丙泊酚对致敏豚鼠哮喘潜伏期的显效关系研究

目的:研究丙泊酚对致敏豚鼠哮喘潜伏期过敏性支气管平滑肌痉挛的缓解作用.方法:,采用整体动物药物引喘法观察丙泊酚对致敏豚鼠过敏性哮喘保护作用.结果:0.2mg/kg,0.4mg/kg,0.8mg/kg;1mg/kg剂量下丙泊酚对致敏豚鼠过敏性哮喘有保护作用,均产生显著性差异.结论:丙泊酚对致敏豚鼠离体气管平滑肌有松弛作用...     

固本清肺贴膏对豚鼠过敏性哮喘模型的影响

目的通过建立豚鼠过敏性哮喘模型,观察固本清肺贴膏对豚鼠哮喘模型的平喘、抗炎作用。方法采用腹腔注射10%卵蛋白生理盐水致敏,14d后用1%卵蛋白生理盐水激发3次,建立豚鼠过敏性哮喘模型,观察固本清肺贴膏对哮喘豚鼠的引喘潜伏期及支气管肺泡灌洗液中白细胞总数的影响。结果固本清肺贴膏能延长哮喘豚鼠引喘潜伏期、减少哮喘豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中白细胞总数。结论固本清肺贴膏对豚鼠过敏性哮喘模型具有平喘和抗炎作用。     

定喘颗粒止咳平喘作用研究

摘要: 目的研究定喘颗粒的止咳平喘作用,为其临床应用提供药理学依据。方法采用豚鼠离体气管条法、乙酰 胆碱和磷酸组胺混合液致豚鼠哮喘、二氧化硫引咳小鼠和拘橼酸引咳豚鼠等模型,观察定喘颗粒的止咳平喘作用。 结果定喘颗粒能明显抑制磷酸组胺、乙酰胆碱所致豚鼠离体气管条收缩,显著延长豚鼠哮喘潜伏期以及减少小 鼠和豚鼠的咳嗽次数。结论定喘颗粒具有明显的止咳平喘作用。     

浅议教师负性情绪对大学生素质教育的影响及其自我调控途径

负性情绪是指与社会利益相悖,对行动起抑制或阻碍作用,无助于个性发展的情绪.就高等院校教师的负性情绪来说,如不加以适当的控制和调节,会给学生素质教育工作带来极大的阻碍.本文对高等院校教师负性情绪现状及其产生的原因和反应进行了调查分析,并探讨了教师负性情绪对学生素质教育的消极影响,提出了调控教师负性情绪的意义及有效途径.     

辱虐管理对反生产行为的影响——负性情绪和自我损耗的链式中介作用

为明晰辱虐管理、负性情绪和自我损耗对反生产行为的作用机理,在文献研究和开放式访谈的基础上,建立四者关系的假设模型。采用辱虐管理量表、负性情绪量表、自我损耗量表和反生产行为量表对395名员工进行调查,通过SPSS和AMOS进行相关分析和中介效应检验验证假设模型。结果表明：辱虐管理、负性情绪和自我损耗三者均与反生产行为呈显著正相关;辱虐管理既直接预测反生产行为,又间接影响反生产行为;间接影响主要通过负性情绪和自我损耗的独立中介作用,以及负性情绪和自我损耗的链式中介作用。     

黄连素对豚鼠小肠平滑肌运动的影响

为了揭示黄连素治疗消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎的药理机制,研究了黄连素对豚鼠小肠平滑肌运动的影响.结果表明:黄连素能够抑制豚鼠小肠平滑肌的蠕动,具有明显的解痉挛作用.     

Quox—1基因同源序列在豚鼠精子形成中的表达

以地高辛标记的Ｑｕｏｘ－１基因ｃＤＮＡ的ｃ３片段为探针，与豚鼠基因组ＤＮＡ作Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交，结果表明，在豚鼠基因组中存在Ｑｕｏｘ－１基因同源序列，以抗ＱＵＯＸ－１蛋白的特异性抗体对成年豚鼠睾丸，附睾和幼年豚鼠睾丸的组织切片进行免疫组织化学分析，发现在豚鼠精子发生中精子细胞分化为精子阶段有类ＱＵＯＸ－１蛋白提示Ｑｕｏｘ－１基因同源序列可能对豚鼠精子发生中的精子形成过程有调控作用。     

自尊对抑郁情绪的影响:一个有调节的中介模型

采取方便取样,并使用Rosenberg自尊量表(SES)、流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)、负性自动思维量表(ATQ)以及内隐自尊联想测验对所选取的160名大学生进行测试。结果显示:负性自动思维在外显自尊与抑郁的关系中起完全中介作用;内隐自尊对负性自动思维的中介作用具有调节效应,内隐自尊调节了中介过程的后半路径;使用PROCESS程序进行事后检验,无论在高内隐自尊的情况下(得分高于一个标准差)还是在低内隐自尊的情况下(得分低于一个标准差)负性自动思维的中介作用都显著,即有调节的中介模型成立。结论:负性自动思维对抑郁的影响随内隐自尊的增加而增强,外显自尊对抑郁情绪的影响是有调节的中介效应。     

川芎嗪、丹参对豚鼠输尿管电位的影响

本工作研究了几种不同浓度的川芎嗪、丹参对豚鼠输尿管电位的影响。用0.5mg/ml、1.0mg/ml、2.0mg/ml、4.0mg/ml的川芎嗪静脉注入均对豚鼠的输尿管电位有抑制作用,其中2.0mg/ml。4.0mg/ml的影响较明显。用1:80、1:20、1:10的丹参注射液静脉注入对豚鼠的输尿管电位也同样有抑制作用。 这些结果表明,丹参具扩张小动脉的作用,川芎嗪、丹参对输尿管平滑肌起ca~(2+)拮抗剂作用。     

温肺宁嗽颗粒剂对豚鼠及小鼠的止咳痰作用观察

用温肺宁嗽颗粒剂对豚鼠及小鼠进行止咳祛痰作用观察,结果表明,温肺宁嗽颗粒剂具有明显的止咳祛痰作用。     

刺五加对清除氧自由基的作用

氧自由基是机体正常代谢的中间产物。心肌细胞缺血损伤时,可产生大量的氧自由基。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)是氧自由基的清除剂。本文通过测定SOD活性,发现豚鼠于静滴哇巴因中毒出现室早时,SOD活性有明显降低。给予静注刺五加后,SOD活性迅速提高,与对照组比较,有非常显著的差异(P<0.01)。     

Macrocortin: a polypeptide causing the anti-phospholipase effect of glucocorticoids

Anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids inhibit prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis by preventing arachidonic acid release from phospholipids rather than inhibiting the cyclooxygenase. As in other cells, this steroid action depends on receptor occupation and de novo protein/RNA biosynthesis. We have previously shown in guinea pig perfused lungs and rat peritoneal leukocytes that the effect of steroids in PG generation is mediated by an uncharacterized 'second messenger'. Now, we report that this factor (which we have named 'macrocortin') is an intracellular polypeptide whose release and synthesis are stimulated by steroids. Macrocortin derived from rat peritoneal leukocytes is very similar to that released from guinea pig lungs.     

4种动物血清总的补体活性比较

方法:豚鼠、人、鸡、小鼠4种动物的新鲜血清分别以全溶血,CH50为标准,在1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15 d测其总的补体活性.结果:总的补体的活性大小为,豚鼠>人>鸡>小鼠.总的补体活性随着时间的延长呈现下降趋势.豚鼠和人的血清在不稀释条件下,7 d内均能全溶血.人与豚鼠的CH50均在5~9 d出现1个下降的对数期.结论:在短时间内,人血清可以代替豚鼠血清.     

C—FOS蛋白在条件免疫反应哮喘动物模型的表达

目的 探讨条件免疫反应哮喘的可能发病相制。方法 利用免疫组织化学技术，研究条件反射刺激诱发支气管哮喘发作后１ｈ时豚鼠的海马结构，Ｃ－ＦＯＳ蛋白的表达情况。结果 条件反射组的诱发组和阳性对照组的动物均有Ｃ－ＦＯＳ表达，而非条件刺激组均无表达。结论 提示在脑内某些机制与条件反射建立有联系。     

Evidence for neurotensin as a non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neurotransmitter in guinea pig ileum

Neurotensin is a 13-amino acid peptide that is widely distributed in central and peripheral tissues of various mammalian species. In peripheral tissues, the highest concentration of neurotensin-like immunoreactivity is found in the ileum, where it is present in endocrine-like cells and nerve fibres. The longitudinal smooth muscle layer of the guinea pig ileum, where neurotensin has both a direct relaxant and an indirect contractile action, has been used extensively as a biological assay system for neurotensin. We report here that the majority of specific 3H-neurotensin binding sites is present in the guinea pig ileum circular smooth muscle layer, which is known to be innervated by a large proportion of the ileal non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves. Neurotensin produces a dose-dependent, tetrodotoxin-resistant relaxation, whereas the relaxation produced by field stimulation of the inhibitory nerves is frequency-dependent and tetrodotoxin-sensitive. The calcium-dependent potassium channel blocker apamin inhibits both the neurotensin- and nerve stimulation-induced muscle relaxation. Incubation of the circular smooth muscle preparation with a neurotensin antiserum substantially inhibited the nerve stimulation-induced relaxation, indicating a direct relationship between the effects of neurotensin and of nerve stimulation.     

雌二醇对缺氧－复氧心肌电机械变化的保护作用

采用同步记录豚鼠右心室乳头肌细胞跨膜电位和收缩力ＦＣ的方法，观察了雌二醇（３．３ｎｇ／ｍＬ）对缺氧－复氧心室肌电机械活动的影响。结果表明，雌二醇使缺氧豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位时程和有效不应期相对延长，收缩力ＦＣ相对增大，并能显著抑制缺氧－复氧引起的迟发后除极和触发激动。说明雌二醇对缺氧－复氧心肌电机械变化具有保护作用。     

Hartley豚鼠SPF级核心种群生长曲线与血液生理生化指标测定

目的 测定SPF级Hartley豚鼠核心群的生长体质量,血液生理、生化指标,并与清洁级豚鼠各指标进行比较。方法 选择种群中雌、雄个体各10只,通过称重,记录0～8周龄体质量;豚鼠采血,应用全自动血细胞计数仪与全自动血液生化分析仪检测各项生理、生化指标。结果 在SPF级豚鼠血液生理指标中,白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)、嗜酸性粒细胞计数(EOS) 3项指标,在雌性与雄性间有显著性差异(P0. 05)外,其他指标均存在极显著差异(P<0. 01)。结论 绘制了SPF级豚鼠生长曲线。SPF级豚鼠血液学指标在性别间有差异,与清洁级豚鼠相比存在显著差异。     

Dihydroouabain is an antagonist of ouabain inotropic action

The Na+, K+-pump controls a wide variety of cellular systems and its inhibition by cardiac glycosides modifies important physiological functions and evokes several pharmacological effects (refs 1, 2 and refs therein). However, not all the actions of cardiac glycosides can be attributed to Na+, K+-pump inhibition and several observations show that, at low doses, cardiac glycosides stimulate the pump. It has been proposed that their positive inotropic effect could be the sum of two processes: the inhibition of the pump and a still unknown additional inotropic mechanism. In guinea pig heart, low doses of ouabain interact with high-affinity binding sites, which differ from the lower-affinity sites responsible for Na+, K+-pump inhibition. It has been suggested that ouabain interaction with these high-affinity sites could be responsible for the additional inotropic mechanism. The existence of two classes of ouabain-binding sites has been documented not only in guinea pig heart, but also in dog, rat and human heart. Dihydroouabain, a derivative of ouabain in which the lactone ring is saturated, is about 50-fold less potent than ouabain as an inhibitor of Na+, K+-pump and does not stimulate the pump at low doses. Its inotropic effect can be entirely accounted for by the inhibition of the pump. We have examined the pharmacological action of ouabain in the presence of dihydroouabain and report here that dihydroouabain reduces ouabain inotropic action but not Na+, K+-pump inhibition.     

对几种动物补体溶血活性的探测

本文对三种廉价易得动物补体(猪、鸭、鸡)进行了溶血活性探测,其中猪补体溶血活性最高、鸭补体其次、鸡补体最低. 把猪补体冰冻干燥浓缩5倍,使之达到豚鼠补体的溶血活性,是取代比较昂贵的豚鼠补体的一种途径.