不同曲率弯管对气相爆轰波传播特性的影响

采用附加Runge-Kutta方法,5阶加权无震荡格式和基元反应模型,对规则爆轰波在15°,20°,30°,40°,45°,60°光滑弯管的传播过程进行了数值模拟. 本文采用的基元反应模型是9组分48反应模型,反应气体为满足化学当量比的H₂/O₂混合气体,并用氩气稀释. 分析数值模拟结果发现所有弯管胞格结构都从规则变为不规则,随着弯角度数的增加,爆轰胞格结构从有到消失,爆轰波从没有熄爆区到有熄爆区,30°是有无胞格消失区、产生熄爆与非熄爆的临界度数;在一定压力下,大于30°的弯管下游都会产生重新起爆的现象;由于弯管的复杂性,爆轰波的反射在下壁面存在马赫反射和规则反射两种模式.     

冬小麦冠层叶片氮素营养方向反射光谱的预测

以2个小麦品种,4个氮素水平的裂区实验设计,对垂直垄平面上不同观测角度冬小麦冠层光谱与叶片氮素含量的关系进行研究。结果表明,在选择的10种光谱特征参量中,RVI与冠层叶片氮素含量相关性最高,不同角度RVI中,0°观测角的RVI的相关性最显著。对冠层不同角度RVI及叶片氮素进行多种模型拟合,其中0°的GROWTH模型拟合效果最好,建立的0°模型RMSE为0.3402,预测准确率达到90.3%,比180°模型预测精度高23.7%,比90°高5.5%;对2个小麦品种分别建立0°观测角GROWTH模型,普通蛋白型小麦J411模型RMSE为0.2915,反演准确率达到91.64%,ZY9507模型RMSE比J411高31%,预测准确率低3.3%,说明建立的模型更适合普通蛋白含量小麦品种叶片氮素含量检测。     

基于人工模拟降雨的土壤侵蚀特性试验研究

为了揭示新疆伊宁市北山坡因降雨引起土壤侵蚀的规律,采用室内人工模拟降雨的方法,依据研究区实际情况,分设5种不同的降雨强度和6个坡度分别进行了试验研究,结果表明：1）侵蚀模数随雨强和坡度的增加而增加,坡度为17°左右时出现跌谷;2）雨滴动能随雨强的增加而增加,变化趋势与天然降雨相似;3）小雨强时,土壤入渗率与坡度呈W型变化趋势,拐点在17°和25°附近;大雨强时,土壤入渗率与坡度呈V型变化趋势,拐点在20°附近。上述研究结果可为探索伊宁市北山坡降雨侵蚀机理和进行土壤侵蚀预报提供依据。     

不同加载角下L形柱的承载力与延性分析

采用Abaqus软件建立L形柱的三维非线性有限元模型,分析了L形柱在不同加载角下的承载力与延性,计算结果与试验值符合良好,分析表明：加载角为135°时,承载力是最大的,延性良好;加载角为225°时,承载力是最小的,延性也最差;加载角为0°时,延性是最好的。     

恩施古树

恩施州位于东经108°21′—110°28′,北纬29°07′—31°28′,属于我国阶梯地形的第二阶梯东缘,是云贵高原的东延部分。恩施州是一个自然条件比较复杂的大山区,主要由云贵高原东延的武陵山山脉和秦岭南伸的巫山山脉组成。武陵山山岭在清江以南,占恩施州总面积的60％。巫山山脉在清江以北。     

两种Cr(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、结构和光物理性质

采用溶剂热合成方法,得到了2种Cr（Ⅲ）配合物：Cr（oxinate）3·CH3CH2OH（1）和Cr（oxinate）3·CH3OH（2）．对2种化合物的单晶体进行X-射线衍射分析,确定了分子结构和晶体结构．2种化合物均为单斜晶系,P2（1）／n空间群．晶胞参数分别为：a=1．1255nm,b=1．3281nm,c=1．6783nm,α=90°,β=94．479°,γ=90°,V=2．5011nm^3,Z=4,F=1．052,R=0．0511（1）;a=1．0912nm,b=1．3136nm,c=1．6847nm,α=90°,β=97．73°,γ=90°,V=2．3930nm^3,Z=4,F=1．098,R=0．0467（2）．结构解析表明,2种化合物均存在着分子内氢键．对2种化合物的UV—VIS-NIR和荧光光谱进行了测定、分析指认和对比．     

高填方路堤土中爆破数值模拟

 由于进行多次、大规模爆破成腔试验研究存在一定难度,本研究采用爆炸流体动力学数值分析方法,模拟土中爆腔形成和周围土体挤密效果。对现场爆破试验采集到的爆炸波波速进行分析,推导出土壤的相关参数,然后采用基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA中多物质ALE 算法,对土中爆破成腔进行分析,得到爆腔大小与土体压实度关系以及爆腔周围土体密度随爆心距变化关系,爆破成腔数值模拟结果与现场爆破试验结果具有较好的一致性。     

高填方路堤软弱区域爆破挤密技术

 为了解决在传统高填方路堤加固工程投资巨大且加固效果不好的问题,提出了爆破挤密技术对路堤进行处理。炸药在土中爆炸结束后,形成的地下爆腔对周围土体产生挤密作用,只需对腔体内逐层填料并压实即可实现高填方路堤的加固过程。通过对9 组不同工况下的试验模型进行研究,分析不同含水率和不同压实度下的爆破挤密效果。结果表明,爆前压实度较低、含水率较大的土体形成的爆腔较大,压密范围较大,反之则小。同时,某高速公路高填方路段的试验工程也证明该技术的效果较好,没有造成路面及边坡的破坏,可以缩短养护维修工期、降低成本、降低占路施工对交通的影响程度。     

K5H11[WO2（PW9O34）2]·33H2O和K6Na2H2[Ni4（H2O）2（PW9O34）2]·23H2O的合成与表征

在常规条件下合成了2种具有一维链状结构的多金属钨酸盐K5H11[WO2（PW9O34）2]·33H2O（1）和K6Na2H2[Ni4（H2O）2（PW9O34）2]·23H2O（2）．采用X射线单晶结构分析、元素分析和红外光谱对其进行了表征．结果表明：化合物1属于正交晶系,Fddd空间群;晶胞参数a=2．9063nm,b=3．1790nm,c=3．9148nm,α=90．00°,β=90．00°γ=90．00°,V：36．1940nm^3,Z=2,R1=0．0706,ωR2=0．1621．化合物2属于单斜晶系,P2（1）／n空间群;晶胞参数a=1．1916nm,b=1．6547nm,C=2．1211nm,α=90．00°,β=100．66°,γ=90．00°,V=4．1098nm^3,Z=16,R1=0．0638,ωR2=0．1432．     

浅谈安定区水资源及水资源利用现状

1基本情况 安定区地处甘肃省中部、定西市北部,是个沟壑纵横、丘陵起伏的黄土高原丘陵沟壑区。地理位置东经104°12′～105°01′,北纬35°17′-36°02′。两接兰州、临洮,南临渭源、陇西,东与通渭、会宁相邻,南北长82．9km,东西宽73．3km,总流域面积3638km^2．是定西市委、市政府所在地,是全市政治、经济、文化中心。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that