工艺因素对溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2微球粒径的影响

采用Stber溶胶-凝胶法,在碱性体系中水解正硅酸乙酯(TEOS),制备单分散球形SiO2,研究反应时间、温度、加水量、TEOS浓度、氨水浓度对所制备SiO2粒径大小的影响。结果表明,反应时间对SiO2粒径的影响较小,随着反应时间的延长,颗粒粒径有增大趋势;随着反应温度升高以及加水量、氨水浓度和TEOS浓度增大,SiO2的粒径也增大,但持续增加水的用量,SiO2的粒径会出现变小的趋势。溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2最佳的工艺条件为:反应时间为3h,温度为45℃,加水量为17.73mol/L,TEOS浓度为0.195mol/L,氨水浓度为0.821mol/L。     

工艺因素对溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2微球粒径的影响

采用Stober溶胶-凝胶法,在碱性体系中水解正硅酸乙酯(TEOS),制备单分散球形SiO2,研究反应时间、温度、加水量、TEOS浓度、氨水浓度对所制备SiO2粒径大小的影响.结果表明,反应时间对SiO2粒径的影响较小,随着反应时间的延长,颗粒粒径有增大趋势;随着反应温度升高以及加水量、氨水浓度和TEOS浓度增大,SiO2的粒径也增大,但持续增加水的用量,SiO2的粒径会出现变小的趋势.溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2最佳的工艺条件为:反应时间为3h,温度为45℃,加水量为17.73 mol/L,TEOS浓度为0.195 mol/L,氨水浓度为0.821 mol/L.     

高比表面积超细二氧化硅粉体的制备

以水玻璃为原料,乙醇乙酯为潜伏酸试剂,采用溶胶法制备出了高温涧滑脂稠化剂－高比表面积超细SiO2粉体,考察了乙酸乙酯用量和反应温度对成溶胶时间,SiO2粉体BET比表面积及孔体积的影响,并用TEM,BET低温液氮吸附和IR等分析手段对SiO2粉体颗粒进行了表征,结果表明,采用该方法制得的SiO2粉体颗粒近似呈球形,粒径为20－30nm,比表面积均大于400m^2/g,最大比表面积可达503.38m^2/g,较理想的反应条件为乙酸乙酯与水玻璃溶液中所含SiO2的摩尔比为0．8,反应应温度为50℃。     

高比表面积超细二氧化硅粉体的制备

以水玻璃为原料、乙酸乙酯为潜伏酸试剂 ,采用溶胶凝胶法制备出了高温润滑脂稠化剂———高比表面积超细SiO2 粉体。考察了乙酸乙酯用量和反应温度对成溶胶时间、SiO2 粉体BET比表面积及孔体积的影响 ,并用TEM、BET低温液氮吸附和IR等分析手段对SiO2 粉体颗粒进行了表征。结果表明 ,采用该方法制得的SiO2 粉体颗粒近似呈球形 ,粒径为 2 0～ 30nm ,比表面积均大于 40 0m2 /g ,最大比表面积可达 5 0 3 38m2 /g。较理想的反应条件为乙酸乙酯与水玻璃溶液中所含SiO2 的摩尔比为 0 8,反应温度为 5 0℃。     

微乳液法制备纳米二氧化硅

制备 OP-10/正辛醇/环己烷/氨水微乳液.在该微乳液中,由正硅酸乙酯在碱性条件下受控水解反应制备了 SiO2纳米粒子.通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)分别对样品结构及形貌尺寸进行了表征.探讨了水与表面活性剂摩尔比(R)、水与正硅酸乙酯摩尔比(H)对SiO2纳米粒子粒径的影响.结果表明制备的SiO2粒子为无定型球形颗粒,粒径为 80～105nm,SiO2纳米粒子粒径随着R和H的增大而增大.     

溶胶凝胶法制备SiO2/活性炭复合材料及其吸波性能研究

以正硅酸乙酯为硅的前驱体、活性炭为基体,通过溶胶凝胶反应制备SiO2/活性炭复合材料;以XRD,SEM,BET以及电磁参数测定等手段,对SiO2/活性炭复合体的孔隙结构、电阻率、以及电磁参数等性质进行表征.实验结果表明,活性炭与正硅酸乙酯混合后,经过溶胶凝胶反应,SiO2与活性炭形成结构均一的复合物,且溶胶凝胶温度较低时,反应速度较慢,生成的SiO2颗粒较小、分布较均匀.通过改变SiO2的质量分数量,可以改变SiO2/活性炭复合材料的电磁参数,进而影响其对电磁波的吸收性能,当SiO2质量分数为12%时,复合材料有最佳吸波性能.     

核壳结构γ-Fe2O3/SiO2纳米复合材料的合成与分析

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,通过TEOS的水解和缩合制备核壳结构γ-Fe2O3/SiO2的纳米复合材料.利用正交试验与单因素实验,研究了γ-Fe2O3、TEOS、氨水的用量、醇水比、反应时间、反应温度和搅拌速率对纳米复合材料合成的影响,并且对合成产品进行TEM、XRD、DSC、FTIR、粒径分析仪等表征分析.结果发现,对纳米复合材料合成效果影响最大的因素是TEOS的用量,最佳工艺方案为γ-Fe2O3用量为0.06 g、TEOS 0.5 mL、氨水2 mL、醇水体积比为5∶1、反应时间为8h、反应温度为30 ℃、搅拌速率为150r/min;以最佳合成方案合成的核壳结构γ-Fe2O3/SiO2与y-Fe2O3相比,平均粒径减少34.1％,颗粒尺寸分布较为均匀,具有较好的分散性.     

正硅酸乙酯成胶机理及铁氧体纳米复合材料合成机理

在通过溶胶-凝胶法制备CoFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合粉末过程中,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)对制备过程中溶胶和凝胶的形成起着决定性的作用。本文首先研究了正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)的成胶机理,并在此基础上得到了铁氧体纳米复合材料的制备工艺及其合成机理。     

Sol-Gel法二氧化硅溶胶的制备及稳定性研究

以正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,硝酸为催化剂,制备了二氧化硅（SiO2）溶胶。研究了催化剂、水、乙醇的加入量及反应时间、反应温度、干燥控制添加剂对溶胶稳定性的影响。结果表明,在保持其它反应条件不变的情况下,随着n（无水乙醇EtOH）/n（正硅酸乙酯TEOS）的增大,溶胶的凝胶时间变长;随着H2O/TEOS摩尔比的增大,溶胶的凝胶时间先变短后变长,水酯摩尔比Rw=9.6左右时溶胶的凝胶时间最短;pH＆lt;2时,随着Rw的增大,溶胶的凝胶时间变短;反应温度的升高及反应时间的延长,都会促使溶胶的凝胶时间变短;添加剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺可以增加溶胶的稳定性。     

球形二氧化硅微粉的微波辅助制备和表征

以正硅酸乙酯为原料,氨水作催化剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法在醇-水-氨体系中制备了单分散球形SiO2微粉,并采用XRD,SEM,FT-IR和UV-VIS对制备的SiO2微粉进行了表征.结果表明,SiO2微粉为非晶态颗粒,外形为规则的球形,粒度均匀、分散性良好、粒径分布范围窄.SiO2微球的红外图谱在1 126,805和475 cm-1处分别出现Si—O—Si的不对称伸缩振动峰、对称伸缩振动峰和弯曲振动峰,且SiO2微球具有良好的紫外线吸收能力.SiO2微球在形成过程中,氨水浓度影响显著,是正硅酸乙酯水解的控制因素.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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