Spontaneous fusion between cancer cells and endothelial cells

Endothelial cells line the inside of blood and lymphatic vessels, and cancer cells must cross this barrier, first to gain access to the circulation, and, second, to exit and metastasize. How this occurs is incompletely understood. We now demonstrate that human cancer cells are able to fuse with endothelial cells to form hybrid cells displaying proteins and chromosomal markers characteristic of both parent cells. The hybrid cells are viable and capable of undergoing mitosis. Fusions between cancer cells and endothelial cells were shown to occur both in vitro, in co-cultures of human breast cancer cells and endothelial cells, and in vivo, following intravascular dissemination of human breast cancer cells in nude mice. These observations demonstrate a new type of cancer-endothelial cell interaction that may be of fundamental importance to the process of metastasis.Received 10 May 2004; received after revision 21 June 2004; accepted 2 July 2004     

The relationship between cell division and cell specialization in the mouse intestinal epithelium

Zusammenfassung Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Teilung von Ursprungszellen und der Differenzierung ihrer Tochterzellen wurde anhand von Epithelzellen des Duodenums weisser Mäuser untersucht. Um den Zustand des «steady state» zu erhalten, finden die folgenden Arten von Teilung der Ursprungszellen statt: 1) zwei neue Ursprungszellen; 2) zwei differenzierte Tochterzellen; oder 3) eine neue Ursprungszelle und eine differenzierte Tochterzelle.

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I wish to particularly thank Mrs. Z.Trirogoff for her skilled technical assistance. This work was supported in part by Research Grant No. GM 14749-01, National Institutes of Health and General Research Support Funds, UCLA School of Medicine. Portions of this work were presented before the American Association of Anatomists, Anat. Rec.157, 333 (1967).     

Interaction between sugars and amino acids in intestinal absorption by rat,in vivo

Summary The inhibitory action ofl-leucine on the intestinal absorption ofd-glucose andd-galactose, as well as the inhibitory action ofd-galactose on the absorption ofl-leucine at various concentrations by rat small intestine has been studied. The further effect was more clearly evidenced when the medium was perfunded through the intestine in a closed circuit system using a peristaltic pump.     

Interaction between sugars and amino acids in intestinal absorption by rat, in vivo.

The inhibitory action of L-leucine on the intestinal absorption of D-glucose and D-galactose, as well as the inhibitory action of D-galactose on the absorption of L-leucine at various concentrations by rat small intestine has been studied. The further effect was more clearly evidenced when the medium was perfunded through the intestine in a closed circuit system using a peristaltic pump.     

Relationship between passive permeability to nonelectrolytes and active transport activity in the isolated intestinal wall

Riassunto La permeabilità all'acetamide dell'epitelio intestinale di digiuno di ratto non sembra influenzata dal grado di rigonfiamento delle cellule epiteliali.

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This work has been supported by a research grant of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy.