=γ=90°,β=112.319 0(10)°,V=2.486 06(14)nm3,Z=4.在晶体结构中,Ni(II)离子分别与配体中的2个吡咯N以及2个亚胺N原子配位,形成平面四边形构型模式,其通过π…π及C—H…π作用形成二维结构.     

Correlation of morphological anisotropy and Lankford value of deep drawing sheets hot-rolled by compact strip production

Cold-rolled steel sheets in automotive applications require an excellent deep draw ability, which is characterized by the Lankford value (r-value). In this study, a correlation was identified between r-value and pancake-shaped grain flatness which is indicated as the ratio of grain diameter in the rolling direction (RD) and normal direction (ND) of sheets (d_r/d_n). A mathematical model (r=e0.345(d_n-1/2-d_r-1/2)) was developed to calculate r-value by the microstructure of steel sheets hot-rolled by compact strip production (CSP). It is shown that the r-value is higher, if the microstructure of steel sheet is of pancake-shaped grains elongated in the rolling direction. The calculated r-value is confirmed to fit exactly to the measured one from the large-scale production.     

Influence of hot-rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a near β-type Ti-5.2Mo-4.8Al-2.5Zr-1.7Cr alloy

In this work, the 90° clock rolling and the uni-directionally rolling processes at high temperature were carried out on the near β-type Ti-5.2Mo-4.8Al-2.5Zr-1.7Cr titanium alloy cutting from an ingot, respectively. The corresponding microstructures were quantitatively characterized, and its effect on the dynamic mechanical properties and fracture mechanism were emphatically investigated. It was found that after 90° clock rolling, the microstructure composed of equiaxed primary α phase(α_p) with an average size of about 2 ?μm and the β transformed regions containing the acicular secondary α phase(α_s) with an average thickness of about 50 ?nm and the separated β phase was obtained. However, in the uni-directionally rolled titanium alloy, no acicular α_s was observed, and the corresponding microstructure consisted elongated lamellar α phase (average thickness: about 1.3 ?μm), few equiaxed α phase (average grain size: about 300 ?nm) and the inlaid β phase. The microstructural difference of the hot-rolled titanium alloys was closely related to the deformation process. Moreover, a great number of α_p and α_s in the 90° clock rolled titanium alloy effectively enhanced the strength, and the dynamic compressive strength reached to 1730 ?MPa. Furthermore, equiaxed α_p was conducive to the homogeneous deformation, which counteracted the localized deformation caused by acicular α_s to a certain extent and made the 90° clock rolled titanium alloy exhibit an acceptable critical fracture strain of about 10.5%. Moreover, the fracture microstructures showed that the main failure mode of the 90° clock rolled and the uni-directionally rolled titanium alloy were ductile fracture and brittle fracture, respectively.     

A β-type TiNbZr alloy with low modulus and high strength for biomedical applications

The effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on the mechanical properties of a novel β-type Ti–36Nb–5Zr(wt%) alloy has been investigated.The solution treated alloy consists of β and α″ phases and exhibits a two-stage yielding with a low yield stress(around 100 MPa). After cold rolling at a reduction of 87.5% and subsequent annealing treatment at 698 K for 25 min, a fine microstructure with nanosized α precipitates distributed in small β grains as well as high density of dislocations was obtained to achieve a yield strength of 720 MPa and a ultimate tensile strength of 860 MPa. In spite of the formation of α precipitates, the β-stabilizers are not enriched in the parent β matrix due to the short duration and low temperature of the thermal treatment, resulting in a low chemical stability of β phase. The low stability of β phase and the small volume fraction of α precipitates produce a low Young’s modulus of 48 GPa. Such an excellent combination of low elastic modulus and high strength in mechanical properties indicates great potential for biomedical applications.     

Critical Chords of Convex Bodies of Constant Width

In this paper, we show that when Minkowski measure of asymmetry of convex body K of constant width is bigger than α (n-1), K has at least n+1 critical chords, where \(\alpha (n) = \frac{{n + \sqrt {2n(n + 1)} }}{{n + 2}}\).     

莰烯酸酰胺的合成及其晶体结构

以莰烯为原料,经Vilsmeier-Haack反应、氧化反应、酰氯化反应、酰胺化反应,合成了新化合物莰烯酸酰胺,其结构经IR、元素分析、X-射线单晶衍射表征.合成的莰烯酸酰胺属triclinic晶系, P21/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.2200(9) nm, b=0.8036(6) nm, c=1.0654(8) nm,α=90.000°,β=96.981(9)°,γ=90.000°, V=1.0368(13) nm3, Dc =1.161 g·cm?3, Z =1,μ=0.073 mm?1, F (000)=400, S =1.080,最后一致性因子为R1=0.0829, wR2=0.1829.化合物分子通过分子间N—H…O氢键作用相互堆积,形成空间3维结构.     

锻造方式对 Ti--6Al--4V 合金组织及取向分布的影响

在快锻液压机上对 Ti-6Al-4V 合金进行了锻造变形,采用扫描电镜、背散射电子衍射技术以及 X 射线衍射技术研究了不同锻造方式下合金组织及晶粒取向的变化规律。在单向镦拔和换向镦拔两种不同锻造方式下,难变形区、小变形区及大变形区中α相及β相的分布差别不大,组织均匀性基本一致,两种变形方式下锻坯不同区域的应变稍有差别。进一步对不同变形区域形变织构的定量分析可知：在应变较小的边缘区域,变形主要以{0001}基面滑移为主,形成基面织构;在应变较大的内部区域,织构明显转向{112     

一类半线性椭圆方程（组）整体大解的存在性

A．V．Lair,A．W．Wood（2000）和A．V．IJair（2010）的文章‘}1分别介绍了半线性椭圆方程／tu：P（｜x｜）u^α以及方程组Au=p（｜x｜）u^α,△v=q（｜X｜）v^β径向整体大解的存在性,其中P,q是R^n上的非负连续函数,0〈α,β≤1．笔者研究了参数满足条件d,p〈0时半线性椭圆方程／tu=p（｜x｜）u^α及相应方程组径向整体大解存在的充要条件,补充了α／〈0（或α,β〈0）时A．V．Lair,A．W．Wood（2000）和A．V．Lair（2010）的相应结果．     

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells promoted by overexpression of connective tissue growth factor

Objective: Large segmental bone defect repair remains a clinical and scientific challenge with increasing interest focusing on combining gene transfection with tissue engineering techniques. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods: A CTGF-expressing plasmid (pCTGF) was constructed and transfected into MSCs. Then expressions of bone morphogenesis-related genes, proliferation rate, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization were examined to evaluate the osteogenic potential of the CTGF gene-modified MSCs. Results: Overexpression of CTGF was confirmed in pCTGF-MSCs. pCTGF transfection significantly enhanced the proliferation rates of pCTGF-MSCs (P<0.05). CTGF induced a 7.5-fold increase in cell migration over control (P<0.05). pCTGF transfection enhanced the expression of bone matrix proteins, such as bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, and collagen type I in MSCs. The levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of pCTGF-MSCs at the 1st and 2nd weeks were 4.0- and 3.0-fold higher than those of MSCs cultured in OS-medium, significantly higher than those of mock-MSCs and normal control MSCs (P<0.05). Overexpression of CTGF in MSCs enhanced the capability to form mineralized nodules. Conclusion: Overexpression of CTGF could improve the osteogenic differentiation ability of MSCs, and the CTGF gene-modified MSCs are potential as novel cell resources of bone tissue engineering.     

基于含氮羧酸配体/Co2+构筑的2D层状配合物的合成及结构表征

利用水热工艺,选用{4-[3-(吡嗪-2-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]}苯甲酸(缩写为HL)、CoCl2·6H2O和NH4VO3为起始原料,通过调控反应的p H及温度,我们成功地合成了一个新的2D层状配合物[Co(L)2(H2O)2]·3H2O。借助X-射线单晶衍射、元素分析、热重分析和IR光谱等测试手段对该化合物的结构进行了表征。结果表明该化合物属于C2/c空间群,单斜晶系,晶胞参数a=2.6164(5)nm,b=0.8401(5)nm,c=1.4286(5)nm,α=90.000(5)o,β=114.491(5)o,γ=90.000(5)o,V=2.858 (2)nm3,Z=4,R1=0.0424,w R2=0.1227。