灰色神经网络模型在图书采购复本量预测的应用

针对图书采购复本量预测问题,提出了基于灰色神经网络的采购复本量组合预测模型.根据现有文献记载5年来的G类图书的流通率、拒借率和平均复本量数据,运用组合预测方法对G类图书复本量进行了预测,并与多元线性回归模型以及BP神经网络模型比较.结果表明:组合模型预测值的相对误差更小,精度更高.     

高速公路路基沉降预测研究

文章讨论了灰色系统理论在公路路基沉降预测中的应用,并对等间隔的灰色模型GM(1,1)进行了改进,建立了任意时间间隔的非等时序改进灰色模型.通过具体工程实践,给出了两种模型对公路路基沉降量预测结果与实测结果的比较,结果表明非等时序改进灰色模型的预测沉降量与实际沉降量更接近,精度更高,更能满足工程需要.     

耦合详细化学动力学的HCCI发动机工作过程三维数值模拟

将详细化学动力学的HCCI单区模型嵌入三维流体力学程序中，取代传统内燃机三维数值模拟中简化燃烧模型，利用详细化学反应动力学计算三维燃烧过程，建立三维CFD耦合详细化学反应动力学模型.生成了带复杂进气道的实际燃烧系统的贴体计算网格，建立了缸内直喷HCCI燃烧系统进气-喷雾-混合气形成-压缩-燃烧工作过程的模型.为满足模拟整个HCCI发动机物理化学过程（包括进气，压缩，喷雾，燃烧和排放）执行时间的要求，提出了一套能使计算工作量大为减少的详细化学反应动力学与三维CFD耦合的模拟策略，利用试验方法确定计算边界条件，预测了进气-喷雾-燃烧-排放的HCCI发动机工作过程，通过发动机台架试验对比验证了模型的准确性.     

基于多体系统传递矩阵的柴油机配气系统动力学分析

利用多体系统传递矩阵分析柴油机配气系统的动力学特性,推导基于多体系统传递矩阵的动力学模型建模过程,建立了配气系统基于多体系统传递矩阵的单质量和二质量动力学模型.为检验该方法建模的有效性,以某柴油机配气系统为例,将以新方法建立的多体系统传递矩阵模型与多刚体系统动力学模型、GTSUITE建立的多柔体动力学模型进行比较.实验表明,多体系统传递矩阵模型较多刚体系统动力学模型对于气门的升程曲线、丰满系数等参数的计算值误差更小,且求解更简便;较多柔体动力学模型建模更方便、快捷.     

车身疲劳载荷识别与应用

为提高整车载荷识别精度和车身疲劳寿命预测精度,提出应用改进的振动系统传递函数估计算法结合虚拟迭代计算方法,以提高整车输入载荷识别精度和车身疲劳寿命预测精度。首先,应用道路载荷测量车进行整车试验场耐久性强化试验道路载荷信号采集,建立满足工程精度要求的整车刚柔耦合多体动力学模型。在整车振动系统传递函数矩阵识别中,利用改进的估计算法消除输入载荷和响应载荷中随机干扰信号的影响,然后应用整车动力学模型进行输入载荷的虚拟迭代计算,获得比H1估计方法更准确的输入载荷。最后,将虚拟输入载荷导入白车身有限元模型中进行寿命预测计算,并应用整车四通道道路模拟试验进行白车身疲劳寿命试验来验证提出的寿命预测计算的准确性。结果表明,仿真预测结果与试验结果基本一致,说明所应用的改进估计算法和虚拟迭代计算方法可以获得更加准确的整车输入载荷,提高车身疲劳寿命预测的精度。     

船舶柴油机Urea-SCR系统工作过程计算研究

根据船舶柴油机Urea-SCR系统的工作特点,利用计算流体力学耦合化学反应动力学的方法,集成静态混合器模型、离散相模型、组分输运模型以及化学反应模型等主要模型,建立某型船舶柴油机Urea-SCR系统的三维动态数学模型.研究结果表明:本模型可以完成Urea-SCR系统的喷雾过程、混合过程以及化学反应过程等关键参数的一体化预测,进行Urea-SCR系统整个工作过程综合优化设计；高压喷射加静态混合器的组合可以明显提高大型Urea-SCR系统的气液混合均匀度,以利于催化转换效率的提高；该分析方法可以详细描述Urea-SCR系统整个工作过程,模拟结果与实测结果较吻合.     

采购供应链系统订货策略的设计

针对宝钢采购供应链系统中不同物料对应订货策略不同的问题,建立了物料的订购量模型;给出了物料安全库存设定的经验公式,并针对实际应用过程中有些量不能准确找到概率分布的问题,引入灰色模型对物料需求量、消耗量进行预测.通过对采购供应链系统中需求量的预测,给物料设定安全库存,采用不同物料的订购量模型,解决了采购供应链系统中的订货...     

基于系统动力学的通信企业零部件组合采购合同研究

根据通信企业与其供应商的合作关系,定义了三大类普遍的供应合同,它们分别针对不同的安全性和柔性的目的.在此基础上,将这些对单一零部件的采购合同进行组合,形成三个组合合同;运用Vensim软件,建立了供应链环境下采购管理的系统动力学仿真模型,并对模型的运行和模拟结果进行了分析.通过比较,最优组合合同能有效降低采购成本,对未来的不同预测会影响最优合同组合的选择.     

长短期记忆网络预测混沌时间序列

近年来,深度学习技术的快速发展推动了机器学习的广泛应用.其中,储备池计算(Reservoir Computing)方法由于在混沌时间序列预测方面的卓越效果而受到了越来越多的重视,形成了一个新的研究热点.本文以传统的长短期记忆网络(LSTM)和全连接层作为模型的基础,构建了基于循环神经网络的LSTM学习机.在仿真实验中,我们以平均有效预测时间作为度量指标,使用模型对洛伦兹系统的状态变量进行预测,并针对混沌系统特殊的动力学性质,为模型搭配了四项策略来辅助预测.结果表明, LSTM学习机搭配合适的组合策略,其预测能力也能达到与储备池计算相比拟的效果,且模型复杂度更低.因此,储备池计算并没有超越于传统方法的绝对优势,这启发我们通过进一步研究学习机预测时间序列的机制和方法,寻找更加有效的时间序列预测学习机.     

轴对称贮箱内液体大幅晃动的复合等效力学模型

航天工程中普遍使用等效力学模型描述液体晃动动力学,但基于线性理论的传统等效力学模型在大幅晃动中的适用性较差、精度较低.为此本文提出适用于常/低重力环境下液体大幅晃动的复合等效建模方法.以轴对称贮箱为例,提出了大幅晃动下跟随等效重力的液体动平衡位置确定方法,建立了球面摆形式的复合等效力学模型,并推导了等效系统动力学方程.为验证该建模方法有效性和模型准确性,对大幅平动和转动激励下三维圆柱形贮箱和Cassini贮箱内液体的晃动力和力矩、质心位置等进行了计算,并将复合等效力学模型、传统等效力学模型及计算流体动力学软件的计算结果进行了对比分析.结果表明,该复合等效力学模型可对液体大幅晃动的动力学响应进行较为准确的预测.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the