材料力学性能测试中的数据自动采集与曲线拟合

本文论述步长联控式数据自动采集原理和数据处理方法,提出拟合直线与拟合曲线在联接点处保持连续与相切的一种实用方法,给出了与另外二种拟合方法的对比图形,列出了这三种不同回归方法的优缺点及适用范围.本方法已成功地应用于材料的拉伸试验、断裂韧性K_(IC)测试及σ_(0.2)系列(诸如σ_(0.1),σ_(0.5)等)的微机自动测试.     

基于模糊结构元方法的模糊线性回归模型

由于统计分析中线性回归分析方法的可靠性不高，人们提出模糊线性回归方法，但是这种方法有随着自变量的增大回归函数将越来越模糊的缺陷。利用模糊结构元的方法揭示了这一缺陷，并采用模糊函数拟合数据点的方法克服了这一缺陷，这里的模糊函数采用模糊结构元的表示方法。理论证明这是一种有效的模糊回归分析方法，并通过实例加以应用，取得了很好的效果。     

回归分析在F-P标准具测量实验中的应用

以测量法布里-珀罗标准具间隔实验中小数序的计算为例,分别建立一元线性回归模型Di2=b0+b1i、二元线性回归模型Di2=b0+b1i+b2i2、加权回归模型及近似直线回归模型Di2=b0+b1i*,采用最小二乘法数据处理过程,分析其应用条件和优缺点,得出近似直线回归方法可以在物理实验处理中广泛应用。     

实验数据的直线拟合

对拟合直线常用的最小二乘法进行了详细分析，得出了计算斜率的通项公式，提出了一种分段最佳斜率平均法，计算结果表明，该方法计算非常简单，精度并不低于最小二乘法和其它直线拟合方法，将常用的几种拟合直线的方法进行比较的结果表明，分段最佳斜率平均法拟合精度最高。     

实验数据的直线拟合

对拟合直线常用的最小二乘法进行了详细分析，得出了计算斜率的通项公式。提出了一种分段最佳斜率平均法。计算结果表明，该方法计算非常简单，精度并不低于最小二乘法和其它直线拟合方法，将常用的几种拟合直线的方法进行比较的结果表明，分段最佳斜率平均法拟合精度最高。     

系数为非对称指数型模糊数的多元线性最小二乘回归

使用模糊数之间的某种距离和的最小二乘方法，研究了模糊多元线性回归模型，此模型的输入为精确数据，输出为模糊数据，回归系数为非对称指数型模糊数，并通过讨论一元模糊线性回归模型，推导出三组正规方程组以分别用于求解模型回归系数的模糊中心参数，左边参数和右边参数，然后将此结果推广到多元情形，考察了观测值与估计值之间的拟合优度。     

用Excel和Matlab处理线性回归

本文以测量弹簧劲度系数实验的数据处理为例,旨在说明对实验数据作线性回归处理时使用Excel和Matlab的必要性,并具体介绍了求得线性回归方程和绘制散点及拟合直线图的方法.     

基于空间直线拟合的古塔变形趋势研究

采用粒子群算法求出古塔各层的中心点坐标,并对塔层中心进行空间直线拟合.根据拟合直线的方向向量算出塔体每年偏转角度的近似值.对塔层中心的投影点作直线拟合,以投影点在拟合直线上的疏密程度判断塔体局部弯曲程度;以投影点偏离拟合直线的远近及分布判断塔体局部的扭曲程度.研究结果为古塔变形趋势研究提供了新方法.     

直线拟合的一个快速算法

给出了在图像处理中直线快速拟合的一种新的思路，提出了一个快速拟合算法，并对其完备性进行了证明，它采用序贯递归检测的方法，仅经过一次遍历即可检测出满足定义条件的所有直线，具有结构简明、性能稳定、运行速度快的特点。     

直线拟合的一个快速算法

给出了在图像处理中直线快速拟合的一种新的思路，提出了一个快速拟合算法，并对其完备性进行了证明，它采用序贯递归检测的方法仅经过一次遍历即可检测出满足定义条件的所有直线，具有结构简明，性能稳定，运行速度快的特点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the